Vann v. Wolfe-Friedman

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK KOURIOCKEIN VANN, Plaintiff, -against- 23-CV-236 (LTS) DR. JANICE WOLFE-FRIEDMAN; DR. ORDER TO AMEND MIKAIL GUSMAN; DR. YELENA KOROBKOVA, Defendants.

LAURA TAYLOR SWAIN, Chief United States District Judge: Plaintiff, who is currently incarcerated at Sullivan Correctional Facility, brings this pro se action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging that Defendants violated his constitutional rights. By order dated February 3, 2023, the Court granted Plaintiff’s request to proceed in forma pauperis (IFP), that is, without prepayment of fees.1 For the reasons set forth below, the Court grants Plaintiff leave to file an amended complaint within 60 days of the date of this order.

STANDARD OF REVIEW The Court must dismiss an IFP complaint, or any portion of the complaint, that is frivolous or malicious, fails to state a claim on which relief may be granted, or seeks monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B); see Livingston v. Adirondack Beverage Co., 141 F.3d 434, 437 (2d Cir. 1998). The Court must also dismiss a complaint when the Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction of the claims raised. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(h)(3).

While the law mandates dismissal on any of these grounds, the Court is obliged to construe pro se pleadings liberally, Harris v. Mills, 572 F.3d 66, 72 (2d Cir. 2009), and interpret them to raise the “strongest [claims] that they suggest,” Triestman v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, 470 F.3d 471, 474 (2d Cir. 2006) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted) (emphasis in original). But the “special solicitude” in pro se cases, id. at 475 (citation omitted), has its limits – to state a claim, pro se pleadings still must comply with Rule 8 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, which requires a complaint to make a short and plain statement showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.

Rule 8 requires a complaint to include enough facts to state a claim for relief “that is plausible on its face.” Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007). A claim is facially plausible if the plaintiff pleads enough factual detail to allow the Court to draw the inference that the defendant is liable for the alleged misconduct. In reviewing the complaint, the Court must accept all well-pleaded factual allegations as true. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678-79 (2009). But it does not have to accept as true “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action,” which are essentially just legal conclusions. Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555. After separating legal conclusions from well-pleaded factual allegations, the Court must determine whether those facts make it plausible – not merely possible – that the pleader is entitled to relief. Id. BACKGROUND A. Prior Litigation Against Dr. Wolfe-Friedman The following summary of Plaintiff’s factual allegations is drawn from the complaint and publicly available court records. On July 12, 2015, while Plaintiff was housed at Green Haven Correctional Facility, Corrections Officer Sudranski sexually assaulted him. (ECF 2 ¶ 3.) The following day, a doctor observed that the “injured area,” around Plaintiff’s groin area, was “swollen and irritated,” and prescribed “pain killers” and scheduled Plaintiff for follow up care. (Id. ¶ 4.) On at least ten occasions between July 19, 2015, and May 3, 2016, Plaintiff saw Dr. Wolfe-Friedman, or tried to schedule an appointment with her, and Dr. Wolfe-Friedman either did not see Plaintiff, failed to provide him with any treatment, or provided inadequate treatment. (Id. ¶¶ 5, 14, 19, 20, 28, 33, 34, 37, 42.) Plaintiff also sought treatment from other medical providers at Green Haven. (Id. ¶¶ 6-13, 15-18, 21-27, 29-32, 38-42, 53-60.)

On September 12, 2016, Plaintiff filed a lawsuit in this court in connection with Sudranski’s alleged assault and the denial of medical attention at Green Haven. See Vann v. Sudranski, ECF 7:16-CV-7367, 1 (VB) (Vann I). On December 20, 2017, Judge Briccetti granted a motion to dismiss Plaintiff’s Eighth Amendment claims in Vann I against Dr. Wolfe-Friedman2 and two nurses, holding that: (1) the facts alleged suggested a disagreement with treatment rather than a plausible claim of deliberate indifference to Plaintiff’s serious medical needs; (2) although chronic pain may constitute a serious medical condition, Plaintiff had failed to allege that the medical treatment he received was inadequate, and thus his allegations of deliberate indifference were conclusory; and (3) disagreement over the need for specialists or the timing of such appointments was not a proper ground for a Section 1983 claim.3 ECF 7:16-CV-7367, 64.

B. This Complaint Plaintiff filed this complaint, which is dated January 4, 2023, against Dr. Wolfe- Friedman, who is now a doctor at Sullivan Correctional Facility, and two other Sullivan doctors, Mikail Gusman and Yelena Korobkova. The following facts are drawn from the complaint.

In 2016, Dr. Wolfe-Friedman started working at Sullivan Correctional Facility, and Plaintiff was transferred there in 2017. (Id. ¶¶ 52, 61.) Plaintiff complained about Dr. Wolfe- Friedman’s failure to provide treatment to him at Green Haven, and because of his past experiences with Wolfe-Friedman, Plaintiff refused to see her a number of times, instead forgoing treatment if she was the only medical provider on duty at Sullivan. (Id. ¶¶ 61-73, 89, 111.) Dr. Wolfe-Friedman denied Plaintiff medical care, mostly for groin pain but also for other medical conditions,4 harassed him, and was aggressive and confrontational towards him. (Id. ¶ 71.) Dr. Wolfe-Friedman conveyed a message to Plaintiff via a nurse practitioner that he would not be allowed to see any other medical provider but her. (Id. ¶ 63, 73.) On three other occasions between 2017 and 2019, nurse practitioners told Plaintiff that they were unable to provide Plaintiff with proper care because of Dr. Wolfe-Friedman. (Id. ¶¶ 79, 81, 92.) Plaintiff filed a complaint about Dr. Wolfe-Friedman with the Office of Special Investigation (OSI). Officials from OSI interviewed Plaintiff on January 11, 2018, but no action was taken. (Id. ¶ 82.)

The complaint contains the following allegations against Dr. Gusman: (1) on June 10, 2017, Plaintiff saw Dr. Gusman about “excruciating groin, perineum and testicle pain,” and Dr. Gusman prescribed pain medication, requested an ultrasound, and performed a “colon-rectal examination,” which made Plaintiff “feel very uncomfortable,” because he thought it was

The complaint contains the following allegations with respect to Dr. Korobkova: (1) on February 12, 2019, Dr. Korobkova entered the examination room without Plaintiff’s chart, asked him what he was there for, and failed to provide Plaintiff with any medical treatment; (2) on May 7, 2019, Dr. Korobkova did not know that Plaintiff had come to see her to have his ears drained; and (3) on November 18, 2019, Dr. Korobkova was hostile and argumentative towards Plaintiff, and she would not discuss his need for orthopedic boots. (Id. ¶¶ 123, 129, 149.)

Following is a summary of Plaintiff’s allegations regarding urological treatment. On November 14, 2017, Plaintiff saw Dr. T. Stilletto, a urologist at Eastern Correctional Facility,

The neurologist attempted to straighten the matter out. Only to come to the Plaintiff again, and state the Plaintiff is correct and will have to come back at a later date to address the matter. No medical care or treatment provided to Plaintiff in violation of 10 N.Y.C.R.R. § 405.7(c)(2), (3), and (4). (Id. ¶ 157.)

On December 6, 2019, Plaintiff saw a urologist at Green Haven. (Id. ¶ 152.) The urologist referred Plaintiff to see a neurologist and a back specialist. Plaintiff told the urologist that he had never complained about his back, but the urologist “still put in for both after listening to Plaintiff’s complaints” about the Sudranski assault. (Id.) Plaintiff further claims that he was denied treatment for glaucoma, foot conditions, asthma, and denied medication. According to Plaintiff: (1) he has not seen an eye doctor since “July/August 2021”; (2) he has been denied orthopedic footwear or “medical boots” and a podiatry consult; (3) Plaintiff has not been given a pulmonary function test; and (4) on August 7, 2018, Plaintiff’s prescription for Flomax for groin pain, written by Dr. Gusman, was not refilled.6 (Id. ¶¶ 95, 102, 137-139, 156.)

Plaintiff also alleges that on multiple occasions between 2017 and 2019, when he was sent to other correctional facilities to see specialists or for diagnostic screenings, he would discover that the information on the referral forms, including the nature of the diagnosis or treatment sought, was inaccurate, and he would end up being sent back to Sullivan without receiving the scheduled care. In addition to the medical trips already discussed, Plaintiff also refers to medical trips to Shawangunk and Coxsackie Correctional Facilities.

Plaintiff seeks: (1) money damages; (2) immediate medical appointments to see a urologist, neurologist, and eye doctor; (3) to be transported to medical appointments by a van rather than a hub bus (4) to be transported alone, and not with other prisoners, to minimize “undue excessive [travel] time”; (5) to be issued orthopedic boots and sneakers; and (6) to have his medical records retyped so as to be legible. (Id. at 17.)

DISCUSSION A. Deliberate Indifference To state a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, a plaintiff must allege both that: (1) a right secured by the Constitution or laws of the United States was violated, and (2) the right was violated by a person acting under the color of state law, or a “state actor.” West v. Atkins, 487 U.S. 42, 48-49 (1988). To establish a Section 1983 claim for inadequate medical care under the Eighth Amendment or the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, a plaintiff must show that correction officials were deliberately indifferent to the plaintiff’s serious medical condition. See Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104-05 (1976); Caiozzo v. Koreman, 581 F.3d 63, 69-72 (2d Cir. 2009).

Deliberate indifference is evaluated under a two-pronged test comprised of both objective and subjective components. See Hill v. Curcione, 657 F.3d 116, 122 (2d Cir. 2011). The objective component of this standard requires that the alleged medical need be a “sufficiently serious” condition that “could result in further significant injury or the unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain.” Harrison v. Barkley, 219 F.3d 132, 136 (2d Cir. 2000) (quoting Chance v. Armstrong, 143 F.3d 698, 702 (2d Cir. 1998)); see also Hathaway v. Coughlin, 37 F.3d 63, 66 (2d Cir. 1994) (noting that standard contemplates “a condition of urgency, one that may produce death, degeneration, or extreme pain”). If a complaint alleges that treatment was provided but was inadequate, the seriousness inquiry is focused on the alleged inadequacy. See Salahuddin v. Goord, 467 F.3d 263, 280 (2d Cir. 2006). Where a prisoner’s claim is based on delay in the provision of medical treatment, the relevant concern is not “the severity of the prisoner’s underlying medical condition,” but the “particular risk of harm faced by a prisoner due to the challenged deprivation of care.” Smith v. Carpenter, 316 F.3d 178, 186 (2d Cir. 2003).

The subjective component requires a prisoner to show that the defendant officials acted with a “sufficiently culpable state of mind” in depriving him of adequate medical treatment.

Nielsen v. Rabin, 746 F.3d 58, 63 (2d Cir. 2014) (citing Salahuddin, 467 F.3d at 280)). That is, a plaintiff must show that the defendants knew of and disregarded an excessive risk to the inmate’s health or safety by failing to take reasonable measures to avoid the harm. Caiozzo, 581 F.3d at 69. Under this standard, a challenge based on the inadvertent or negligent failure to provide adequate care does not raise a constitutional claim under either the Fourteenth Amendment or the Eighth Amendment. See Estelle, 429 U.S. at 106; Chance v. Armstrong, 143 F.3d 698, 703 (2d Cir. 1998).

The facts alleged in the complaint do not suggest that Defendants showed deliberate indifference by consciously disregarding a substantial risk of serious harm to Plaintiff. Plaintiff’s allegations against Dr. Wolfe-Friedman are premised upon his experiencing chronic pain in his groin and the alleged failure to provide adequate or timely treatment or care, but he fails to allege facts showing that she knew of and disregarded an excessive risk to his health or safety with respect to the nature or timing of the treatment she provided to him.7 Plaintiff’s allegations against Dr. Gusman and Dr. Korobkova likewise do not show that they deprived Plaintiff of essential or adequate medical treatment. Instead, Plaintiff describes them both as being unprepared, short, or hostile during his medical appointments with them.

Plaintiff further claims that Dr. Gusman performed an examination that made Plaintiff feel uncomfortable because he thought it was unnecessary, and conveyed inaccurate information in medical referrals to outside facilities. At best, these allegations could arguably state a claim of

In light of Plaintiff’s pro se status, the Court grants him leave to amend his claim against all three Defendants to assert any facts demonstrating that any of the three exhibited deliberate indifference to Plaintiff’s serious medical conditions.

B. Statute of Limitations The statute of limitations for Section 1983 claims is found in the “general or residual [state] statute [of limitations] for personal injury actions.” Pearl v. City of Long Beach, 296 F.3d 76, 79 (2d Cir. 2002) (quoting Owens v. Okure, 488 U.S. 235, 249-50 (1989)). In New York, that period is three years. See N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 214(5). Section 1983 claims generally accrue when a plaintiff knows or has reason to know of the injury that is the basis of the claim. Hogan v. Fischer, 738 F.3d 509, 518 (2d Cir. 2013).8 Plaintiff’s Eighth Amendment claims against Defendants Wolfe-Friedman, Gusman, and Korobkova arising before January 4, 2020, appear to be time-barred. As Plaintiff delivered his complaint to prison authorities for mailing on January 4, 2023, any claim that arose before January 4, 2020 is presumably untimely. See Walker v. Jastremski, 430 F.3d 560, 562-64 (2d Cir.

2005) (discussing prison mailbox rule, under which the date a prisoner signs a court submission qualifies as the filing date).

The doctrine of equitable tolling permits a court, “under compelling circumstances, [to] make narrow exceptions to the statute of limitations in order ‘to prevent inequity.’” In re U.S. Lines, Inc., 318 F.3d 432, 436 (2d Cir. 2003) (citation omitted). The statute of limitations may be equitably tolled, for example, when a defendant fraudulently conceals from a plaintiff the fact that the plaintiff has a cause of action, or when the plaintiff is induced by the defendant to forego a lawsuit until the statute of limitations has expired. See Pearl, 296 F.3d at 82-83. In addition, New York law provides that where a person “is under a disability because of . . . insanity at the time the cause of action accrues,” the applicable statute of limitations will be tolled. N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 208; Gardner v. Wansart, No. 05-CV-3351, 2006 WL 2742043, at *5 n.4 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 25, 2006) (although mental illness is on its own insufficient for equitable tolling purposes, tolling is appropriate if a plaintiff is insane at the time the cause of action accrues and is “unable to protect [his] legal rights because of an overall inability to function in society”).

Because the failure to file an action within the limitations period is an affirmative defense, a plaintiff is generally not required to plead that the case is timely filed. See Abbas v. Dixon, 480 F.3d 636, 640 (2d Cir. 2007). Dismissal is appropriate, however, where the existence of an affirmative defense, such as the statute of limitations, is plain from the face of the pleading.

See Walters v. Indus. and Commercial Bank of China, Ltd., 651 F.3d 280, 293 (2d Cir. 2011) (“[D]istrict courts may dismiss an action sua sponte on limitations grounds in certain circumstances where the facts supporting the statute of limitations defense are set forth in the papers plaintiff himself submitted.”) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted); Pino v. Ryan, 49 F.3d 51, 53 (2d Cir. 1995) (affirming sua sponte dismissal of complaint as frivolous on statute of limitations grounds); see also Abbas, 480 F.3d at 640 (concluding that district court should grant notice and opportunity to be heard before dismissing complaint sua sponte on statute of limitations grounds).

There are no facts in the complaint suggesting that the statute of limitations should be equitably tolled in this case. Because the Court has granted Plaintiff leave to assert any facts indicating that Defendants showed deliberate indifference to Plaintiff’s serious medical needs, the Court also grants him leave to address the timeliness of his claims.

LEAVE TO AMEND Plaintiff proceeds in this matter without the benefit of an attorney. District courts generally should grant a self-represented plaintiff an opportunity to amend a complaint to cure its defects, unless amendment would be futile. See Hill v. Curcione, 657 F.3d 116, 123-24 (2d Cir. 2011); Salahuddin v. Cuomo, 861 F.2d 40, 42 (2d Cir. 1988). Indeed, the Second Circuit has cautioned that district courts “should not dismiss [a pro se complaint] without granting leave to amend at least once when a liberal reading of the complaint gives any indication that a valid claim might be stated.” Cuoco v. Moritsugu, 222 F.3d 99, 112 (2d Cir. 2000) (quoting Gomez v. USAA Fed. Sav. Bank, 171 F.3d 794, 795 (2d Cir. 1999)). Because Plaintiff may be able to allege additional facts to state a valid Eighth Amendment medical claim, the Court grants Plaintiff 60 days’ leave to amend his complaint to detail his claims.

Plaintiff is granted leave to amend his complaint to provide more facts about his claims.

In the “Statement of Claim” section of the amended complaint form, Plaintiff must provide a short and plain statement of the relevant facts supporting each claim against each defendant. If Plaintiff has an address for any named defendant, Plaintiff must provide it. Plaintiff should include all of the information in the amended complaint that Plaintiff wants the Court to consider in deciding whether the amended complaint states a claim for relief. That information should include: a) the names and titles of all relevant people; b) a description of all relevant events, including what each defendant did or failed to do, the approximate date and time of each event, and the general location where each event occurred; c) a description of the injuries Plaintiff suffered; and d) the relief Plaintiff seeks, such as money damages, injunctive relief, or declaratory relief.

Essentially, Plaintiff’s amended complaint should tell the Court: who violated his federally protected rights and how; when and where such violations occurred; and why Plaintiff is entitled to relief.

Because Plaintiff’s amended complaint will completely replace, not supplement, the original complaint, any facts or claims that Plaintiff wants to include from the original complaint must be repeated in the amended complaint.

Plaintiff may consult the legal clinic opened in this District to assist people who are parties in civil cases and do not have lawyers. The Clinic is run by a private organization called the New York Legal Assistance Group; it is not part of, or run by, the Court (and, among other things, therefore cannot accept filings on behalf of the Court, which must still be made by any pro se party through the Pro Se Intake Unit).

To receive limited-scope assistance from the Clinic, Plaintiff may mail a signed retainer and intake papers to the NYLAG Pro Se Clinic at 100 Pearl Street, 19th floor, NY, NY 10004.

Once the paperwork is received, the Clinic will coordinate contact with Plaintiff. Once received, it may take up to two weeks for the Clinic to contact Plaintiff. The Clinic’s retainer and intake paperwork are attached to this order.

CONCLUSION Plaintiff is granted leave to file an amended complaint that complies with the standards set forth above. Plaintiff must submit the amended complaint to this Court’s Pro Se Intake Unit within 60 days of the date of this order, caption the document as an “Amended Complaint,” and label the document with docket number 23-CV-236 (LTS). An Amended Civil Rights Complaint form is attached to this order. No summons will issue at this time. If Plaintiff fails to comply within the time allowed, and he cannot show good cause to excuse such failure, the complaint will be dismissed for failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted.

The Court certifies under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3) that any appeal from this order would not be taken in good faith, and therefore IFP status is denied for the purpose of an appeal. Cf. Coppedge v. United States, 369 U.S. 438, 444-45 (1962) (holding that an appellant demonstrates good faith when he seeks review of a nonfrivolous issue).

SO ORDERED.

Dated: March 6, 2023 New York, New York /s/ Laura Taylor Swain LAURA TAYLOR SWAIN Chief United States District Judge UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK CVE Write the full name of each plaintiff. (Include case number if one has been assigned) “against- COMPLAINT (Prisoner) Do you want a jury trial? ssssssss...0.0.0. L1Yes LINo Write the full name of each defendant. If you cannot fit the names of all of the defendants in the space provided, please write “see attached” in the space above and attach an additional sheet of paper with the full list of names. The names listed above must be identical to those contained in Section IV.

NOTICE The public can access electronic court files. For privacy and security reasons, papers filed with the court should therefore not contain: an individual’s full social security number or full birth date; the full name of a person known to be a minor; or a complete financial account number. A filing may include only: the last four digits of a social security number; the year of an individual’s birth; a minor’s initials; and the last four digits of a financial account number.

See Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 5.2.

Rev. 5/20/16 I. LEGAL BASIS FOR CLAIM State below the federal legal basis for your claim, if known. This form is designed primarily for prisoners challenging the constitutionality of their conditions of confinement; those claims are often brought under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (against state, county, or municipal defendants) or ina “Bivens” action (against federal defendants).

L] Violation of my federal constitutional rights L] Other: II. PLAINTIFF INFORMATION Each plaintiff must provide the following information. Attach additional pages if necessary.

First Name Middle Initial Last Name State any other names (or different forms of your name) you have ever used, including any name you have used in previously filing a lawsuit.

Prisoner ID # (if you have previously been in another agency’s custody, please specify each agency and the ID number (such as your DIN or NYSID) under which you were held) Current Place of Detention Institutional Address County, City State Zip Code II. PRISONER STATUS Indicate below whether you are a prisoner or other confined person: L] Pretrial detainee L] Civilly committed detainee Immigration detainee L] Convicted and sentenced prisoner L] Other: IV. DEFENDANT INFORMATION To the best of your ability, provide the following information for each defendant. If the correct information is not provided, it could delay or prevent service of the complaint on the defendant.

Make sure that the defendants listed below are identical to those listed in the caption. Attach additional pages as necessary.

Defendant 1: First Name Last Name Shield # Current Job Title (or other identifying information) Current Work Address County, City State Zip Code Defendant 2: First Name Last Name Shield # Current Job Title (or other identifying information) Current Work Address County, City State Zip Code Defendant 3: First Name Last Name Shield # Current Job Title (or other identifying information) Current Work Address County, City State Zip Code Defendant 4: First Name Last Name Shield # Current Job Title (or other identifying information) Current Work Address County, City State Zip Code STATEMENT OF CLAIM Place(s) of occurrence: Date(s) of occurrence: FACTS: State here briefly the FACTS that support your case. Describe what happened, how you were harmed, and how each defendant was personally involved in the alleged wrongful actions. Attach additional pages as necessary.

INJURIES: If you were injured as a result of these actions, describe your injuries and what medical treatment, if any, you required and received.

VI. RELIEF State briefly what money damages or other relief you want the court to order.

VII. PLAINTIFF’S CERTIFICATION AND WARNINGS By signing below, I certify to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief that: (1) the complaint is not being presented for an improper purpose (such as to harass, cause unnecessary delay, or needlessly increase the cost of litigation); (2) the claims are supported by existing law or by anonfrivolous argument to change existing law; (3) the factual contentions have evidentiary support or, if specifically so identified, will likely have evidentiary support after a reasonable opportunity for further investigation or discovery; and (4) the complaint otherwise complies with the requirements of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 11.

I understand that if I file three or more cases while I am a prisoner that are dismissed as frivolous, malicious, or for failure to state a claim, I may be denied in forma pauperis status in future cases.

I also understand that prisoners must exhaust administrative procedures before filing an action in federal court about prison conditions, 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a), and that my case may be dismissed if I have not exhausted administrative remedies as required.

I agree to provide the Clerk's Office with any changes to my address. I understand that my failure to keep a current address on file with the Clerk's Office may result in the dismissal of my case.

Each Plaintiff must sign and date the complaint. Attach additional pages if necessary. If seeking to proceed without prepayment of fees, each plaintiff must also submit an IFP application.

Dated Plaintiff's Signature First Name Middle Initial Last Name Prison Address Date on which | am delivering this complaint to prison authorities for mailing: ole Pw New York BE Legal Assistance Group Name Date of Birth Facility Identification # Email (if available) How did you hear about our clinic? (Circle One) Pro Se Intake Office Order/Letter from the Judge Conference/Hearing with the Judge Pro Se Information Package Website Friend/Family Other Ethnicity (Circle One) Asian/Pacific Islander Hispanic Caucasian African American Middle Eastern Decline to Answer African Caribbean Native American South Asian Education Level (Circle One) Grade or Less GED 2-4 years of College/Vocational School Some high school College graduate Decline to Answer High school graduate Graduate degree Gender: SDNY Case Number: Once you have completed this form, please mail it and the completed retainer to the New York Legal Assistance Group, Pro Se Clinic, 40 Foley Square, LL22, New York, NY 10007.

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