State v. Morgan, Unpublished Decision (12-9-2005)
State v. Morgan, Unpublished Decision (12-9-2005)
Opinion of the Court
{¶ 2} We conclude that the "public safety" exception to theMiranda rule, set forth in New York v. Quarles (1984),
{¶ 3} We conclude that the trial court did not err in overruling Morgan's motion to suppress. Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is Affirmed.
{¶ 5} Morgan was subsequently indicted on one count of Having Weapons While Under a Disability. Morgan filed a motion to suppress the statements he made and the evidence obtained during his detention. After a hearing, the trial court overruled Morgan's motion to suppress, finding that the officers conducted a Terry stop based on reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. The trial court found that the officers had reasonable suspicion to believe Morgan was involved in the gunshots being fired based on Morgan riding at a high speed from the direction of the gunshots, with his hand in his coat pocket, moments after the officers heard the gunshots. Although the trial court was troubled by the officers' drawing of their weapons to conduct aTerry stop, the trial court found that it was a reasonable measure for their safety given the situation.
{¶ 6} Following the denial of his motion to suppress, Morgan entered a no-contest plea and was found guilty of Having Weapons While Under a Disability. The trial court sentenced Morgan to two years of imprisonment. From his conviction and sentence, Morgan appeals.
{¶ 8} "AS A MATTER OF LAW, THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY OVERRULING THE APPELLANT'S MOTION TO SUPPRESS BECAUSE THE OFFICER'S DID NOT HAVE REASONABLE SUSPICION TO INITIATE A TERRY STOP OF THE APPELLANT.
{¶ 9} "AS A MATTER OF LAW, THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN OVERRULING THE APPELLANT'S MOTION TO SUPPRESS BECAUSE THE TRIAL COURT ERRONEOUSLY CONSIDERED THE STOP TO BE A TERRY STOP AT THE ONSET INSTEAD OF CUSTODIAL INTERROGATION."
{¶ 10} Morgan contends that the trial court erred in overruling his motion to suppress, because the police officer did not have reasonable suspicion to conduct a stop pursuant toTerry v. Ohio (1968),
{¶ 11} A trial court undertakes the position of the trier of fact in a motion to suppress evidence. State v. Retherford
(1994),
{¶ 12} In Miranda, the Supreme Court of the United States held that "the prosecution may not use statements, whether exculpatory or inculpatory, stemming from custodial interrogation of the defendant unless it demonstrates the use of procedural safeguards effective to secure the privilege against self-incrimination. By custodial interrogation, we mean questioning initiated by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody or otherwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way." Id. at 444.
{¶ 13} We first note that there is no evidence that Morgan's statement that he shot the gun up in the air because the group had tried to jump him earlier in the week, uttered in response to the crowd of people that had approached the cruiser, was the product of interrogation. Therefore, Miranda warnings were not required in connection with this statement. However, there is no question that Officer George asked Morgan "Where's the gun?," which did constitute interrogation. Even so, we find that the "public safety" exception to the Miranda rule applies in this case.
{¶ 14} Under the "public safety" exception, a suspect's answers to questions from a police officer are admissible in the absence of a Miranda warning so long as the questions asked of the suspect are "reasonably prompted by a concern for the public safety." New York v. Quarles (1984),
{¶ 15} We find that the Officer George's question, "Where's the gun?," was reasonably prompted by a concern for public as well as police safety. Officers Barnes and George observed Morgan, around midnight, riding a bicycle at a high speed away from an area from which they had heard three gunshots just moments before. When the officers turned a spotlight on Morgan, Officer Barnes observed Morgan's right hand inside his coat pocket. The officers could reasonably suspect that Morgan had just fired a weapon and still had access to that weapon. Because we conclude that the "public safety" exception to the Miranda rule applies in this case, Miranda warnings were not required before Officer George asked "Where's the gun?," and Morgan replied that it was in his pocket.
{¶ 16} Therefore, we conclude that the trial court did not err in overruling Morgan's motion to suppress. Accordingly, Morgan's first and second assignments of error are overruled.
Brogan, P.J., and Grady, J., concur.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- State of Ohio v. Tyrone Morgan
- Cited By
- 3 cases
- Status
- Unpublished