McGregor v. State
McGregor v. State
Opinion of the Court
ORDER DENYING APPLICATION FOR POST-CONVICTION RELIEF, AND MOTION FOR DISCOVERY
Billy Keith McGregor was tried by jury before the Honorable Gregg ■ Smith in the District Court of Hughes County. In Case No. CRF-85-38 he was convicted of First Degree Murder in violation of 21 O.S.1991, § 701.7(A). At the conclusion of the first stage of trial, the jury returned a verdict of guilty. During sentencing, the jury found 1) the murder was especially heinous, atrocious, or cruel; and 2) the murder was committed for the purpose of avoiding or preventing a lawful arrest or prosecution. McGregor was sentenced to death for the murder conviction. McGregor appealed his judgments and sentences to this Court and we affirmed.
On August 19, 1996, McGregor filed an Application for Post-Conviction Relief directly with this Court.
In Proposition I McGregor claims that the “clear and convincing” standard of evidence applied in the trial court’s evaluation of his competency to stand trial violates his right to due process. McGregor bases this claim on Cooper v. Oklahoma,
McGregor alleges ineffective assistance of trial counsel in Propositions II, IV and VIII. Ineffective assistance of trial counsel claims raised in capital post-conviction appeals are properly before this Court only if they require fact-finding outside the direct appeal record.
In Proposition II McGregor claims trial counsel was ineffective because he failed to apply under Ake v. Oklahoma
McGregor alleges that these claims are properly before this Court because they depend on facts outside the direct appeal record. He supports Proposition II with citation to the trial record and affidavits. In support of Proposition IV he provides a Gan-nett News Service Report (comprised of articles written in 1982) and references a 1978 lawsuit which alleged that the Department of Human Services engaged in inhumane and unconstitutional treatment of children. In support of Proposition VIII he attaches affidavits from McGregor’s friends and family which describe the truck’s location and unsecured state prior to the search.
Proposition II does not depend on facts outside the record on appeal. The facts in support of Propositions IV and VIII are certainly not in the direct appeal record. However, the statutory phrase “fact-finding outside the direct appeal record” was never meant to negate the principle of waiver. Counsel was aware that McGregor had been a ward of the court and in juvenile custody during his youth. The persons in possession of the chain-of-custody evidence were known to trial counsel. McGregor shows no reason why counsel could not have raised these claims either at trial or on appeal. The category of items requiring fact-finding outside the direct appeal record does not include those items that trial counsel had the ability to discover.
McGregor alleges ineffective assistance of appellate counsel in Propositions II, III, V, VI, and VIII. Ineffective assistance of appellate counsel claims are properly before us only if the Court finds that if the allegations were true, the performance of appellate counsel would constitute the denial of reasonably competent assistance of appellate counsel under prevailing professional norms.
In Proposition V, McGregor claims appellate counsel was ineffective for failing to raise the following issues: (1) that the competency jury was instructed on the incorrect
A review of the record reveals that appellate counsel faded to raise the Proposition V issues on direct appeal.
McGregor also filed a motion for discovery on August 19, 1996.
McGregor specifically requests (1) all notes and records of polygraph tests McGregor may have taken regarding this crime or other area disappearances; (2) complete medical and psychiatric records from the Department of Corrections; (3) all prescription records from a Wynnewood pharmacist which refer to McGregor; and (4) the complete Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation file on McGregor in this and any other cases. McGregor offers no information suggesting that he ever took a polygraph, but claims that even an attempt to take that test could provide exculpatory evidence. This is speculation and does not meet the threshold requirements for a successful discovery
We have carefully reviewed McGregor’s applications for post-conviction relief and discovery and find that he is not entitled to relief. The Application for Post-Conviction Relief and Motion for Discovery are DENIED.
. McGregor v. State, 885 P.2d 1366 (Okl.Cr. 1994). McGregor's first conviction was overturned because his constitutional rights were violated when he was denied state funds for a psychiatrist to assist in his defense under Ake v. Oklahoma, 470 U.S. 68, 105 S.Ct. 1087, 84 L.Ed.2d 53 (1985). McGregor v. State, 754 P.2d 1216 (Okl.Cr. 1988). He relied on an insanity defense and was convicted again in a 1988 retrial.
. McGregor v. Oklahoma, — U.S. —, 116 S.Ct. 95, 133 L.Ed.2d 50 (1995).
. 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089 provides that an original application for post-conviction relief shall be filed with this Court rather than the District Court in which the case was tried. This Court directed the State to respond to Proposition V(2)(b) of the original Application.
. Walker v. State, 933 P.2d 327 (Okl.Cr. 1997).
. 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(C).
. 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(D)(4)(a).
. Fowler v. State, 896 P.2d 566, 569 (Okl.Cr. 1995); Fox v. State, 880 P.2d 383, 385 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, — U.S. — 115 S.Ct. 1318, 131 L.Ed.2d 199 (1994).
. Moore v. State, 889 P.2d 1253, 1255 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 116 S.Ct. 215, 133 L.Ed.2d 146 (1995); Fowler v. Oklahoma, 873 P.2d 1053, 1056 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, 513 U.S. 1061, 115 S.Ct. 673, 130 L.Ed.2d 606 (1994); Mann v. State, 856 P.2d 992, 993 (Okl.Cr. 1993), cert. denied, 511 U.S. 1100, 114 S.Ct. 1869, 128 L.Ed.2d 490 (1994); Walker v. State, 826 P.2d 1002, 1005 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, 506 U.S. 898, 113 S.Ct. 280, 121 L.Ed.2d 207 (1992).
. Moore, 889 P.2d at 1255-56; Fowler, 873 P.2d at 1056-57; Johnson v. State, 823 P.2d 370 (Okl.Cr. 1991), cert. denied, 504 U.S. 926, 112 S.Ct. 1984, 118 L.Ed.2d 582 (1992).
. Proposition of error barred by res judicata:
VII. The trial court denied McGregor’s rights under the Fifth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution and Article II, sections 7 and 9 of the Oklahoma Constitution by not properly responding to the jury's query concerning what would happen to McGregor if he was sentenced to life without parole; [McGregor suggests we should reconsider this decision in light of Simmons v. South Carolina, 512 U.S. 154, 114 S.Ct. 2187, 129 L.Ed.2d 133 (1994) (error not to inform jury that defendant was ineligible for parole). Simmons does not decide a new rule of law which would apply in this case. Trice v. State, 912 P.2d 349, 352 (Okl.Cr. 1996). The request for reconsideration is not properly before us.] Propositions of error barred by waiver:
III. The trial court's failure to conduct a competency hearing sua sponte based on McGre-gor's inability to assist counsel at trial denied McGregor due process of law; [Reviewing this claim in the context of ineffective assistance of appellate counsel and not the underlying substantive claim, we find no error as set forth in the opinion.]
VI. The search of McGregor's pickup truck was conducted in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments as it was involuntary and outside of the scope of McGregor's consent; and [Reviewing this claim in the context of ineffective assistance of appellate counsel and not the underlying substantive claim, we find no error as set forth in the opinion]. VIII. The trial court admission of evidence obtained from McGregor's motor vehicle for which no proper chain of custody has been established was reversible error. [McGregor brings this as a claim of ineffective assistance of trial and appellate counsel. The claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel requires no fact-finding outside the direct appeal record and is not properly before us. Reviewing the proposition in the context of ineffective assistance of appellate counsel and not the underlying substantive claim, we find no error as set forth in the opinion.]
. — U.S. —, 116 S.Ct. 1373, 134 L.Ed.2d 498 (1996).
. Walker, 933 P.2d at 339.
. 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(D)(4)(b)(l). This Court has held that a claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel based on matters presented to the trial court and included in the record on appeal should be raised on direct appeal, and is waived if not raised at that time. Boyd v. State, 915 P.2d 922, 926 (Okl.Cr. 1996); Berget v. State, 907 P.2d 1078, 1082-85 (Okl.Cr. 1995), cert. de
. 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(D)(4)(b)(l). Material submitted to this Court with the original application for post-conviction relief constitutes the record on post-conviction. Section 1089(D)(4)(b)(l) clearly implies that material will he presented to this Court for the first time in order to facilitate claims of ineffective assistance of trial counsel requiring fact-finding outside the direct appeal record. This Court need not remand these claims for an evidentiary hearing if our review of the materials presented shows that the material either (1) does not require fact-finding outside the direct record, or (2) contains no controverted, previously unresolved issues of fact material to a petitioner's confinement. If we determine that either of these conditions exists, we will remand the issue for a hearing in the district court, as required by § 1089(D)(5).
. 470 U.S. 68, 105 S.Ct. 1087, 84 L.Ed.2d 53 (1985).
. See LaFevers v. State, 934 P.2d 356, n. 10 (Okl.Cr. 1997) (propositions depending on facts either known to trial counsel or which could have been obtained through reasonable diligence do not fall within § 1089(D)(4)(1).
. 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(D)(4)(b)(2).
. Walker, 933 P.2d at 334. We (1) determine whether counsel actually committed the act giving rise to the allegation, and (2) if so, ask whether counsel's performance was sufficient under prevailing professional norms. If a petitioner sets forth facts and law enabling us to assess counsel's allegedly deficient performance, we may consider the mishandled substantive claim and (3) determine whether that claim meets the statutory requirements for review under 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089.
. In Walker, 933 P.2d at 336, we applied the statutorily mandated three-tiered analysis to an ineffective assistance of appellate counsel claim involving the failure to raise a Cooper issue, and concluded that such an omission — in and of itself — does not constitute deficient performance.
. Walker, 933 P.2d at 336.
. Id.
. McGregor appears to request an evidentiary hearing. His application title includes the phrase “request for evidentiary hearing”, but no such request is made in the eight propositions of error claimed in the application. A request for an evidentiary hearing is included as "Proposition Nine” in McGregor's First Addendum, Argument and Authorities. Proposition Nine is not properly before us.
. Rojem v. State, 925 P.2d 70, 74 (Okl.Cr. 1996); Hooks v. State, 902 P.2d 1120, 1125 (Okl.Cr. 1995), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 116 S.Ct. 1440, 134 L.Ed.2d 561 (1996).
. 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(D)(3).
. Rule 9.7(D)(5), Rules of the Court of Criminal Appeals, 22 O.S.Supp.1995, Ch. 18 App. If McGregor meets this burden, this Court will remand the issue for an evidentiary hearing and determine the scope of discovery, which will be allowed in the district court. Rule 9.7(D)(6).
. Rule 9.7(D)(3). McGregor has not shown why his statements in relation to other cases are even relevant.
Concurring Opinion
concurring in result:
I concur, based on stare decisis, in the discussion dealing with ineffective counsel. See Walker v. State, 933 P.2d 327, 341-44 (Okl.Cr. 1997) (Lumpkin, J., concur in results). I also write separately to further discuss briefly the so-called first “prong” of the test this Court uses for ineffective counsel in post-conviction proceedings.
This case, together with the other eases applying the Walker methodology, graphically illustrates the point I made in Walker. Simply requiring a petitioner show “appellate counsel actually committed the act which gave rise to the ineffective assistance allegation,” Walker at 333, is in reality — at least on the surface — no requirement at all, and does nothing to differentiate one case from another. As I do not believe this Court actually committed time and resources toward the formulation of a test the first part of which is essentially worthless, I must conclude there is more to this first “prong” than meets the eye. There must be more of a requirement to satisfy the prong than merely allowing post-conviction counsel to raise it in the brief.
I need not get into an extensive discussion at this point. Suffice it to say here that, as more cases are presented to this Court, it may become necessary to elucidate with more precision exactly what requirements must be met to satisfy the first prong of this new test.
. We require citation of authority and specific references to the record to successfully raise an issue on appeal in all other cases or it is waived. The same should be required here.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting.
I dissent and would remand this case to the trial court for a proper determination of competency for the same reasons I dissented in Walker v. State, 933 P.2d 327, 344 (Okl.Cr. 1997).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Billy Keith McGREGOR, Petitioner, v. the STATE of Oklahoma, Respondent
- Cited By
- 43 cases
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- Published