DECEDENTS’ ESTATES.

(220 E_) Judgment of probate court settling estate, directing executors to transfer to decedent’s widow all of assets of estate in their hands, and reciting that all creditors had been paid, could not be collaterally attacked so long as it stood unreversed and unmodified.

ACTIONS.

(10 L2) Written instrument acknowledging indebtedness in specified sum as signer's share of loss in wheat speculation and reciting signer’s agreement to take out life insurance policy in favor of himself and to assign it to his creditor to secure him in case of assignor’s death before payment of his share of loss, held due and payable on date executed, and action brought 34 years after such date was barred by limitations of Section 11221 GC.

DECEDENTS’ ESTATES:

(220 E) After judgment of probate court settling decedent’s estate and directing executor to transfer all estate assets in his hands to decedent’s widow, executor was not authorized to prosecute action on written acknowl-edgement of debt due decedent, since he was not real party in interest under Section 11241 GC.

ACTIONS.

(10 L2) Where debt to decedent’s estate was barred by limitations of Section 11221 GC., it was not revived by insurance company’s payment on policy taken out by debtor on his life, and assigned as collateral security for the debt, where debtor had not authorized company to act as his agent, nor given written consent to payment as required by policy; “collateral security” vesting only conditional title in creditor and giving him right to sell property or collect on policy to pay debt on debtor’s failure to do so.

INSURANCE.

(310 Pc) Any authority of insurance company to make payment to assignee of policy as collateral security for insured’s debt did not imply authority in insurer to bind insured by a new promise to pay the debt, regardless of whether payment was made before or after recovery on original debt was barred by limitations of Section 11221 GC.

ACTIONS.

(10 L2) New promise to pay, in order to revive debt barred by limitations, must be made by debtor or by some one under his immediate direction.

(10 L2) The principle on which part payment takes case out of the statute of limitations is that party paying intended by it to acknowledge and admit the greater debt to be due.

(10 L2) The statute of limitations is entitled to the same consideration as other statutes and should not be explained away.

For reference to full opinion, see Omnibus Index, last page, this issue.