Rodriguez v. Harris
Rodriguez v. Harris
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
Petitioner, appearing pro se, is now confined in the Greenhaven Correctional Facility serving terms of imprisonment of up to seven years for the crimes of attempted rape in the first degree and attempted sodomy in the first degree to run concurrently, imposed pursuant to a judgment of conviction entered after a jury trial. He seeks his release by way of federal habeas corpus charging alleged violation of his federal constitutional rights.
Petitioner, relying upon Jackson v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979), contends that no rational fact finder could have found the essential elements of each crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Perforce this contention requires a close study of the record. After a word-by-word reading of the trial testimony, the Court finds petitioner’s contention without merit. No purpose would be served by setting forth the sordid
The indictment charged petitioner with rape in the first degree and sodomy in the first degree. The trial judge, however, submitted to the jury for its determination a reduced charge of an attempt to commit each crime. Upon the testimony of the victim, the corroborative testimony of the witness and the circumstantial evidence of the robe, the jury had abundant evidence upon which to make a determination as to the essential elements of each crime, and as rational triers of the fact could readily find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
The petitioner next contends that the rape statute is constitutionally infirm because it denies petitioner, as a male, equal protection of the laws. Section 130.35 of New York’s Penal Law in pertinent part provides:
A male is guilty of rape in the first degree when he engages in sexual intercourse with a female:
1. by forcible compulsion.
Petitioner argues that since rape is defined as a crime that can only be perpetrated by a male and in which the victim is always female, such classification on the basis of sex contravenes his right to the equal protection of the law. The New York courts, applying the proper standards in evaluating the statute,
Meloon v. Helgemoe
We want to take care to indicate the limited nature of our holding. We have found only one particular statutory rape*118 law to be unconstitutional. We have not reflected on nor do we intend to question the constitutionality of the laws of other states. We express no opinion as to whether on a different record some other statute would pass constitutional scrutiny.6
The court also emphasized “that our analysis is predicated on the consensual nature of the crime committed by appellee. . It is not unlikely that a court’s reasoning on this issue would be colored by the fact that an actual rape had occurred as opposed to the statutory consensual offense.”
Subsequent to the Meloon ruling one New York State court found that the New Hampshire statute was distinguishable from the New York statute.
Petitioner’s final contention is that the indictment (1) failed adequately to inform him of the nature of the charge against him in violation of the Sixth Amendment of the federal Constitution and (2) did not sufficiently spell out the crime so as to remove the possibility of a further prosecution for the same crime in violation of the double jeopardy clause. These claims are without substance and merit little discussion. Prior to or at the time of the trial no motion was made challenging the indictment upon the grounds here urged to void the judgment of conviction.
So ordered.
. Frontiero v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583 (1973); Reed v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71, 92 S.Ct. 251, 30 L.Ed.2d 225 (1971). See also Craig v. Boren, 429 U.S. 190, 97 S.Ct. 451, 50 L.Ed.2d 397 (1976); Califano v. Webster, 430 U.S. 313, 97 S.Ct. 1192, 51 L.Ed.2d 360 (1977).
. See People v. Smith, 97 Misc.2d 115, 411 N.Y.S.2d 146 (Albany Co. Ct. 1978); People v. Fauntleroy, 94 Misc.2d 606, 405 N.Y.S.2d 931, 934-35 (Westchester Co. Ct. 1978); People v. Reilly, 85 Misc.2d 702, 381 N.Y.S.2d 732, 738 (Westchester Co. Ct. 1976).
. 564 F.2d 602 (1st Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 436 U.S. 950, 98 S.Ct. 2858, 56 L.Ed.2d 793 (1978).
. Id. at 604.
. Id. at 604.
. Id. at 609. Indeed, after deciding Meloon, the First Circuit, in Rundlett v. Oliver, 607 F.2d 495 (1st Cir. 1979), distinguished the former opinion and upheld the constitutionality of Maine’s statutory rape statute which was substantially similar to that involved in Meloon.
. Id. at 605 n. 4 (emphasis supplied).
. People v. Davoli, 95 Misc.2d 402, 407 N.Y.S.2d 432 (Onondaga Co. Ct. 1978).
. See Green v. Wyrick, 462 F.Supp. 357, 361-62 (W.D.Mo. 1978) (distinguishing Meloon on similar grounds vis-a-vis Missouri’s forcible rape statute).
. People v. Whidden, 71 A.D.2d 367, 423 N.Y.S.2d 512 (3d Dep’t 1979).
. Nor did petitioner move to obtain a bill of particulars which is authorized by statute. N.Y.C.P.L. § 200.90.
. People v. Iannone, 45 N.Y.2d 589, 601, 412 N.Y.S.2d 110, 118, 384 N.E.2d 656, 664 (1978). See N.Y.C.P.L. §§ 210.20 and 255.20.
. Wainwright v. Sykes, 433 U.S. 72, 86-87, 97 S.Ct. 2497, 2506, 53 L.Ed.2d 594 (1977); Francis v. Henderson, 425 U.S. 536, 538-42, 96 S.Ct. 1708, 1710-1711, 48 L.Ed.2d 149 (1976).
. Picard v. Connor, 404 U.S. 270, 92 S.Ct. 509, 30 L.Ed.2d 438 (1971).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Luis RODRIGUEZ v. David R. HARRIS
- Status
- Published