MARKMAN OPINION

Table of Contents

I. INTRODUCTION .. .529

II. BACKGROUND .. .532 ’

A.Factual and Procedural Background ...532

1. Aripiprazole, Generally ... 533

2. The ’615, ’796, and ’760 Patents: Otsu-ka’s Aripiprazole Polymorph Patents ...533

3; The ’350 Patent:: Otsuka’s Asserted Method of Use Patent... 534

4. Otsuka’s Infringement Litigation in this District .. .535

III. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION STANDARD...536

IV. DISCUSSION .. .537

A. “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” ...537

B. “mean particle size” ... 543

• 1. Standard for Indefiniteness ... 544

2. The ’615 Patent fails to inform, with reasonable certainty, the meaning of the ■ phrase “mean particle size” ... 546

C. “wherein said low hygroscopicity is defined as a moisture content of [0.40%/0.10%] or less after placing said substance/Crystals for 24 hours in a desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60° C and a humidity level-of 100%” .. .549

D. “aripiprazole drug substance” ... 552

E. “a/the pharmaceutical composition” / “in combination with” .. .553

V. CONCLUSION .. 1557

I. INTRODUCTION

These related -patent infringement actions under the HatchWaxm’an Act, 35 U.S.C. §§ 271, 281, generally concern Plaintiff Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd.’s (hereinafter, “Otsuka”) position that Defendants’- submissions' of abbreviated new drug applications (hereinafter,. “ANDAs”) infringe the various patents covering Otsu-ka’s Ability® aripiprazole product, U.S. Patent Nos. 5,006,528 (“the ’528 patent”), 7,053,092 (“the ’092 patent”), 8,017,615 (“the ’615 patent”),' 8,580,796 (“the ’796 patent”), 8,642,600 (“the ’600 patent”), 8,642,760 (“the ’760 patent”), and 8,759,350 (“the, ’350 patent” and collectively, the “patents-in-suit”).

*530Following Otsuka’s preliminary injunction motion practice,' see Otsuka Pharm. Co., Ltd. v. Torrent Pharm. Ltd., Inc., 99 F.Supp.3d 461 (D.N.J. 2015), and the parties’ lengthy period for claims construction discovery (marked by a plethora of discovery disputes and discovery motion practice before this Court),1 the parties now request that the Court construe the following five claim phrases:

1. “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B,” as it appears in asserted claims 3, 4, 15, and 16 of the ’615 Patent, claims 1 and 2 of .the ’796 Patent, and claims 4 and 12 of the ’350 Patent;

2. “mean particle size,” as it appears in asserted claims 3, 4, 15, and 16 of the ’615 Patent;

3. “wherein said low hygroscopicity is defined as a moisture content of [0,40%/0.10%] or less after placing said substance/Crystals for 24 hours in a desiccator. maintained at a temperature of 60° C and a humidity level of 100%,” as- it appears in asserted claims 3, 4, 15,- and -16 of the ’615 Patent, claims 1 and 2■ of the ’796 Patent, and claims 1 and 2 of the ’760 Patent;

4. “aripiprazole drug substance,” as it ■appears in asserted claims 1 and 2 of the ’760 Patent;2 and

5. “a/thé pharmaceutical composition” / “in combination with,” as it appears in asserted claims 1 through 18 of the ’350 Patent.

Otsuka, for its part, largely eschews the need for formal claim construction and submits, in each instance, that the disputed claim phrase should be construed in accordance with its plain and ordinary meaning as understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. (See, e.g., Otsu-ka’s Opening Claim Constr. Br at 2 (arguing that claim construction proves overall unnecessary, bécausé the disputed phrases have “readily ascertainable and understandable” plain and ordinary meanings).) Defendants argue, by contrast, that the intrinsic record provides a specific definition for each of the disputed phrases, and/or demonstrates that the various claim phrases prove incapable of construction on indefiniteness grounds.3 (See, e.g., Defs.’ Opening Claim Cpnstr-. Br. at 2-3.)

The Court has had the benefit of extensive briefing, argument and testimony at an all-day Markman hearing.4 For the rea-

*531sons that follow, the Court construes the • disputed phrases as follows:5

*532[[Image here]]

II. BACKGROUND

A. Factual and Procedural Background 6

As this Court has summarized previously, Otsuka holds New Drug Application *533(hereinafter, “NDA”) No. 21-436, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (hereinafter, the “FDA”), for aripiprazole tablets, which Otsuka markets for the treatment of certain psychiatric conditions under the trade name Ability®. In''connection with Ability's® listing in the Orange Book, the FDA’s book of drug products approved under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (hereinafter, the “Orange Book”), 21 U.S.C. § 355(3), Otsuka" identifies, in relevant part, the ’615, the ’796, the ’760, and the ’350 Patents.7

1, Aripiprazole, Generally .

Aripiprazole, an older compound with a complex molecular structure, acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent useful for the treatment of schizophrenia, among other central nervous system disorder^.' (See) e.g., Markman Hr’g Tr. at 21:19-22:2, 39:8-12.)

2. The ’615, ’796, and ’760 Patents: Otsuka’s Aripiprazole * ■ Polymorph Patents

The ’615, the ’796, and the ’760 Patents issued on separate dates,8 but all disclose a “Low Hygroscopic Aripiprazole Drug Substance and Processes for the' Preparation Thereof.”9 (See, e.g., ’615 Patent at 1:45-52.) In simple terms, these patents claim novel forms of anhydrous aripiprazole that have low hygroscopicity. i

Prior art anhydrous' aripiprazole forms proved “significantly, hygroscopic,” meaning that the forms would readily take on water and convert to a hydrous form if exposed to moisture. (Id at 1:50-57.) As a result, these prior art forms suffered from less bioavailability and dissolubility, bateh-to-batch variability, and a “significantly decreased” shelf-life. (Id. at 1:58-2:13; see also Markman Hr’g Tr. at 33:13-24; 60:22-61:12.)

■ The novel forms disclosed by the ’615, the.’796, and the ’760 Patents claim to have solved these problems, particularly the susceptibility to moisture that plagued pri- or art anhydrous aripiprazole forms. (See, e.g., ’615 Patent at 1:45-52.) The anhydrous aripiprazole forms disclosed by these patents specifically consist of “novel anhydrous aripiprazole crystals” that have “reduced ' hygroscopicity,”10 rendering them more amenable than prior art formulations to “pharmaceutical processing and formulation,” and eiihancing their overall shelf-life, dissolubility, and bioavailability. (’615 Patent at 2:29-52; see also Markman Hr’g Tr. at' 33:7-34:4.) In other words, these ' aripiprazole-crystals have a decreased tendency to take on water, thereby enhancing the claimed aripiprazole tablets overall efficacy for the treatment of various mood disorders. (See generally Markman Hr’g Tr. at 33:7-34:4.)

The asserted claims of'the ’615, the ’796, and the ’760 Patents, in turn, teach the *534process for preparing the low hygroscopic aripiprazole (the ’615 Patent), as well as claiming two of-its forms: one’in-a pure crystal form (the ’796 Patent) and the other in a- finalized form (the ’760 Patent). Independent claim's 3 and '4 of the ’615 Patent, for example, disclose:11 • ’

3. and 4. A pharmaceutical solid oral preparation comprising Anhydrous Ari-piprazole Crystals B having low hygro-scopicity and one or more pharmaceuti-cally acceptable'carriers, wherein said low hygroscopicity is a moisture content of [0.40%/0.10%] or less after placing said Crystals for 24 hours in a desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60°C and a humidity level of Í00%; ’

wherein said crystals

have a powder x-ray diffraction spectrum having characteristic peaks at 20=11.0°, 16.6°, 19.3°, 20.3°, and 22.1°;

.have particular infrared absorption / bands at 2945, 2812, 1678, 1627, 1448, 1377, 1173, 960, and 779 cm-1. on the IR (KBr) spectrum; ,

exhibit an , endothermic peak near about 141.5°C in thermogravimetric/differen-..tial thermal analysis (heating rate 5° C/min); , ■

exhibit an endothermic peak near about 140.7°C in differential scanning calorimetry (heating rate 5°C/min); and

have a mean particle size of 50 |xm or less, wherein said pharmaceutical solid oral preparation has at least one dissolution rate selected from the group consisting 60% or more at pH 4.5 after 30 minutes, 70% or more at pH 4.5 after 60 -minutes, and 55% or more at pH 5.0 after 60 minutes.

(’615 Patent át 44:40-45:22.) The ’796 and ’760 Patents, each of which contain only two claims, then identify a specific low hygroscopic form of “anhydrous aripipra-zole crystals B” and an “aripiprazole drug substance,” both of which have a moisture content below either 0.40% or 0.10% even after being placed in a desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60° C and a humidity level of 100%. (See ’796 Patent at 44:23-32; ’760 Patent at 44:23-32.) Simply put, these forms do not take on water, despite exposure to a high-moisture environment.

3. The ’350 Patent: Otsuka’s Asserted Method of Use Patent

The ’350 Patent, by contrast, generally relates to a method of treating major, depressive disorders through the adjunctive use-of aripiprazole in conjunction with certain serotonin reuptake inhibitors (hereinafter, “SRIs”), and specifically discloses a “Carbostyril Derivatives and Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors for Treatment of Mood Disorders.”12 The Patent describes, on its face, “.pharmaceutical compositions” consisting of “carbostyril derivatives ... in combination with serotonin reuptake inhibitors in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” for the treatment of “mood disorders such as depression and major depressive disorder.” (’350 Patent at 1:18-24.)

Independent claims 1-3, in turn, teach: a pharmaceutical composition comprising ar-ipiprazole in combination with at least one serotonin reuptake inhibitor selected from citalopram, escitalopram and salts thereof. (See ’350 Patent at 28:64-29:6.) The remaining independent claims 9-llr then describe methods of treating specific mood disorders by administering an “effective *535amount” of the combination “pharmaceutical composition” disclosed in claims 1-3.13 (Id. at 29:26-30:20.) ^

4. Otsuka’s Infringement Litigation in this District

Beginning in early January 2014, the generic Defendants involved in these related infringement actions began to filé AN-DAs with the FDA, seeking approval to market generic aripiprazole tablets and/or orally disintegrating aripiprazole tablets,14 prior to the expiration of the ’615, ’796,- ‘ *536’760, ’350 Patents.15 Each Defendants’ ANDA, however, included a “paragraph iv” certification, advancing their positions that their ANDAs would not infringe any of the valid patents-in-suit, and/or a “section viii” statement, certifying that the applicant would not seek approval for any indications or uses asserted to be covered by the ’350 Patent. See Otsuka, 99 F.Supp.3d at 472-74, 484-85. In other words, each Defendant, and indeed all generic defendants in these related infringement actions, purport to seek approval for a. noninfringing aripiprazole product. See generally id.

Otspka filed infringement actions in this District, alleging that these Defendants proposed generic aripiprazole products will infringe at least one claim of the ’615,-’796, ’760, and/or th'é ’350 patents, among the other patents covering Otsuka’s Abilify® product.16

III. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION STANDARD17

Claim construction focuses upon the intrinsic evidence, “including the claims themselves, the specification, and the prosecution history of the patent.”18 Sunovion Pharm., Inc. v. Teva Pharm. USA, Inc., 731 F.3d 1271, 1276 (Fed.Cir. 2013) (citing Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 1315-17 (Fed.Cir. 2005) (en banc); Vitronics Corp. v. Conceptronic, Inc., 90 F.3d 1576, 1582 (Fed.Cir. 1996)). Claim terms,.must, however, ordinarily be “given their plain and- ordinary meanings to one of skill in the art” at the time of the invention “when read in the context of the specification and .prosecution history.” Golden Bridge Tech., Inc. v. Apple Inc., 758 F.3d 1362, 1365 (Fed.Cir. 2014) (citing Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1315-17). Nevertheless, the Court of Appeals for the Federal *537Circuit has routinely stated that ‘“[t]he construction that stays true to the claim language and most naturally aligns with the patent’s description of the invention will be, in the end, the correct construction.’” Shire Dev., LLC v. Watson Pharms., Inc., 746 F.3d 1326, 1330 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (quoting Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1316).

IV. DISCUSSION

The parties, as stated 'above, request construction of the following five phrases: (1) “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B,” (2) “mean particle size,”'(3) “wherein said low hygroscopicity is defined as a moisture content of [0.40%/0.10%] or less after placing said substanee/Crystals for 24 hours in a desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60° C and a humidity level of 100%,” (4) “aripiprazole drug substance,” and (5) “a/ the pharmaceutical composition” / “in combination with.”. The Court will address each claim phrase in turn.

A. “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B”19

The ’615, ’796, and ’760 Patents aim, as stated above, to provide “novel anhydrous aripiprazole crystals,” and specifically to disclose the inventors’ discovery of a reduced-hygroscopic crystal line form of ari-piprazole, “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B,.”20 (See, e.g., ’796 Patent at 2:47-48.)

In terms of defining ‘Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B,” the parties advance the following competing constructions:

[[Image here]]

21

In other words, Otsuka argues that the specifications should be read in the disjunctive — requiring that the crystalline form of aripiprazole be identified by reference to one or more, but not all, of the analytical tests identified in the specification. (See generally Otsuka’s Opening Claim Constr. Br, at 7-14.) In support of this position, Otsuka, armed with the opin*538ion of its expert, submits that a person of ordinary skill would, in reviewing the Patents, use “judgment and scientific reasoning” to select the “one or two” appropriate techniques to characterize the aripiprazole crystals, rather than resorting to the full panoply of characterization methods. (Ot-suka’s Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 7-14; Otsuka’s Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 3-11.) Even more, Otsuka claims that defining the term “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” by .reference to all analytical techniques would contravene the “cardinal rule” of claim construction, by importing a limitation from the specifications into the claims. (Markman Hr’g Tr, at 62:24-63:7, 118:9-119:23.) As a result, Otsuka submits that “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” should be construed as an aripiprazole form marked by “low hygroscopicity,” and identified by one or more of the characterization techniques provided in the specification. (Id. at 119:16-132:12.)

Defendants, by contrast, take the position that the specification must be read in the conjunctive, requiring that all of the enumerated characteristics be present in order to identify the claimed aripiprazole crystal form. (Defs,’ Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 4-10; Defs.’ Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 3-11.) In support of this construction, Defendants, supported by their own experts, submit that the spec-, ideation .contains an express definition of the novel “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B,” and therefore contend that their proposed construction rightly incorporates the -specification in its entirety.22 (See Markman Hr’g Tr. at 158:21-179:20.)

The Court begins by- noting that the parties and their experts all acknowledge that a person of ordinary skill in the art would ordinarily identify a polymorph form through one or more of the illustrative characterization techniques identified in the-specifications, namely, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (hereinafter, “NMR”), x-ray powder diffraction (hereinafter, “XRPD”), infrared spectroscopy (hereinafter, “IR”), thermo-gravimetric/differential thermal analysis (hereinafter, ' “TGA/DTA”), differential scanning calorimetry (hereinafter, “DSC”), and hygroscopicity testing, (See, e.g., Markman Hr’g Tr. at 31:4-16 (testimony of Otsuka’s expert, Dr. Byrn, concerning his practice of selecting “one or two of the best methods”); 84:8-85:16 (testimony of Defendants’ expert, Dr. .Buckton, concerning his view that a scientist would “look at a raft of techniques for a particular material and depending [up]on the complexity ... would [then] decide which would be the appropriate techniques for that material”), 90:2-8 (testimony of Dr. Buckton concerning the ability to identify polymorphs without reference to the “large suite of techniques”); see also Byrn Dec. at ¶¶ 41-46.) Indeed, the parties’ experts and their own submissions plainly reflect the industry practice of selecting the one or two most appropriate characterization methods based upon the nature of . the tested material. (See, e.g., id. at 57:20-58:12.)

Nevertheless, the parties and their experts equally recognize that each analytical technique produces slightly different information relative to the identification of the *539polymorphic form (gee, e.g., id. at 23:11-13, 31:12-16, 57:20-58:12), and consistently, assert that the appropriate construction of the phrase “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crys-tais B” flows directly from some portion of the following language in the specifications:23

[[Image here]]

(See ’615 Patent at 9:36-63; ’760 Patent at 9:37-63; ’796 Patent at 9:34-60.)

The ’615, ’796, and ’760 Patents each state, in their introductory sections, that their disclosures define “Anhydrous Aripi-prazole Crystals B” for purposes of the claimed inventions. (See ’615 Patent at 2:32-35 (noting that the ’615 Patent identifies a novel form of aripiprazole defined as “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B”); ’760 Patent at 2:31-34 (same); ’796 Patent at 2:28-31 (same).) The portion of the specifications relied upon by all parties then *540state, in clear language and under a heading bearing the title “Characterization of Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B,” that the ‘“Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B’ of the present invention as used herein have the physicochemical properties given in (6)-(12) below.” (See ’615 Patent at 9:36-63; 760 Patent at 9:37-63; 796 Patent at 9:34-60.) Following that disclosure, the specifications delineate six, non-conditional physicochemical properties — or, in simpler terms, characterization techniques — in successively numbered paragraphs.

In that way, these portions of the specifications contain all of the features that signify a special definition of “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” that requires all of the specified physicochemical properties (as advanced by Defendants), and not merely one or more (as claimed by Otsu-ka). See AstraZeneca LP v. Apotex, Inc., 633 F.3d 1042, 1051-52 (Fed.Cir. 2010) (discussing special definitions revealed by specifications). Indeed, the mandatory language of the specifications, along with them structures, lead to the simple conclusion that the patentee intended to provide the phrase “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” with a particular meaning for purposes of the ’615, 796, and 760 Patents. Critically, the specifications not only set off the term “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” with quotation marks — a strong indication, by itself, that the disclosures that follow constitute a definition— they also specifically state that the term has a particular meaning in the context of the patents-in-suit.24 (See, e.g., ’615 Patent at 9:37-38 (“’Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B’ of the present invention as used herein ... ”) (emphasis added); 760 Patent at 9:37-38 (same); 796 Patent at 9:37-38 (same).) See Abbott Labs. v. Andrx Pharms., Inc., 473 F.3d 1196, 1210-11 (Fed.Cir. 2007) (explaining that a patentee may expressly define certain claims’ terms through the use of quotation marks and phrases like “as used herein”). Numbered paragraphs (6) through (12) then teach the specific contours of each analytical test, but provide no support for the flexible interpretation proposed by Otsuka. Nor any corresponding indication (like, for example, the inclusion of “or” between each numbered paragraph) that the characterization techniques should be viewed as interchangeable. Rather, these portions of the specification squarely reflect that the novel “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” are those identified by each of the characterization techniques.

This construction then finds further support in the remainder of the specifications. The disclosures’ examples, for instance, consistently describe “Anhydrous Aripi-prazole Crystals B” by reference to all of the characterization methods. Indeed, Example 2 provides:

*541Example 2

450 g of the Aripiprazole Hydrate A (powder) obtained m. Example 1 was dried for'24 hours at 100° C- using a hot air dryer to produce 427 g (yield 98.7%) of Anhydrous Aripipra-zole Crystals B.

'fheso Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals H had a melting point (mp) of 139.7° C ' '

The Anhydrous .Aripiprazole Crystals JB obtained above had an ^-NMR spectrum (D>MSO-dfi, TMS) which was sub- . stantially the some as tlxeH-NMR spectrum, shown in FIG. 4. Specifically, they had characteristic peaks at 1.55-1.63 ppm (in, 2i I), 1.68-1.78 ppm (m, 211), 2.35-2.46 ppm (m, 411), 2.48-2.56 ppm, (m, 4H+DMSO), 2,78 ppm (t, -J-7.4 Hz, 2H)S 2.97 ppm (fort, J-4.6 Hz, 4H), 3.92 ppm (t, J-=-6.3 Hz, 2B), 6.43 ppm (d, J-2.4 Hz, HI); 6.49 ppm (dd, J-8.4 Hz, J-2.4 Hz, 11.1), 7.04 ppin <d, J-8.1 Liz, .1H ), 7.11 - 7,17 ppm (ra, IH), 7.28-7.32 ppm (m, 2H) and, 10.CK) ppm (s, l tl).

The Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B obtained above had ft powder x-ray diffraction spectrum which was substantially the same as the powder x-ray diffraction, spectrum shown in FIG. 5. Specifically, they had characteristic peaks at 20-i 2.0°, 16.6°, 19.3°, 20.3° and 22.1°. - ■ -

The Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B obtained above had remarkable infrared absorption bands at 2945, 2812, 1678, 1627, 1448, 1377, 11.73, 960 and 779 cm"1 on die IR (KBr) spectrum.

'Hie Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B obtained above exhibited an endothermic peak near about 141.5“ C. in ther-mogravimetric/diilbrential thermal analysis,

"Hus Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B obtained above exhibited an endothermic peak near about 140.7° C. ixt differential scanning calorimetry.

Even when the Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals 13 obtained above were fell for 24 hours in a dessicator set at humidity 100%, temperature 60° C., they did not exhibit hygroseopicity exceeding 0.4% (See Table 1 below).

(See, e.g., ’615 Patent at 26:2-37.) In other words, Example 2 describes “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” based upon the results of all , of the characterization techniques, namely, NMR, XRPD, IR, TGA/ DTA, DSC, and hygroseopicity. (See, e.g., ’796 Patent at 26:1-28:15.) Dependent Examples 2 through 10 then consistently state that the “hygroscopic anhydrous ari-piprazole crystals” obtained through various methods exhibited “the same ... phy-sicochemical properties of the Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B.” (See, e.g,, ’615 Patent at 26:39-28:16 (emphasis added).) This consistent usage lends itself to only one conclusion,25 namely, that the patentee *542especially defined this term to require that the novel crystals be identified by each crystalline characterization technique.26 See Metrologic Instruments, Inc. v. PSC Inc., No. 99-4876, 2003 WL 22077652, at *9 (D.N.J. Aug. 26, 2003) (citing Bell Atl. Network Serv., Inc. v. Covad Comm. Grp., 262 F.3d 1258, 1273 (Fed.Cir. 2001)).

Moreover, even in the absence of this consistent language, the' Court finds creditable Defendants’ position that Otsuka has, on numerous occasions, admitted that “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” should be defined by reference to five analytical techniques, and not the “one dr more” construction it advances here. Indeed, in prosecuting the European equivalent of the ’615, ’796, and the ’760 Patents, EP1330249 (hereinafter, “EP1”), Otsuka repeatedly defined the “Aripiprazole anhydrous form B” disclosed in the EP1 in terms of its “XRD pattern, the IR spectrum, the endothermic peak in thermogra-vimetric/differential thermo analysis, the endothermic peak in DSC and, most importantly, the low hygroscopicity.” (Ex. K to Second Buckton Dec. at 1 (emphasis in original); see also Second Buckton Dec. at ¶¶ 19-22.)

In other words, Otsuka insisted, in connection, with an indisputably familial pat-en^ that the five crystal characterization techniques — XRPD, IR, TGA/DTA, DSC, and low hygroscopicity — together, and not alone, defined “Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B” from other crystal forms.27 The EP1 has substantively similar claims, contains a similar specification, and proves entirely consistent with the invention described by the specification of the ’615,-’796, and ’760 Patents. Therefore, the Court finds that Otsuka’s statements to the EPO lend even further support for the construction supported by th& specification.28 See Baxter Healthcare Corp. v. HQ *543Specialty Pharma Corp., 133 F.Supp.3d 692, 703-04, 2015 WL 5646779, at *9 (D.N.J. Sept. 23, 2015) (citing instructive cases, and holding the patentee to its clear statements before the EPO).

For all of these reasons, the Court finds that the specification explicitly teaches that the phrase should be construed by reference to all of the analytical tests,29 and will adopt Defendants’ proposed construction (in slightly modified form).30 See In re Papst Licensing Digital Camera Patent Litig., 778 F.3d 1255, 1261 (Fed.Cir. 2015) (explaining that district courts should adopt the construction that ‘stays true to the claim language and most naturally aligns with the patent’s description of the invention').

B. ‘mean particle size'31

Asserted claim 3 of the ’615 Patent generally discloses, in relevant part, low hygroscopic Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B, where in these Crystals ‘have a mean particle size of 50 p.m or less...‘ (’615 Patent at 44:59 (emphasis added).) With respect to the phrase ‘mean particle size/ the parties advance the following competing constructions:

*544[[Image here]]

32, 33

Otsuka argues, in particular, that the intrinsic record make “clear that a person of ordinary skill in the art would readily have understood that ‘mean particle size’ refers to volume mean particle size,” particularly because the claims teach that “mean particle size” should be measured using a “laser diffraction particle size analyzer.” (Otsuka’s Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 12 (citation omitted).) Defendants, by contrast, take the position that the term proves “indefinite” (or, incapable of construction), because it’s amenable to multiple meanings. (Defs.’ Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 12-15; Defs.’ Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 11-16.) Defendants specifically argue that the ordinary artisan would, in reviewing the disclosures, confront a number of unresolved issues that “directly affect the output of the particle size analysis,” particularly given the array of possible interpretations for the terms “‘means’ .and ‘sizes.’”34 (Defs.’ Opening Claim Constr. Br; at 14-15.)

’ The parties’ construction positions hinge upon issues of indefmiteness, an area of law that has undergone fundamental changes following Nautilus, Inc. v. Biosig Instruments, Inc., — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 2120, 189 L.Ed.2d 37 (2014), which is next addressed.

1. Standard for Indefiniteness

“A patent must ’conclude with one ór more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as [the] invention.’” Media Rights Techs., Inc. v. Capital One Fin. Corp., 800 F.3d 1366, 1371 (Fed.Cir. 2015) (citing 35 U.S.C. § 112). A claim fails to satisfy this statutory requirement and proves “invalid for indefiniteness if its *545language, when read in light of the specification and-the prosecution history, ‘fail[s] to inform, with reasonable certainty, those skilled in the art about the scope of the invention.”’35 Media Rights Techs., Inc., 800 F.3d at 1371 (quoting Nautilus, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. at 2124).

A claim may, for example, prove indefinite if its language “might mean-several different things” and the patent itself identifies “no informed and confident choice ... among the contending definitions.” Nautilus, — U.S. -, 135 S.Ct. at 2130 n.8. Stated differently, in order to overcome an indefiniteness challenge, “the patent and prosecution history must disclose a single known approach or establish that, where multiple known approaches exist, a person having ordinary skill in the art would know which approach to select.”36 Dow Chemical Co. v. Nova Chemicals Corp (Canada), 803 F.3d 620, 630 (Fed.Cir. 2015) (citation omitted); see, also Teva Pharms. USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc., 789 F.3d 1335 (Fed.Cir. 2015) (same). In conceptualizing this framework, the Court finds two recent Federal. Circuit decisions — both of which concern the indefiniteness of measurements — instructive.

In Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc., 789 F.3d 1335 (Fed.Cir. 2015), the Federal Circuit applied the legal standards set forth in Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc., — U.S. -, 135 S.Ct. 831, — L.Ed.2d - (2015) and Nautilus, Inc. v. Biosig Instruments, Inc. — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 2120, 2124, 189 L.Ed.2d 37 (2014), in order to resolve the question of indefiniteness- regarding a claim- limitation of U.S. Patent No. 5,800, 808 (the “’808 patent”) — “molecular weight of about 5 to 9 kilodaltons.” 789 F.3d at 1338. The Teva parties agreed that “molecular weight” could refer to peak average molecular weight (Mp), number average molecular weight (Mn), and weight average molecular weight (Mw), and that each of those measures required a different calculation and would typically yield “a different result for -a given polymer sample.” Id. at 1338. The ’808 patent specification, however, did not expressly define “molecular weight,” nor did it use the terms Mp, M„, or Mw. Id. Even more, the prosecution history contained inconsistent statements, with the patentee stating in one instance that “molecular weight” referred to Mw, and in another than it meant Mp. Id. at 1345. As a result, the -Teva court found the term indefinite, despite testimony from the patentee’s expert that someone skilled in the art could, despite any ambiguity, have determined the intended measure. Id. at 1338, 1341, 1344-45.

Most recently, in Dow Chemical Co. v. Nova Chemicals Corp. (Canada), 803 F.3d 620 (Fed.Cir. 2015), the Federal Circuit again applied the recent Supreme Court decisions (as well as its own decision in *546Teva) to resolve the question of indefiniteness regarding a claim limitation of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,847,054 (the “’053 Patent”) and 6,111,023 (the “’023 Patent”) — “a slope of strain hardening coefficient greater than or equal to 1.3.” Id. at 625-26i Similar to Teva, the phrase “slope of strain hardening” proved testable by at least “four methods,” each of which would “produce different results, i.e., a different slope.” IdL at 633. The intrinsic records, however, provided no guidance about “which method should be used.” Id. As a result, the Federal Circuit found the' claim limitations indefinite, .despite the testimony from the patentee’s expert that one of ordinary skill, in reviewing the specification, would have known to select ■ the method the expert himself developed. Id. at 634-35. Commenting further on its earlier decision in the Teva case, the Federal Circuit noted in Dow that particularly “where difference approaches to' measurements are involved,” id. at 630-31 (citing Teva, 789 F.3d at 1341, 1344-45), the post-Nautilus standard requires that “’[t]he claims, when read in light of the specification and the prosecution history, must provide objective boundaries for those of skill in the. art.’” Dow Chemical Co., 803 F.3d at 630 (quoting Interval Licensing LLC v. AOL, Inc., 766 F.3d 1364, 1371 (Fed.Cir. 2010) (citing Nautilus, 134 S.Ct. at 2130 & n. 8))).

2. The ’615 Patent fails to inform, with reasonable certainty, the meaning of the phrase “mean particle size”

In applying this standard here, the Court finds that the facts of Teva and Dow closely resemble the claim limitation at issue here — “mean particle size,” - Indeed, even a cursory inspection of the intrinsic record demonstrates that the ’615 Patent fails to provide the required guidance.

Indeed, Otsuka readily acknowledges the susceptibility of “mean particle size” to multiple measurements, each' of which could yield varied results. (See Otsuka’s Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 16-17; Otsu-ka’s Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 12-18.) Nevertheless, Otsuka submits that the ’615 Patent, when viewed through the eyes of the person of ordinary skill in the art, reveals-that “mean particle size” -refers to “volume mean particle size.” (Otsu-ka’s Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 16.) In support of this position, Otsuka points to a narrow portion of the specification that identifies a laser diffraction particle size analyzer,37 and then to asserted dependent claims 15 and 16, both of which contain the limitation that the “mean particle size [be] measured using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer.” (’615 Patent-at 48:1-6.) Ot-suka then argues that an ordinary artisan would, based upon industry literature, understand the reference to “particle size analysis via laser diffraction.methods” as an instruction to construe “mean particle size!’ as. “volume mean particle size.”38 (Ot-suka’s. Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 16.)

The Court notes that only the asserted dependent claims of the ’615 Patent, claims 15 and 16, limit particle size measurement to the laser diffraction technique. (See id. at 44:40-45:22.) The specification, however, *547specifically refers to a laser diffraction particle analyzer, and for that reason, the Court will presume that the ’615 Patent overall instructs that particle size be measured by such technique.

Nevertheless, it remains undisputed that' the laser diffraction measurement technique generates two “mean” measures: a volume weighted mean and a surface area weighted mean. (See, e.g., Second Buckton Dec. at ¶¶ 30-34, 40-41; Byrn Dep. at 200-01; Markman Hr’g Tr. at 76:19-22.) Despite these alternate measures, the parties’ experts appear to agree, at least superficially, that the volume weighted mean constitutes one of the more frequently used measures for particle size analysis. (See, . e.g., Markman Hr’g Tr. at 77:9-12; Byrn Dec. at ¶ 58 (arguing- that secondary sources reflect the understanding a. person of ordinary skill in the art would have had at the time of filing that “mean particle size” refers to the volume mean particle size).) A closer inspection of their various submissions, however, reveals the lack of uniform understanding in the relevant scientific community. -

Specifically, Otsuka’s expert, Dr. Byrn, states in his declaration that “volume mean particle size” constitutes the default meaning of “mean particle size” to one of ordinary skill. (See Byrn Dec. at ¶¶.55-58; but see Byrn Dep. at 200:5-209 (discussing d(0.5) or the median distribution).) In reviewing a typical laser diffraction results analysis report during his deposition, however, Dr. Byrn took the position that “mean particle size” refers to the median volume distribution, or d(0.5), not the “volume weighted mean” or the “surface weighted mean,” and that such approach comported with the ordinary understanding. (Byrn Dep. at 200:5-209) Defendants’ expert, Dr. Buckton, then testified that the “median is the most frequently used” measurement for particle size analysis (Markman Hr’g Tr. at 77:9-12 (emphasis added)), but acknowledges that “the volume-weighted mean” serves as the “the most frequently” presented mean. (Buck-ton Dep. at 424:4-9; see also Second Buck-ton Dec. at ¶39 (stating that volume weighted mean “is the most frequently used mean value, in [his] experience”).)

Even more, the ’615 Patent makes nó connection between “mean particle size” and volumetric measures (although it speaks in terms of volume in unrelated contexts), and therefore provides no information from which to divine, with reasonable certainty, the appropriate measure of the “mean” for purposes of the ’615 Patent. (See generally ’615 Patent at 19:38-40.) ‘

Nor does the ’615 Patent instruct on the manner in which to- characterize the “size” of the particle (see generally ’615 Patent at 22:51-55), which can be defined by reference to any one of the following measures:

*548[[Image here]]

(Ex. S to Second Buckton Dec.)39 In other words, a person of ordinary skill would be left to guess on how best to characterize particle size, among the array of possible descriptions.

In order to fill these gaps in the intrinsic record, Otsuka resorts entirely to the opinion of its own expert, Dr. Byrn. (See generally Byrn Dec. at ¶ 58; see also Otsuka’s Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 13 (arguing that “[n]one of Defendants’ allegations prove Dr. Byrn wrong”).) Nevertheless “a claim term is indefinite if it ’leave[s] the skilled artisan to consult the ’unpredictable vagaries of any one person’s opinion,”’ Dow Chem. Co., 803 F.3d at 635 (quoting Interval Licensing LLC v. AOL, Inc., 766 F.3d 1364, 1371 (Fed.Cir. 2014)), and Otsu-ka’s reliance upon Dr. Byrn requires just that.

In this case, the wording of the claim term “mean” and specification may be construed as designating an instrument by which to conduct a measurement of “mean particle size,” but nothing therein guides the skilled practitioner whether to utilize the “volume weighted mean” or the “surface weighted mean” that such a device reports as measurements. The choice of “volume” or “surface” matters because each type lends to a different result. Looking then to extrinsic evidence, Otsuka has not demonstrated that “volume weighted mean” is the default measurement that the ordinary skilled practitioner would select, given the clear absence of a convergence upon that convention in the field; this is the hallmark of an indefinite term. Similarly, as discussed above, the words “particle size” are likewise indefinite, as there are multiple accepted aspects of “size,” each *549yielding a different result, and the intrinsic and extrinsic evidence does not narrow the field to the one aspect meant to establish the boundary of the invention, as discussed above.

For these reasons, the Court finds the term “mean particle size” indefinite. See Teva Pharms. USA, Inc., 789 F.3d at 1344— 45 (finding the term “molecular weight” indefinite); Dow Chemical Co., 803 F.3d at 634-35 (finding the claim term including the phrase “slope of strain” indefinite).

C. “wherein said low hygroscopicity is defined as a moisture content of [0.40%/0.10%] or less after placing said substance/Crystals for 24 hours in á desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60 °C and a humidity level of 100%”40

Exemplar claims 3 and 4 of the ’615 Patent disclose “A pharmaceutical solid oral preparation comprising Anhydrous Aripiprazole Crystals B having low hygro-scopicity and one or. more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, wherein said low hygroscopicity is a moisture content of [0.40%/0.10%] or less after placing said Crystals for 24 hours in a desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60 C and a humidity level of 100%.. .”41 (’615 Patent at 44:40-45:22 (emphasis added).) With respect to the meaning of this phrase, the parties advance the following competing constructions:

*550[[Image here]]

42, 43

Otsuka and Defendants (other than Teva, Prinston, Zydus, Aurobindo, and Arnneal) substantively agree that a person of ordinary skill in the art would, look to the specification of the ’615, the ’796, and the ’760 Patents, in order to. guide their understanding of the disputed claim phrase. (See, e.g., Otsuka’s Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 18-19; Otsuka’s Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 19-20; Defs.’ Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 17; Markman Hr’g Tr. at 63:18-22.) These parties rely, in particular upon the following portion of the specifications:

(7) Hygroscopicity-Test Method

One g of the sample was accurately weighed in a weighing bottle (diameter 5 cm), covered with kimwipes and left to rest in a 60 °C/100% RH environment (water/dessicator). 24 hours later, the weighing bottle was removed, transferred to an environment of a room temperature and about 30% RH (magnesium chloride hexahydrate saturated water solution/dessicator) and left to rest for 24 hours and the water content of the sample was measured by the Karl Fischer method.

(See ’615 Patent at 22:56-64 (emphasis added); ’796 Patent at 22:59-67; ’760 Patent at 22:56-64.) ,

More specifically, these parties agree that because the disputed claim phrase defines the novelty of reduced hygroscop-icity, it necessarily incorporates the “Hy-groscopicity-Test Method” described by the specification. These parties diverge, however, on whether the specification should be read to account for ‘“reasonable variations’ in the ‘Hygroscopicity-Test Method’” (as argued by Otsuka), or whether the specification should be read as the strict definition of the disclosed test method (as argued by Defendants).44 Teva, Prinston, Zydus, Aurobindo, and Arnneal (hereinafter, the “indefinite Defendants”), by contrast, argue that the phrase defines itself, and therefore requires no construction, much less the importation of a claim limitation from the specification (i.e., any incorporation of the “Hygroscopicity-Test *551Method”). (Defs.’ Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 19-23.) . ‘ - -i

The asserted claims and the specification closely track in language, as reflected in the following illustration:

[[Image here]]

Given the substantive. similarities, the Court finds that a person of ordinary skill in the art would recognize that the claim language itself contains both a definition of “low hygroscopicity” and an unmistakable reference to the “Hygroscopicity Test Method” in the specification.45 See Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1313 (“Importantly, the person of ordinary skill in the art is deemed to read the claim term not only in the"Context of the particular claim in which the disputed term appears, but in the .context of the entire patent, including the specification.”). In that way, the specification simply explains, in greater detail and under a heading entitled “Hygroscopicity Test Method,” the actual steps involved in testing the hygroscopicity of the claimed invention.46 (See also Buckton Dec. at ¶¶ 25-2(3; Byrn Dep. at 182:6.)

For that reason, the Court will adopt Defendants construction.47

*552D. “aripiprazole drug substance”

• The phrase “aripiprazole drug substance” appears in asserted claims 1 and 2 of the ’760 Patent, a Patent that discloses, on its face, “an improved form of aripipra-zole having reduced hygroscopicity.” (’760 Patent at 1:21-23 (emphasis added).) In other words, the ’760 Patent teaches a tablet.

The asserted claims, in turn, describe an “Aripiprazole drug substance of low hygro-scopicity wherein- said low hygroscopicity is a moisture content .of [0.40%/0.10%] or less after placing said Crystals for 24 hours in a desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60 °C and a humidity level, of 100%.” (Id. at44:23-32.)

With respect to this claim term, the parties advance the following competing constructions:

[[Image here]]

The parties’ dispute on this claim .term turns, in essence, upon whether “aripipra-zole drug substance” refers only to the aripiprazole compound, aripiprazole in its finalized formulation, and/or aripiprazole in either capacity.48 (See Markman Hr’g Tr. at 140:23-147:13.)

Nevertheless, the Court finds that “ari-piprazole drug substance” requires no elaborate interpretation. Indeed, claims 1 and 2 of the ’760 Patent identify the claimed invention as “Aripiprazole drug substance of low -hygroscopicity wherein said low hygroscopicity is a moisture content of [0.40%/0.10%] or less after placing said Crystals for 24 hours in a desiccator maintained at a temperature of 60 C and a humidity level of 100%.” (’760 Patent at 44:23-32.) In that way, the language makes clear that the “Aripiprazole drug' substance” claimed in the ’760 Patent broadly describes aripiprazole as the active ingredient of the finalized formulation.49 The formulation examples, in turn, teach that “[t]he following examples used aripiprazole drug substance made , by first milling or pulverizing the conventional hydrate of ari-piprazole and then heating it to form the anhydrous form (anhydrous aripiprazole crystals b),” (Id. at 40:43-46.) The specification therefore makes clear that “aripi-prazole drug substance” also refers, more broadly, to.the aripiprazole compound pri- or to incorporation into its final formulations. -

*553As a result, the Court finds that a person of ordinary skill in the art would, upon reviewing the language of the ’760 Patent in its entirety, conclude that “aripiprazole drug substance” means a drug substance that consists of aripiprazole, either in pure chemical form or as the active chemical ingredient in finalized form. (See Byrn Dep. at 92:10-19.)50

E. “a/the pharmaceutical composition” / “in combination with”51

In its TRO Opinion, the Court addressed, at great length, the appropriate construction of the phrase “pharmaceutical composition,” as recited in the asserted claims of the ’350 Patent. See Otsuka, '99 F.Supp.3d at 477-83. In connection with the pending Markman submissions, Otsu-ka, in essence, requests that the Court revisit its “preliminary” TRO construction, but largely reiterates positions this Court previously rejected, and again ignores the explicit teachings of its own specification.52 (See generally Otsuka’s Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 21-26; Otsuka’s Responsive Claim Constr. Br. at 26-34.) Defendants, by contrast, urge the Court to maintain its previous construction. (See, e.g., Defs.’ Opening Claim Constr. Br. at 30-33

The Court finds no reason to depart from its preliminary, but otherwise comprehensive, construction, and again concludes that the disputed phrase requires no elaborate construction.53 Indeed, the claim language leaves little to thé imagination, and requires no more than application of the widely accepted meaning of commonly understood words. ‘Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1314.

Indeed, the claims of the ’350 Patent contain identical terms, all of which support this Court’s prior construction, as illustrated below:

*554[[Image here]]

54

(’350 Patent at 28:64-30:48.)

*555Several features critically relevant to construction immediately emerge from' even a cursory inspection of the plain, claim language, namely, the consistent .inclusion of “a pharmaceutical composition” in the singular, followed by grammatically, uninterrupted identification of the composition’s at least two component parts.- See Credle v. Bond, 25 F.3d 1566, 1571. (Fed.Cir. 1994) (stating that “grammatical structure and syntax” of the claim can be important evidence for claim construction). Indeed, taken together, the phrases “a pharmaceutical composition” and “in combination with,” when followed by-an unequivocal, delineation of the required parts, provide a clear indication that the asserted claims of the ’350 Patent refer to a single pharmaceutical composition or dosage comprised of multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients. See, e.g., Research Plastics, Inc. v. Fed. Packaging Corp., 421 F.3d 1290, 1295 (Fed.Cir. 2005) (“[C]laim terms are presumed to be' used consistently throughout the patent, Such that the usage of a term in one claim can often illuminate the meaning of the- same term' in'-other claims.”); see also Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1314 (noting that “the use of a term within the claim [can] provide a firm basis for construing the term”). ■

The overall structure of the ’350 Patent, throughout its Various sequential components, then consistently and repeatedly teaches that the claimed invention concerns a single dosage form, comprised of two active ingredients.

Indeed, the ’350 patent describes the invention at the outset in its abstract as a “pharmaceutical composition” comprised,of “(1) a carbostyril derivative,” either “aripi-prazole or a metabolite,” together with “(2) a- serotonin reuptake inhibitor,” e.g., citalo-pram- and/or escitalopram, “in a - [single] pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.” (See ■ ’350 Patent at Abstract (emphasis added).) In the disclosure of the invention, the ’350 patent then-reiterates that the claimed invention consists -of at least two ingredients “in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.” (Id. at 2:66-6:17:)'.

Identical' disclosures appear in the Detailed'Description, which‘describes in detail the “first” and “sécónd” ingredients, “contained,” “combined,”- or “mixed” in the single “pharmaceutical composition.” (See, e.g„ id. at 6:47-55, 10:52-57, 11:47-48 (“Combination of the First Ingredient with the Second. Ingredient”), 13:56-62' (“the amounts of the first ingredient and the second ingredient to.be contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention...”), and 20:27-41 (describing aripiprazole in a combined administration with citalopram and/or escitalopram).) Indeed, the introduction of: the Detailed Description states that, “[t]he,pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a first ingredient..comprising a car-bostyil derivative active as a. dopamine-serotonin system stabilizer and a second ingredient comprising ■ a serotonin reup-take inhibitor, in a pharmaceutically ..acceptable carrier.” (id. at .6:47-51 (emphasis added).) In that regard, the syntax of the introduction alone indicates that the single “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier’,’- describes and limits the- preceding composition to a carrier, or dosage, comprised, of two ingredients. Even, more, however, the Detailed Description contains the following illustrative subheadings: “The Pharmaceutical Composition: The First Ingredient,” *556i.e., aripiprazole, “The Pharmaceutical Composition: The Second Ingredient,” i.e., a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and “Combination of the First Ingredient with the Second Ingredient,” i.e., a combination of aripiprazole and an SRI, and preferably-“a combination of aripiprazole/citalopram.” (Id. at 6:56, 10:52, 11:47-59.) Imbedded within these six columns, the Patent'uniformly treats the claimed invention as a single “combination” dosage, and specifically delineates, the preferred weight ratio “of the first ingredient to the second ingredient” as generally, “about 1 to 70 parts by weight, preferably about 1 to 30 parts by weight of the first ingredient and the second ingredient in the total amount on the basis of the pharmaceutical composition.” (See id. at 11:58-59, 12:61-63, 13:59-61.)

The eighteen “non-limiting formulation examples of (aripiprazole” then uniformly disclose formulations for “the [claimed] tablet” that contain multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients, namely aripipra-zole combined with at least one SRI, together in a single “tablet.” (Id. at-20:46-25:17 (emphases added); see-also 11:54-58 (setting forth a non-exhaustive list of the relevant SRIs).)

Otsuka does not genuinely dispute the volume and pervasiveness of these consistent intrinsic references to a composition in a single dosage form.55 Rather, it súb-mits that the Court’s construction must take into account the undisputed extrinsic reality that psychiatrists do not, as a practical matter, prescribe single dosage forms of antipsychotics and antidepressants. (See, e.g., Markman Hr’g Tr. at 36:6-18, 104:9-105:7; Correll Dec. at ¶ 22.) Rather, psychiatrists prefer to engage in combination therapy, i.e., to prescribe an antipsy-chotic in a separate dosage form from the antidepressant, in order to have the ability to titrate the dosages based upon the individual reactions of certain patients. (See, e,g., Markman Hr’g' Tr. at 36:6-37:11, 104:9-105:7.) Indeed, combination therapy appears to be the predominant method of treating mood disorders. (See Markman Hr’g Tr. at 104:18-20; Correll Dep. at 44:17-24 (“Combination therapy is more the rule than the exception in psychiatry, as it is in many areas of medicine, where one medication alone is not good enough.”).) Nevertheless, the ■ disputed claim phrase need not be construed in accordance with its most successful commercial form, and it ■ remains true that there is at least one other commercially-successful- product, Symbyax®, that combines “an atypical antipsychotic” with a “serotonin reuptake inhibitor,” all while providing physicians the ability to titrate. [See Docket Item 200.] See also Chef Am., *557Inc. v. Lamb-Weston, Inc., 358 F.3d 1371, 1373 (Fed.Cir. 2004) (“[E]ven if, ... construing the patent ... produces a nonsensical result, the court cannot rewrite the claims. Plaintiffs patent could have easily been written to reflect the construction plaintiff attempts to give it today.”)

The amount of intrinsic evidencé that consistently discloses a single' dosage form can hardly be described as anything less than substantial, and the Court again finds no support for Otsuka’s position that- the “pharmaceutical composition” identified by the ’350 Patent should be construed to teach that aripiprazole and the at least one SRI (namely, escitalopram and/or eitalo-pram) may be presented in separate and/or multiple dosage forms. For all of these reasons, the Court construes the phrase to refer to a single dosage form, or “pharmaceutical composition,” containing at least two active ingredients: aripiprazole and at least one of citalopram,' eseitalo-pram and salt thereof.

y. CONCLUSION

An accompanying Order will be entered.