Opinion of the court delivered by

It is insisted by the counsel for the defendant, that the submission was improperly made a rule of this court; that before it was so done, there had been such an alteration made-in the original agreement, as amounted to a new submission : that other arbitrators had been substituted by the parties, by whom an award had actually been made:—that f-he writing substituting such new arbitrators, contained no agreement that the submission to them should be made a rule of court: and the counsel contended that in such case, the parties must be left to their legal remedy : in support of this objection, he referred us to Bao. abr. tit. arbitrament and award.

That “ it is not too late to make a submission a rule of court, after an award made,” we decided in Hazen v. Addis, 2 Green, R. 333, and I am satisfied with that decision. Whether we can' make a submission a rule of court, after the original agreement to submit, has been altered by the parties, by changing the arbitrators or otherwise, is another question. The original submission, and which, it was agreed should be made a rule of court, was to three certain persons : the last submission, was to one of those three and to two others associated with him : and if is certainly true, that in the two agreements substituting other arbitrators in the places of those first named, there is no agreement-, in terms, that the submission to such new and substituted arbitrators, shall be made a rule of court. But the substitutions were endorsed on the original submission and agreement, and expressly refer to what is therein contained—without such reference, the indorsements would be unmeaning. By such reference, the original submission and all the terms of it, became part of, and incorporated into the new agreements ; so that the award of the three arbitrators last named, or of any two of them, of and concerning the matters mentioned in the original submission, should be final and conclusive, and that such submission should be made a rule of court. If the last indorsement refers to and adopts the original agreement, as a valid and subsisting agreement between the parties, for the purpose of making itself intelligible, it must by all fair course of reasoning, be considered as adopting it entire, except so far as that original agreement is expressly altered or rescinded, or rendered inconsistent with the new arrangement.

*343The case of Jenkins v. Laq, 8 Ter. R. 87, was not like this.— The submission had been made a rule of court, pursuant to the agreement of parties, before a-ny award had been made. After-wards, by an indorsement on the bond, the parties enlarged the time for makingtheaward without adding that this newagreement should be made a rule of court. The arbitrators awarded within the enlarged time, and a rule for an attachment was refused. But even that case has been overruled. In Evans v. Thompson, 5 East, 189, the parties by a general indorsement on the bonds, enlarged the time, and the court held, that such agreement included all the terms of the original submission to which it had reference, and amongst others, the agreement to make the same a rule of court.

In that case, Lord Ellenborough said, in reference to the case of Jenkins v. Law, the objection appeared to have been given way to, on the concession (as the fact was) of counsel: and that upon conferring (with a view to uniformity of practice on this subject) with most of the Judges of the other courts at Westminster Hall, they were of opinion that that case could not be supported : and see Watson on arbits. and awards, 85, in 11 Law Lib. 44.

In the next place it is insisted that the plaintiff’s right to an attachment, for not paying the sum awarded, is not ex debito justitice, but a matter at the discretion of the court. (Bac. abr. tit. arbit. and award, letter II.:) that an attachment is not granted now in cases like this, as for a contempt of the court, but is in the nature of a civil execution. Bac. abr. tit. attachment, let. A. 285 ; The King v. Myers, 1 T. R. 265. And that therefore, the court ought not to grant this attachment, simply on the ground that the party has not paid the money. He may be unable to do so, and then his imprisonment will be perpetual: whereas if the plaintiff proceeds against him in an action upon the award, he may, if insolvent, be relieved from imprisonment.

Nevertheless an attachment for not performing an award, strictly speaking is a criminal proceeding, though in some respects it is considered as in the nature of civil process. Wats, on arb. and awards, sect. III. p. 183. It is, however, under the control of the court, and upon a proper case made, such as insolvency of the defendant, clearly established, it might be re*344fused, and the plaintiff left to his remedy on the arbitration bond, or the award. But here the defendant sets up no excuse for not obeying the award. It is not enough for his counsel to say, that he may be a bankrupt or unable to pay.

He has refused obedience to the rule of this court, without offering any excuse for doing so, or shewing any cause why an attachment, pursuant to the statute, should not issue against him. Let the rule be made absolute.

jRule absolute.

Cited in Den, Hendrickson v. Hendrickson, 3 Harr. 367.