Franco v. Rivera
Franco v. Rivera
Opinion of the Court
retired and on recall.
There is no reported opinion discussing the requirement that all settlements of summary actions for possession be reviewed by a judge, pursuant to R. 6:6-4. This opinion addresses that issue in a case based on a notice to quit and demand for possession. The notice to quit gave the tenant two months’ notice to surrender possession, alleging that the tenancy was a month-to-month tenancy and that the plaintiffs ground for eviction was based on the landlord’s right to terminate the tenancy pursuant to N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.1(Z)(3), so that the owner of the unit could personally occupy it.
The critical facts were that defendant is a month-to-month tenant, that this is the only unit owned by the plaintiff in a building that is in a condominium form of ownership and has forty units, and that the tenant was not a “protected” tenant under the law, although she did occupy the apartment prior to its conversion, commonly called a “pre-conversion tenant.”
The parties had presented me with a proposed settlement agreement (commonly called a “pay and go” settlement
Plaintiffs Notice to Quit alleged that the ground for eviction was pursuant to N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.1(Z)(3). That subsection permits a landlord to evict a tenant when:
The owner of a building of three residential units or less seeks to personally occupy a unit, or has contracted to sell the residential unit to a buyer who wishes to personally occupy it and the contract for sale calls for the unit to be vacant at the time of closing.
However, that subsection does not relate to either a cooperative or condominium form of ownership, as is involved in this case. Therefore, I find that that subsection does not apply to this tenancy and does not provide plaintiff with a ground for eviction. Likewise, N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.1 subsections (0(1) and (2) apply to condominiums and cooperatives when an owner of a unit seeks to either sell the unit to a buyer who seeks to personally occupy it and the contract for sale calls for the unit to be vacant at the time of closing, or to personally occupy the unit. But neither of those subsections applies unless the “initial tenancy began after the master deed, agreement establishing the cooperative or subdivision plat was recorded ...” (subsection (1)), or the “initial tenancy began by rental from an owner of three or less units after the master deed or agreement establishing the cooperative was recorded ...” (subsection (2)).
The quid pro quo for the approval of a proposed settlement, a new contract between the parties, but requiring the approval of the court when a judgment is to be entered,
The complaint is dismissed, based on the deficient notice to quit.
A "pay and go” settlement provides that although a judgment for possession is being entered, customarily on the day that the settlement is made, the tenant must nevertheless make some agreed-upon payment and must move out by an agreed-upon date. Pursuant to R. 6:6-4(a), these judgments for possession by consent must be approved by a judge in open court (unless the agreement is signed by an attorney representing the tenant, see R. 6:6-4(b)). The premise for approval by a judge is that the court must determine that the settlement is fair, and the premise for requiring approval in open court is so that the judge may question the parties to assist the judge in determining the fairness. At that inquiry, the judge may be advised that the tenant did not fully understand his/her rights and would not have entered into the settlement if the tenant had fully understood his/her rights, or that the settlement for some reason violates the
The requirement of a three years' notice for eviction pursuant to sec. 61.1 (k) is found at N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.2g: "For an action alleging any grounds under subsection k. of section 2, three years’ notice prior to the institution of action, and provided that where there is a written lease in effect, no action shall be instituted until the lease expires.”
See First Nat'l Bank v. Gray, 232 N.J.Super. 368, 372, 556 A.2d 1334 (Law Div. 1989), and Barclays Bank v. Davidson Ave., 274 N.J.Super. 519, 522-523, 644 A.2d 685 (App.Div. 1994).
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.