Land v. Helmer
Land v. Helmer
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
This matter arises out of a failed criminal prosecution of the Plaintiffs, who now bring a claim of malicious prosecution against the attorney alleged to have initiated the charges.
I.
The following facts are alleged in the Complaint.
Plaintiffs are former corporate officers of a bottled water company, Trident LLC (“Trident”), that contracted with NFI Industries, Inc, (“NFI”), a transportation company.
Shortly after filing the complaint, NFI reported the returned checks to the Vine-land Police Department and the Cumberland County Prosecutor’s Office (“CCPO”). (Id. at ¶¶ 72, 75). In both instances, officials declined to pursue charges because they considered the dispute a civil matter.
NFI consequently hired Defendants, Yaron Helmer and his firm, to help “navigate the criminal system in Cumberland County.” (Id. at ¶ 79). Helmer, a former Assistant Prosecutor in Cumberland, reviewed over 500 pages of documents and interviewed several NFI staff members. (Id. at ¶ 83). He subsequently emailed a then-active Assistant Prosecutor, (id. at ¶ 86), drafted an indictment, (id.), and went before a Grand Jury as the only witness, (id.), withholding exculpatory evidence, (id. at ¶ 95), and testifying to inaccurate contract negotiations.
The Grand Jury indicted Plaintiffs and Trident on ten charges.
II.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) provides that a court may dismiss a complaint “for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.” In considering a Rule 12(b)(6) motion, the Court accepts as true all of the factual allegations contained in the complaint and any reasonable inferences that can be drawn therefrom. Nami v. Fauver, 82 F.3d 63, 65 (3d Cir. 1996).
To survive a Motion to Dismiss, Plaintiffs must plead more than the mere possibility of relief. Fowler v. UPMC Shadyside, 578 F.3d 203, 210 (3d Cir. 2009). The complaint must set out “ ‘sufficient factual matter’ to show that the claim is facially plausible ...” Id. (quoting Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1948-49, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009)). If the complaint permits only an inference of the mere possibility of misconduct, it must be dismissed. Id. at 210-11.
III.
Because the Complaint does not allege facts that give rise to an absence of probable cause, Plaintiffs fail to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.
Malicious prosecution is an avowedly disfavored cause of action. Stolinski v. Pennypacker, 772 F.Supp.2d 626 (D.N.J. 2011) (cataloging the numerous expressions of disfavor). To succeed, a plaintiff must prove that (1) the previous action was initiated by the defendant; (2) the action was motivated by malice; (3) there was an absence of probable cause to prosecute; and (4) the action was terminated favorably for the plaintiff. Lind v. Schmid, 67 N.J. 255, 262, 337 A.2d 365 (1975). “The essence of the cause of action is lack of probable cause, and the burden of proof rests on the plaintiff.” Id. In the instant case, Plaintiffs fail to meet their burden.
Probable cause is defined as “reasonable grounds for suspicion supported by circumstances sufficiently strong in themselves to warrant an ordinarily cautious [person] in the belief that the accused is guilty of the offense with which he is charged.” Lind, 67 N.J. at 263, 337 A.2d 365. In a suit for malicious prosecution, courts conduct an objective inquiry as to whether probable cause can be inferred from the facts known to the defendant at the time criminal charges were initiated. Stolinski, 772 F.Supp.2d at 642-43. To withstand the instant motion, therefore, the Complaint must allege those facts known to Helmer when he contacted CCPO, and those facts must lead the Court to conclude that a reasonably prudent person would not consider Plaintiffs guilty as charged.
The gravamen of the charges is the returned checks. New Jersey’s bad check statute, N.J.S.A. § 2C:21-5, prohibits issuing a check for the payment of money where the issuer knows that it will not be honored by the drawee and the issuer fails to make good on the payment when notified of the check’s failure. New Jersey’s legislature expanded the statute’s reach by
In light of the expanded liability, Plaintiffs have not sufficiently alleged an absence of probable cause. The Complaint admits that Trident issued four bad checks, totaling $68,000, that were not reimbursed,
Analyzing the facts alleged in light of the wide reach of the statute, this Court finds that Plaintiffs fail to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.
Y.
For the reasons stated above, Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss will be granted. An appropriate Order accompanies this Opinion.
. The Court has subject matter jurisdiction based on the diversity of citizenship of the parties. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332.
. The Complaint alleges a complicated and protracted contract negotiation, involving corporate restructuring and a confidentiality agreement, that is irrelevant to the present analysis. See Complaint at ¶¶ 16-33.
. NFI included others in the suit. It was dismissed with prejudice after three years. (Complaint at ¶ 1).
. In dismissing the complaint, the reviewing prosecutor wrote that the "Prosecutor's office is not in the business of operating as a collection agency on your company's behalf.” (Complaint at ¶ 77).
. Additionally, a document was found in Helmer’s file that was in an “altered state” compared to the copy found in NFI's possession. (Id. at ¶ 85). The document was not entered into evidence in the Grand Jury hearing. (Id. at ¶ 87).
. Theft of services, conspiracy to commit theft of services, theft by deception, conspiracy to issue a bad check, and five counts of issuing bad checks. (Complaint at ¶ 14).
. One of the five returned checks, numbered 3296, was reimbursed by subsequent payments. (Complaint at ¶ 49).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- James J. LAND, Jr. and Michael Pessiki v. Yaron HELMER, Esq. and Helmer, Paul, Conley & Kasselman, PA
- Cited By
- 5 cases
- Status
- Published