State ex rel. C.V.
State ex rel. C.V.
Opinion of the Court
The State appeals from the dismissal of a complaint against a 14-year-old juvenile charging him with an act of delinquency in committing an atrocious assault and battery upon a woman. The case was dismissed because a hearing had previously been commenced by another judge and some testimony had been taken before the judge determined that the case was sufficiently serious to warrant representation of the juvenile by counsel. The judge had therefore declared a mistrial and transferred the case to another judge. When it again came on for hearing the trial judge granted defense counsel’s motion to dismiss for violation of R. 5:9-1(c), since the rule by its terms permits suspension of the proceedings only “prior to the taking of testimony” if the judge determines that the case may result in institutional commitment of the juvenile.
On this appeal the issues are whether dismissal of the complaint was compelled by the rules of court or by reason of the juvenile’s claim of double jeopardy, raised now as an additional bar to his prosecution.
The first hearing was commenced without the prosecutor or counsel for defendant present. The charge was read and the juvenile was asked if he understood the charge and if it was true. He admitted striking the victim with a stick (the charge alleged that a two-by-four was used), but he said he was acting in defense of his cousin. At this point the judge announced, “I will not accept the plea of guilty,” and declared that the case would be tried.
The victim was then called to testify. She described defendant’s attack upon her and denied provoking the attack or having any weapon in her hand. At that point the judge asked defendant and his mother if they had any questions to ask the witness (cross-examination) and they had none.
The judge repeated that he would not accept a plea of guilty “in all fairness” to the juvenile because of the defense asserted. He concluded that “justice” requires that the juvenile have an attorney who can cross-examine and that the prosecution should present the case. He added, “I don’t know how in my opinion I went along with this but as more unraveled I came to the conclusion that [it] belongs on that kind of calendar because it’s extremely serious.”
A juvenile who is adjudged delinquent is subject to various dispositions. N. J. S. A. 2A:4-61. The proceedings may be continued without formal disposition for a period of not more than 12 months and then dismissed if the juvenile makes a satisfactory adjustment. Other dispositions include leaving the juvenile under the supervision of his parents, placing him on probation or under the care of the Division of Youth and Family Services, or committing him to a correctional institution.
R. 5:9-1(c) contemplates that an evaluation be made of the potential for institutional commitment before any testimony is taken so that counsel may be provided in accordance with R. 5:3-3 (a). This should be the norm. The rule was revised to exclude the former provision that a transfer could be made to the “formal calendar” at any stage of the proceeding. Cf. Breed v. Jones, 421 U. S. 519, 95 S. Ct. 1779, 44 L. Ed. 2d 346 (1975).
However, the case before us turns essentially on the authority of a judge to order a mistrial on his own mo
Reversed and remanded.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- STATE OF NEW JERSEY, IN THE INTEREST OF C. V., JUVENILE-RESPONDENT
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published