Lewicki v. New Jersey Art Foundry
Lewicki v. New Jersey Art Foundry
Opinion of the Court
The opinion of the court was delivered by
This is a workers’ compensation case implicating questions of Second Injury Fund liability.
Petitioner Frank Lewicki was found by the judge of workers’ compensation to be totally and permanently disabled as the combined result of the consequences of an industrial accident, an occupational pulmonary disease and a preexisting hypertensive condition. It was the judge’s further finding that 10% of total disability was attributable to the occupational disease, 67% of total was attributable to the sequelae of the accident and that
In addition to the foregoing, the judge rendered an advisory opinion on petitioner’s claim against the Second Injury Fund recommending Fund liability for the difference between the total permanent disability maximum of 450 weeks and the 4061/2 weeks charged against the employer. That recommendation was based on the judge’s finding that the preexisting hypertension which combined with the compensable injuries to make petitioner totally disabled was an “other cause” which, pursuant to N.J.S.A. 34:15-95, rendered petitioner eligible for Second Injury Fund benefits. The Commissioner of Labor and Industry rejected the judge’s recommendation and petitioner appeals.
Our review of the record persuades us that we must uphold the Commissioner’s action. In a well-reasoned decision and order, the Commissioner concluded on the basis of the record that petitioner had failed to meet his burden of proving that the preexisting hypertensive disease upon which the judge predicated Fund liability constituted a permanent, disabling condition which was fixed, measurable and arrested at the time of the compensable injury. See Katz v. Howell Tp., 68 N.J. 125 (1975); Paul v. Baltimore Upholstering Co., 66 N.J. 111 (1974); Morello v. Baldanza Bakery, Inc., 105 N.J.Super. 575 (App.Div. 1969). We are satisfied not only that the substantial credible evidence supports this conclusion but further that the judge’s contrary conclusion lacked adequate record support.
We are aware of the potential anomaly of contrary findings by the judge and Commissioner and the prejudice potentially resultant therefrom when a petitioner is, as here, supportably found to be totally disabled. Indeed, this court has already recommended to the Legislature its reconsideration of the present decisional scheme of Fund liability whereby the judge
Our conclusion that the Commissioner’s decision requires affirmance does not, however, end the matter. Since the Commissioner’s rejection of the judge’s recommendation was not based upon any disagreement with the judge on his finding of petitioner’s total and permanent disability but only with the judge’s conclusions respecting Fund eligibility based on the causative component of the preexisting noncompensable condition, and since the finding of total and permanent disability is virtually unchallenged, we are of the view that petitioner should be entitled to whatever benefits remain legally available to him.
In this regard we note that petitioner stated at the outset of trial that he was relying on the so-called odd-lot doctrine as an alternative theory for recovery of total disability benefits, an announcement which, we further note, elicited no objection from respondent. The odd-lot theory was, however, never fully explored or addressed at all by the judge because of his conviction that the causes of the total disability invoked Second Fund liability. It is clear, moreover, that a total unemployability attendant upon a less than totally disabling compensable event
One final issue has been here raised and that is whether N.J.A.C. 12:235-5.62, which permits petitioner’s medical testimo
The decision of the Commissioner of Labor and Industry rejecting Second Injury Fund liability is affirmed. The matter is remanded to the Division of Workers’ Compensation for supplementary consideration, on such hearing as it shall order, of the odd-lot doctrine.
Petitioner’s separate claim petitions against the employer-respondent and the Second Injury Fund were consolidated by the Division of Workers’ Compensation prior to trial. The notice of appeal expressly challenges only the order of the Commissioner denying Fund eligibility and not the judgment of the judge of workers’ compensation allocating to the employer-respondent responsibility for 77% (plus the hearing loss) of the total disability. The employer-respondent, however, is a party to this appeal and has filed a brief urging our reversal of the Commissioner’s order. That position is necessarily predicated on the premise that petitioner indeed is totally disabled and implies concession of a prima facie entitlement of petitioner to an award, by whomever paid, based on total disability. Technically, the framing of the notice of appeal would preclude us from reversing and remanding the workers’ compensation judgment. Nevertheless, considering all of the circumstances before us and in view of the consolidation below of the two matters and the presence before us of all parties, we are satisfied that the interests of justice require us, in effect, to order on our own motion, the reopening of the compensation matter as a technique for resolving, within the framework of the compensation judgment, the anomaly resultant from the contrary actions of the judge and the Commissioner.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.