Rucker v. Davis, Unpublished Decision (6-17-2003)
Rucker v. Davis, Unpublished Decision (6-17-2003)
Opinion of the Court
{¶ 3} According to the complaint, Progressive insured Mr. Rucker at the time of the accident and Travelers insured Mr. Rucker's employer, Mead Corporation, under an automobile insurance policy. The complaint alleged that these policies provided underinsured motorist coverage under which the Ruckers were entitled to collect damages.
{¶ 4} The complaint contained claims for: (1) Mr. Rucker's personal injuries, (2) Mrs. Rucker's personal injuries, (3) Mrs. Rucker's wrongful death, (4) Mr. Rucker's loss of consortium, (5) a declaratory judgment as to Progressive's insurance coverage, and (6) a declaratory judgment as to Travelers insurance coverage.
{¶ 5} All the defendants answered. Progressive cross-claimed against the other defendants. It sought a full judgment against Davis Sr. and Davis Jr. in the event that any judgment was entered against it. As to Travelers, Progressive asserted that Travelers was the primary underinsured coverage to the Ruckers and sought indemnity and/or contribution for any judgment against it.
{¶ 6} On March 15, 2002, the Ruckers sought summary judgment against Progressive.2 The Ruckers argued that they were entitled to the "per occurrence" limits of Progressive's underinsured motorists coverage provisions, instead of the "per person" limits.
{¶ 7} In March 2002, Progressive dismissed, without prejudice, its cross-claims against Davis Sr. and Davis Jr. In May 2002, the Ruckers dismissed, with prejudice, their claims against Davis Sr. and Davis Jr. pursuant to a settlement agreement.
{¶ 8} In June 2002, the trial court determined that: (1) the Progressive policy unambiguously limits each plaintiff to $100,000 per person, (2) That Progressive is not entitled to a $50,000 reduction towards the amount of underinsurance motorist coverage it must provide, and (3) that "Progressive is entitled to a $50,000 setoff from the tortfeasor's per person limit as to Jerry Rucker, Executor of the Estate of Ruth Rucker" because of expenses incurred by wrongful death settlements in probate court.
{¶ 9} The Ruckers appeal the trial court's grant of partial summary judgment to Progressive3 and assert the following assignment of error: [I.] "[Progressive's policy] does not clearly and unambiguously consolidate all of the individual wrongful death claims/damages to a single "per person" policy limit and therefore appellees are entitled to the "per occurrence" limits under that policy."
{¶ 11} Summary judgment is appropriate when the court finds that the following factors have been established: (1) there is no genuine issue as to any material fact; (2) the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3) reasonable minds can come to only one conclusion, and that conclusion is adverse to the nonmoving party, who is entitled to have the evidence construed in his or her favor. Civ.R. 56. See Bostic v. Connor (1988),
{¶ 12} The burden of showing that no genuine issue of material fact exists falls upon the party requesting summary judgment. Dresher v.Burt (1996),
{¶ 13} We review the interpretation of insurance contracts de novo. Nationwide Mut. Fire. Ins. Co. v. Guman Bros. Farm (1995),
{¶ 14} Insurers may impose per-person limits on recovery. Wallacev. Balint (2002),
{¶ 15} The policy language at issue appears under Part III of the policy, the limits of liability section, and provides: "1. the amount shown for `each person' is the most we will pay for all damages due to a bodily injury to one (1) person; 2. subject to that `each person' limit, the amount shown for `each accident' is the most we will pay for all damages due to bodily injury sustained by two (2) or more persons for any one accident." The policy later explains: "The bodily injury Limit of Liability under this Part III for `each person' includes the total of all claims made for such bodily injury and all claims derived from such bodily injury, including, but not limited to, loss of society, loss of companionship, loss of services, loss of consortium, and wrongful death."
{¶ 16} The Ruckers argue that this language is ambiguous and must be construed against Progressive, since it wrote the policy. The Ruckers assert that the word "person" is ambiguous and is not defined anywhere in the policy, and suggest that Progressive should have used the term "insured" or "insured persons" if it meant to limit the term "persons" to only those persons who were insured under the policy. The Ruckers argue that since two "persons", i.e., Mr. and Mrs. Rucker were injured, they should be able to recover under the per occurrence limit.
{¶ 17} We cannot find that the policy language at issue is ambiguous in the manner that the Ruckers suggest. A term is not ambiguous simply because there is a better or more precise term that could have been used. Rather, the term, in the context of the policy contract, must be reasonably susceptible to more than one interpretation. In this context, the word "person" is not subject to more than one definition. While we agree with the Ruckers that the term "insured person" may have been a better choice, the term "person" is not ambiguous.
{¶ 18} The Ruckers' argument focuses only on the term "person" and ignores the entire policy. Because only Mr. Rucker was an insured under the policy, he is the only "person" to whom the limits of liability can apply. Moreover, the policy's language provides that Mr. Rucker's claims that are derived from Mrs. Rucker's injuries, e.g., loss of consortium, are included in his single bodily injury claim.4 Because we find that Mr. Rucker is entitled to only the per person limit, Progressive is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Accordingly, we overrule the Ruckers' only assignment of error and affirm the judgment of the trial court.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Ross County Court of Common Pleas to carry this judgment into execution.
Any stay previously granted by this Court is hereby terminated as of the date of this entry.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Exceptions.
Evans, P.J.: Dissents.
Abele, J.: Concurs in Judgment and Opinion.
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