Nationwide Ins. Co. v. Rice, Unpublished Decision (10-15-2001)
Nationwide Ins. Co. v. Rice, Unpublished Decision (10-15-2001)
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
Defendant-Appellant Connie Ashby, hereinafter "appellant," appeals the decision of the Muskingum County Court of Common Pleas, which granted summary judgment in favor of Appellee Nationwide Insurance Company ("Nationwide") in an action to enforce subrogation. The relevant facts leading to this appeal are as follows: On December 12, 1997, appellant was driving an automobile owned by her friend, Robert Thomas, Jr., when she was involved in a collision with another vehicle driven by Kim D. Rice. Rice caused the accident, which resulted in personal injury to appellant. Appellant had obtained permission to operate the Thomas vehicle, which was insured by Nationwide. After the accident, appellant filed a claim with Nationwide to receive reimbursement for her medical bills. Appellant also presented a claim to Rice's insurer, State Farm. On June 8, 1998, Nationwide paid appellant $50,000 as final settlement for her claim. On September 11, 1998, State Farm paid $100,000 to appellant. In consideration for the State Farm compensation, appellant released Rice from any further claims. Despite repeated requests by Nationwide to appellant's attorney, appellant did not reimburse Nationwide. On December 1, 1999, Nationwide filed an action in the trial court to pursue a subrogation claim against appellant and Rice, jointly and severally. On April 7, 2000, the trial court approved the dismissal of Rice without prejudice pursuant to Civ.R. 41(A)(1). On April 21, 2000, Nationwide filed a motion for summary judgment. On May 17, 2000, the trial court granted partial summary judgment in favor of Nationwide in regard to the issue of liability. The court further set the matter for argument and/or evidence "on the sole issue of the monetary amount of the judgment" on June 19, 2000. On June 28, 2000, the trial court rendered the judgment entry against appellant, finding Nationwide entitled to the sum of $50,000. Appellant appealed this decision assigning error to the trial court's granting of summary judgment based on the lack of a contractual relationship between the parties and the fact that appellant had not been fully compensated for her injuries. This Court reversed and remanded this matter to the trial court for a clarification of the legal basis upon which it granted summary judgment, namely whether the court's decision was based on the terms of the insurance contract, or whether equitable subrogation played any role in the court's conclusion. On January 22, 2001, the trial court filed a Decision and Journal Entry in Clarification, finding that "equitable subrogation principals [SIC] apply from the conduct and dealings" between the parties. It is from this decision that Appellant has filed the instant appeal, assigning the following errors:I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN GRANTING SUMMARY JUDGMENT TO PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE NATIONWIDE INSURANCE COMPANY, WHEN NO CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIP EXISTED BETWEEN THAT COMPANY AND DEFENDANT-APPELLANT CONNIE ASHBY.
II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN GRANTING SUMMARY JUDGMENT TO PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE NATIONWIDE INSURANCE COMPANY WHEN DEFENDANT-APPELLANT CONNIE ASHBY HAD NOT BEEN FULLY COMPENSATED FOR INJURIES.
III. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN FINDING EQUITABLE SUBROGATION EXISTED BETWEEN DEFENDANT-APPELLANT CONNIE ASHBY AND PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE NATIONWIDE INSURANCE COMPANY SUMMARY JUDGMENT
Appellant, in each of her assignments of error, contends that the trial court erred in granting the Motion for Summary Judgments filed by Appellee. Summary judgment proceedings present the appellate court with the unique opportunity of reviewing the evidence in the same manner as the trial court. Smiddy v. The Wedding Party, Inc. (1987),
1. While occupying your auto when it is being used by: a.) You b.) A resident of your household; or c.) anyone else with your permission.
"A third party beneficiary is one for whose benefit a promise has been made in a contract but who is not a party to the contract." Chitlik v. Allstate Ins. Co. (1973),
34 Ohio App.2d 193 ,196 . "The third party need not be named in the contract, as long as [she] is contemplated by the parties to the contract and sufficiently identified." Id. Moreover, the "promisee must intend that a third party benefit from the contract in order for that third party to have enforceable rights under the contract[.]" Laverick v. Children's Hosp. Med. Ctr. of Akron (1988),43 Ohio App.3d 201 ,204 . A third party beneficiary is free to accept or reject the benefits of the contract; however, by accepting the benefits of the contract, the third party beneficiary also assumes the attendant burdens. Fawn v. Heritage Mut. Ins. Co. (June 30, 1997), Franklin App. No. 96APE12-1678, unreported, 1997 WL 359322, (holding that the "arbitration provision of an insurance policy between a named insured and insurer can be enforced against a third-party who seeks underinsurance benefits under the policy".) The contract does not have to name the third-party beneficiary, as long as "the third person is in the contemplation of the parties." Hines v. Amole (1982),4 Ohio App.3d 263 ,268 . An intended third-party beneficiary cannot receive a greater benefit than that provided for in the contract. Ohio Savings Bank v. V.H. Vokes Co. (1989),54 Ohio App.3d 68 . In this present case, appellant's friend, Robert Thomas, was the owner of the vehicle and policyholder of the Nationwide policy. Thomas' insurance policy covered the automobile that Appellant was driving when the accident occurred. By including "persons . . . occupying your auto when it is being used by anyone else with your permission" such policy language sufficiently identified and contemplated medical payments coverage for Appellant. Thus, we conclude that Appellant was a third-party beneficiary of Thomas' insurance policy with Nationwide. Furthermore, by accepting the approximately $50,000 benefit from Nationwide under said insurance policy, Appellant also accepted the burdens, which in this instance would be the obligation of subrogation. See Fawn, supra. Appellant's First Assignment of Error is overruled.
In response, Nationwide argues that the case sub judice is merely a matter of applying the plain and ordinary meaning of the insurance contract at issue, and that the issue of whether appellant has been fully compensated by other means is effectively moot, as the evidence would show that appellant has "interfered" with Nationwide's subrogation rights by settling with State Farm, thus negating her opportunity to demonstrate a lack of full compensation. In support, Nationwide cites James v. Michigan Mutual Ins. Co. (1985),
By: Boggins, J. Gwin, P.J., and. Wise, J. concurs
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.