Bandler v. Maurice
Bandler v. Maurice
Opinion of the Court
The opinion of the court was delivered by
(temporarily assigned).
Plaintiff Doree Bandler and her housemate, both college students, leased a condominium unit from the defendant owner, Dawn Maurice, for a one-year term commencing on September 1, 1999. The lease provided a “1st right to lease renewal.”
From the outset, certain problems with the condominium unit allegedly existed, consisting of the owner’s failure to paint, adequately fumigate, clean the fireplace, change the locks, and fix the dryer. Notice of the problems was given to the owner. However, a timely cure was not effected, and some problems were not addressed at all. To make matters worse from a tenants’ perspective, in February and again in May 2000, Maurice notified Bandler and her housemate that their lease would not be renewed because the unit was under contract for sale, and they were advised to quit the premises on August 31, 2000.
The dismissal of plaintiffs action, which occurred following multiple further proceedings, resulted from several errors on the part of the trial judge. In a hearing conducted in November 2000, the judge construed the complaints about the condition of the condominium unit that plaintiff asserted directly in Count One of her contract action as if they had been offered as a defense to a claim of nonpayment of rent in a summary eviction action, based on a breach of the landlord’s warranty of habitability under Marini v. Ireland, 56 N.J. 130, 265 A.2d 526 (1970). As a consequence, the trial court severed that count and referred it to another judge for a Marini hearing. In characterizing plaintiffs affirmative claims for diminution of the value of her tenancy as
In the meantime, plaintiff had amended her complaint to seek damages for wrongful termination of the tenancy and denial of the right to exercise the lease’s renewal option (Count Two); enforcement of the August agreement between plaintiffs father and Maurice, which plaintiff claimed relieved her of her obligation to pay rent for the last six weeks of the lease term and required return of her security deposit (Count Three); and damages consisting of the difference between the fair market value of the premises when delivered vacant and its value if encumbered by the lease that plaintiff claimed to have been wrongfully terminated (Count Four). Each of those counts was dismissed by the trial judge, who granted summary judgment in favor of defendant Maurice. In doing so, the court found the Anti-Eviction Act (AEA), N.J.S.A 2A:18-61.1 to -61.12, upon which plaintiff placed reliance, to be inapplicable to the lease and sale of a single condominium unit, and it therefore rejected as a matter of law plaintiffs claim of damages resulting from defendant’s alleged breach of that Act. Instead, the court focused on the option provision of the lease, ruling correctly in defendant’s favor in that
No legal basis for Count Four has been suggested in this appeal, and we see none. Summary judgment on that Count is therefore affirmed, despite the short shrift accorded to it below. We reverse and remand as to the remainder, finding legal error in the court’s failure to recognize the applicability of the AEA to plaintiffs claims in Count Two (see, e.g., Vander Sierre Bros. v. Keating, 284 N.J.Super. 433, 665 A.2d 779 (App.Div. 1995)) and unresolved issues of fact that preclude summary judgment on the unaddressed Count Three.
We address plaintiffs claims under the AEA in greater detail. N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.1(Z )(2) permits the Superior Court, on 60-days’ notice, to remove for cause any condominium tenant upon proof that the owner of three or less condominium units “has contracted to sell the unit to a buyer who seeks to personally occupy it and the contract for sale calls for the unit to be vacant at the time of closing.” Under N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.1(i )(1), a provision applicable to owners of more than three condominium units, the right to removal upon sale to an occupant-purchaser exists only if the tenant was given, at the inception of the tenancy, a prescribed statement of tenant’s rights that is set forth in N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.9. Failure to provide this notice deprives the court of jurisdiction over an eviction action and extends the mandated notice from the sixty-day period applicable to post-conversion tenants to the three-year period applicable to pre-conversion tenants. Vander Sierre Bros., supra, 284 N.J.Super. 433, 665 A.2d 779.
In a decision rendered after defendant’s motion for summary judgment was heard, we distinguished the notice requirements imposed upon owners of more than three condominium units under N.J.S.A. 2A:18~61.1(i )(1) from the requirements imposed upon owners of less than three units under subsection (2), and we
We are uncertain whether the notice provided by defendant pursuant to N.J.S.A 2A:18-61.1(( )(2) was statutorily adequate under the standards discussed in 221 Jefferson, since no evidence was presented below to establish that defendant had entered into a contract of sale at the time notice was provided
We conclude by addressing one final error by the trial court, included in plaintiff’s amended notice of appeal. After plaintiff had filed her initial appeal fi’om the orders of dismissal entered against her, the trial judge granted a motion by defendant to modify the judgment of dismissal of Counts Two through Four to grant defendant $5,129.52 in attorney’s fees as the result of plaintiff’s failure to accept an offer of judgment that had been made pursuant to R. 4:58-1 earlier in the case. The trial judge lacked jurisdiction to enter this order at a time when plaintiff’s appeal was pending. R. 2:9-1; Manalapan Realty v. Township Committee, 140 N.J. 366, 376, 658 A.2d 1230 (1995); Sturdivant v. General Brass & Machine Corp., 115 N.J.Super. 224, 227, 279
Of greater importance, we hold the offer of judgment rule to be inapplicable to claims in the Special Civil Part. In this regard, we note that no provision of the Special Civil Part Rules authorizes the use of that device by adoption. However, we do not base our determination on that ground alone, preferring instead a less mechanistic approach that focuses on an analysis of the effect of this particular rule upon special civil practice.
In Lettenmaier v. Lube Connection, Inc., our Supreme Court held that an award of statutorily-authorized attorney’s fees under the Consumer Fraud Act should be excluded from a calculation of the jurisdictional limit of the Special Civil Part, since if it were included, actions otherwise cognizable in that Part would have to be filed in the Superior Court. Id. 162 N.J. 134, 143, 741 A.2d 591 (1999). The Court’s rationale, was that
|s]uch a state of affairs would confound the purposes behind the Special Civil Part Rules, which are designed to provide “a streamlined structure and practice for the inexpensive and expeditious disposition of the many relatively minor ... cases which make up the vast bulk of litigation in this state.” Andriola v. Galloping Hill Shopping Center, 93 N.J.Super. 196, 200, 225 A.2d 377 (App.Div. 1966). The rules governing the Special Civil Part limit the costs of instituting and trying actions, abbreviate time periods, and restrict discovery_Those devices control costs and promote the expeditions disposition of actions. Andriola, supra, 93 N.J.Super. at 201, 225 A.2d 377. They are perfect vehicles for litigation of actions that do not involve large sums of money.
[Lettenmaier, supra, 162 N.J. at 143-44, 741 A.2d 591.]
Importation of the offer of judgment rule into special civil practice would defeat the purpose of the Special Civil Part and its rules, as expressed in Lettenmaier, by creating, within the proce
The grant of summary judgment in defendant’s favor on Count Four of plaintiffs complaint is affirmed. The courts’ dismissals of Counts One, Two and Three are reversed, and the matter is remanded to the Special Civil Part for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
A prophylactic notice of an intent to sometime sell would be statutorily inadequate.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.