State v. Zuniga, Unpublished Decision (10-25-2002)
State v. Zuniga, Unpublished Decision (10-25-2002)
Opinion of the Court
{¶ 2} Appellant sets forth the following assignments of error:
{¶ 3} "Assignment of Error Number 1
{¶ 4} "The trial court erred to the prejudice of Mr. Zuniga by imposing consecutive sentences without complying with the provisions of R.C.
2929.14 (E)(4).
{¶ 5} "Assignment of Error Number 2
{¶ 6} "The trial court erred to the prejudice of Mr. Zuniga by denying the motion for a mistrial made during voir dire where the prosecution intimated that the defense has an obligation to present evidence, in violation of his due process rights guaranteed under the
Fifth ,Sixth andFourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution.
{¶ 7} "Assignment of Error Number 3
{¶ 8} "Insofar as any of the errors complained of herein are deemed not to have been preserved properly by trial counsel, appellant was denied the effective assistance of counsel to which he is constitutionally entitled."
{¶ 9} The undisputed facts that are relevant to the issues raised on appeal are as follows. As part of an ongoing investigation into drug-related activity, Wayne Johnson, a special agent with the North Carolina Bureau of Criminal Investigation, convinced Nancy Harris, one of the suspects in the investigation, to cooperate with the authorities in exchange for a reduction in the charges against her. As part of the investigation, Harris traveled throughout the country and engaged in controlled purchases of narcotics. Harris testified that she made several trips to and from the North Carolina area, traveling to Toledo, Ohio; Alabama; California and other points, transporting marijuana and cash and she identified appellant as one of the persons with whom she met and for whom she delivered marijuana. She testified that in May 1998, she made a trip to Los Angeles, where she retrieved a suitcase from appellant. The record reflects that in 1998, appellant had entered a guilty plea in California to a charge of possession of marijuana.
{¶ 10} Appellant was charged on September 3, 1999, along with three other individuals, in an indictment consisting of eighteen counts, five of which named appellant. The counts naming appellant were as follows: count one, engaging in a pattern of corrupt activity violation of R.C.
{¶ 11} In his first assignment of error, appellant asserts that the trial court failed to comply with R.C.
{¶ 12} R.C.
{¶ 13} "* * *
{¶ 14} "(b) The harm caused by the multiple offenses was so great or unusual that no single prison term for any of the offenses committed as part of a single course of conduct adequately reflects the seriousness of the offender's conduct;
{¶ 15} "(c) The offender's history of criminal conduct demonstrates that consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime by the offender."
{¶ 16} At appellant's sentencing hearing, the trial court stated: "[The] Court further finds that the defendant is a major drug offender.
{¶ 17} "The Court further finds that as provided for in Revised Code Section
{¶ 18} "It's the further order and sentence of this Court that the sentences for Counts 2, 3 and 18 should be served concurrently to each other and concurrently with the sentence of this Court for Count 1.
{¶ 19} "The Court further finds it is necessary to fulfill the purposes of Revised Code
{¶ 20} "The Court expressly finding that the harm caused was great or unusual, and that defendant's criminal history requires consecutive sentences."
{¶ 21} The language quoted above closely parallels the language of the statute, as appellant notes. Prior to stating those findings, however, and in further support of the sentence imposed, the trial court noted that appellant had been convicted of two felony offenses in the state of California and five felony offenses in Ohio. The trial court also addressed at length the seriousness of appellant's conduct and the effects the purveying of drugs has on many people in our country. The trial court spoke about the major role appellant played in bringing drugs into this country from Mexico, the number of people he employed to help him, and the large amount of drugs involved. The trial court spoke of how appellant did all of this despite knowing that the drugs would be distributed to many people, including children, and that the drugs would bring harm to many lives. The trial court further explained that the large quantity of drugs involved and the number of offenses of which the jury found him guilty made a major impression on the court. The trial court also stressed that it had very carefully reviewed all of the notes taken during the trial, the presentence report, the documentary evidence and the testimony of the witnesses.
{¶ 22} Based on all of the foregoing, this court finds that the trial court adequately complied with the requirements of R.C.
{¶ 23} In his second assignment of error, appellant asserts that the trial court erred by denying his motion for a mistrial made during voir dire. Appellant argues that the prosecutor made a statement which intimated that the defense has an obligation to present evidence.
{¶ 24} During voir dire, the prosecutor made the following statement: "There's a couple things we do need to talk about, hearing things from both sides. Do you think — can you assess credibility? Can you reach a decision if you only hear things from one side?" Defense counsel immediately objected and the objection was sustained. Counsel then approached the bench and moved for a mistrial. The trial court denied the motion.
{¶ 25} Generally, a motion for a mistrial pursuant to Crim.R. 33 is within the sound discretion of the trial court and will not be reconsidered on appeal unless there is an abuse of discretion. State v.Schiebel (1990),
{¶ 26} Upon review of the record of proceedings in this case, this court finds that the prosecutor's remarks did not deprive appellant of his due process rights to a fair trial. The record shows that prior to making the statement to which the defense objected, the prosecutor had acknowledged to the prospective jurors that appellant was presumed innocent. Defense counsel later told the prospective jurors that appellant might testify but explained that appellant had no obligation to "prove anything" and might very well "say nothing." We further note that the trial court instructed the jury as follows: "It is not necessary that the defendant take the witness stand in his own defense. He has a constitutional right not to testify. The fact that he, the defendant, did not testify must not be considered for any purpose." Further, the Supreme Court of Ohio has held that a jury is presumed to follow the instructions given by the trial judge. See State v. Liza (1994),
{¶ 27} In light of the law as summarized above and the record of proceedings in this case, this court finds that the prosecutor's remarks did not deprive appellant of a fair trial and, accordingly, appellant's second assignment of error is not well-taken.
{¶ 28} In his third assignment of error, appellant asserts that he may have been denied the effective assistance of counsel "insofar as trial counsel * * * may be deemed to have waived error." Appellant suggests that trial counsel should have sought a Crim.R. 29(A) motion for acquittal and that his advice to appellant not to testify may have affected the jury's thinking as to guilt. Appellant does not, however, provide any argument in support of either of those two claims. Nonetheless, we note that trial counsel's decision not to make a Crim.R. 29(A) motion for acquittal was a matter of trial strategy and in this case was most likely made in light of the weight of the evidence that had been presented against appellant. See State v. Jenkins (Mar. 31, 1998), Lucas App. No. L-97-1303. Further, as to appellant's other claim, the record reflects that the decision not to testify was appellant's. Based on the foregoing, appellant's third assignment of error is not well-taken.
{¶ 29} On consideration whereof, the judgment of the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Costs of this appeal are assessed to appellant.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Peter M. Handwork, J., Melvin L. Resnick, J., and Richard W. Knepper,J., CONCUR.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.