Molasky v. Garfinkle
Molasky v. Garfinkle
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
Plaintiffs, individually and in a representative capacity (hereafter “Molaskys”), have, for more than ten years, owned and continue to own shares of common stock in Ancorp National Services, Inc. (“Ancorp”), purchased at an average price of $15 per share. On March 15, 1973, trading in Ancorp common shares was halted on the New York Stock Exchange, and on March 20, 1973, Ancorp filed a petition for arrangement under Chapter XI of the Bankruptcy Act. Plaintiffs allege that as a result they have been unable to sell their shares, since there is no real or active market for them. The first cause of action in general alleges that from January 1970 until trading was halted, all the defendants, except Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co., conspired to and did fraudulently manipulate the market in Ancorp common and induced the Molaskys “to refrain from effectuating their announced intention to sell” their shares in the open market, in violation of sections 10(b)
Count II, wherein Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co., a partnership (“Peat, Marwick”), is named with the other defendants, charges that it joined the conspiracy alleged in the first count; specifically, that its partners having held themselves out as independent public accountants and auditors, it prepared or reviewed certain financial statements and interim reports of Ancorp that were materially misleading and upon which the Molaskys relied “in evaluating their investment decision to refrain from selling their Ancorp common stock in the
Count III, directed only against Peat, Marwick, asserts a common law claim, charging it with gross negligence and alleging that had the Molaskys known the facts which Peat, Marwick failed and omitted to disclose, they would not have refrained from carrying out their announced intention of selling their shares in the open market. This third count is grounded on diversity jurisdiction and pendent jurisdiction.
Peat, Marwick now moves pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure to dismiss count II for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. What sticks out clearly is that the Molaskys have not sold their shares, which they acquired more than ten years ago. Thus, at the threshhold they face Birnbaum v. Newport Steel Co.
While the continued vitality of Birnbaum has been questioned
Plaintiffs, recognizing the continuing force of Birnbaum, seek to defeat the motion to dismiss by reliance upon such cases as Vine v. Beneficial Finance Co.
So, too, plaintiffs’ reliance upon Stockwell v. Reynolds & Co.
Plaintiffs’ contention that they have not been able to sell since learning of the fraud because trading in Ancorp common stock has been halted on the New York Stock Exchange and a Chapter XI arrangement has been filed, does not change their situation. Essentially, they argue that the very fraud of the defendants which has damaged them at the same time has destroyed the marketability of their shares, thereby preventing them from being sellers, even “forced” sellers. Yet in Iroquois Industries, Inc. v. Syracuse China Corp.,
“That the conduct averred in any given case may be reprehensible does not mean that a federal remedy must be furnished by judges. The remedy in many cases may be found in the state courts . . . . ”15
Moreover, the fact that the company is in Chapter XI does not mean that the shares are not marketable. An arrangement thereunder does not affect the equity owner’s interest.
Similarly, section 17(a) protects only defrauded purchasers of securities,
. 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b) (1970).
. 15 U.S.C. § 78m (e) (1) (1970).
. 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5 (1973).
. 15 U.S.C. § 77q(a) (1970).
. 193 F.2d 461 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 343 U.S. 956, 72 S.Ct. 1051, 93 L.Ed. 1356 (1952).
. Entel v. Allen, 270 F.Supp. 60, 69-70 (S.D.N.Y. 1967).
. See, e. g., Leech, Transactions in Corporate Control, 104 U.Pa.L.Rev. 725, 832-35 (1956) ; Lowenfels, The Demise of the Birnbaum Doctrine: A New Era for Rule 10b-5, 54 Va.L.Rev. 268, 275-77 (1968).
. Eason v. General Motors Acceptance Corp., 490 F.2d 654 (7th Cir. 1973).
. See Haberman v. Murchison, 468 F.2d 1305, 1311-1313 (2d Cir. 1972) ; GAF Corp. v. Milstein, 453 F.2d 709, 721 (2d Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 406 U.S. 910, 92 S.Ct. 1610, 31 L.Ed.2d 821 (1972) ; Iroquois Industries, Inc. v. Syracuse China Corp., 417 F.2d 963, 967-970 (2d Cir. 1969), cert. denied, 399 U.S. 909, 90 S.Ct. 2199, 26 L.Ed.2d 561 (1970) ; Greenstein v. Paul, 400 F.2d 580, 581 (2d Cir. 1968) ; cf. International Controls Corp. v. Vesco, 490 F.2d 1334, 1346 n. 16 (2d Cir. 1974) ; Mutual Shares Corp. v. Genesco, Inc., 384 F.2d 540, 546 (2d Cir. 1967). See also Sargent v. Genesco, Inc., 492 F.2d 750, 762-764 (5th Cir. 1974) ; VI L. Loss, Securities Regulation 3617-18 (1969).
. See Iroquois Industries, Inc. v. Syracuse China Corp., 417 F.2d 963, 969 (2d Cir. 1969), cert. denied, 399 U.S. 909, 90 S.Ct. 2199, 26 L.Ed.2d 561 (1970).
. 374 F.2d 627 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 389 U.S. 970, 88 S.Ct. 463, 19 L.Ed.2d 460 (1967) ; see Dudley v. Southeastern Factor & Finance Corp., 446 F.2d 303 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 858, 92 S.Ct. 109, 30 L.Ed.2d 101 (1971) ; Crane Co. v. Westinghouse Air Brake Co., 419 F.2d 787, 798 (2d Cir. 1969), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 822, 91 S. Ct. 41, 27 L.Ed.2d 50 (1970) ; Feldberg v. O’Connell, 338 F.Supp. 744 (D.Mass. 1972).
. 375 F.2d 393 (2d Cir. 1967).
. 252 F.Supp. 215 (S.D.N.Y. 1965).
. 417 F.2d 963 (2d Cir. 1969), cert. denied, 399 U.S. 909, 90 S.Ct. 2199, 26 L.Ed.2d 561 (1970).
. Id. at 969.
. See 11 U.S.C. § 706(1) (1970) ; SEC v. United States Realty & Improvement Co., 310 U.S. 434, 60 S.Ct. 1044, 84 L.Ed. 1293 (1940). See also 11 U.S.C. § 575 (1970).
. See Iroquois Industries, Inc. v. Syracuse China Corp., 417 F.2d 963, 966 (2d Cir. 1969), cert. denied, 399 U.S. 909, 90 S.Ct. 2109, 26 L.Ed.2d 561 (1970) ; Superintendent of Insurance v. Bankers Life & Cas. Co., 430 F.2d 355, 359 (2d Cir. 1970), rev’d on other grounds, 404 U.S. 6, 92 S.Ct. 165, 30 L.Ed.2d 128 (1971) ; Birnbaum v. Newport Steel Corp., 193 F.2d 461, 463 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 343 U.S. 956, 72 S.Ct. 1051, 93 L.Ed. 1356 (1952) ; Emco Porcelain Enamel Co. v. Wolfe, [1970-1971 Transfer Binder] CCH Fed.See.L.Rep. ¶ 93,143 (1971).
. See Hurn v. Oursler, 289 U.S. 238, 53 S.Ct. 586, 77 L.Ed. 1148 (1933).
. 383 U.S. 715, 726, 86 S.Ct. 1130, 16 L.Ed.2d 218 (1966) ; see Kavit v. A. L. Stamm & Co., 491 F.2d 1176, 1179 (2d Cir. 1974).
. Great Southern Fire Proof Hotel Co. v. Jones, 177 U.S. 449, 20 S.Ct. 690, 44 L.Ed. 842 (1900) ; Woodward v. D. H. Overmyer Co., 428 F.2d 880, 883 (2d Cir. 1970), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 993, 91 S.Ct. 460, 27 L.Ed.2d 441 (1971) ; Eastern Metals Corp. v. Martin, 191 F.Supp. 245, 249-250 (S.D.N.Y. 1960).
. Strawbridge v. Curtiss, 7 U.S. (3 Cranch) 267, 2 L.Ed. 435 (1806).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Allan MOLASKY, Individually and as Trustee for the Benefit of Mark Molasky, u/t/a William Molasky, dated May 1, 1956, and as Trustee for the Benefit of Marti Ellen Rose, u/t/a William Molasky, dated May 1, 1956 v. Henry GARFINKLE
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published