Puett v. Miller
Puett v. Miller
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
{1 Appellant, Brian Miller, and Appellee, Tracy Puett, are the natural parents of A.M., their daughter, born October 21, 1992. Appellant and Appellee were never married. A paternity action established Appellant as the father, and a Decree of Paternity was filed on September 17, 1998. Appellee was awarded custody. Appellant was granted visitation and was ordered to pay child support. Appellant later filed a motion to modify custody. He alleged: Appellee failed to provide a stable home environment; she leaves AM. with family or friends for extended periods of time; her income is not adequate to provide for the needs of A.M.; she has placed A.M. and herself in possible physical danger; and, she is constantly moving, causing Appellant to be unable to have consistent visitation. Appellant has employment, is able to provide a stable home environment, and it would be in the best interests of A.M. to place custody in Appellant. Prior to the court's ruling on Appellant's motion, Appellee made allegations that Appellant had sexually abused A.M.
2 The court rendered an "interim order" on March 3,
13 In the order, the parties were ordered, inter alia, to complete eight weeks of parenting classes, not to smoke, use drugs or al
T4 Judge Clancy Smith, who issued the March 3, 1998 order, later recused herself from the case because Appellant's mother became the judge's employee. A judge from a different county, Judge Charles Humphreys, III, was assigned to the case. On February 25, 1999, the court ruled on the motion to modify. An order, not filed until August 19, 1999, recited the March 3, 1998, "interim order" had been issued by Judge Clancy Smith, who found the standards of Gibbons v. Gibbons
15 Appellant filed a motion for new trial, which was denied. For reversal, Appellant contends:
1. The trial court's decision to grant Ap-pellee custody of the child was erroneous, considering that Judge Smith previously granted Appellant's motion to modify custody.
2. The court's decision to grant Appellee custody is not supported by fact.
'I 6 Appellant first contends the facts relating to custody and the best interests of A.M., as determined in the March 3, 1998 interim order, are conclusive and may not be relit-igated. Appellant argues that the court may modify its previous order only if new evidence is presented alleging facts unknown at the time of the previous order, citing Stewart v. Stewart, 1980 OK 160, 619 P.2d 606. However, in the instant case, the March 3, 1998 order was specifically termed an "interim order", effective only until July 6, 1998. See also 483 0.8. Supp.1998 § 112(A)(8), Care and Custody of Children, identical to the current statute, 483 0.8. Supp.2000 § 112(A)(3), which provides that the court may modify or change any custody order whenever cireum-stances make the change proper, either before or after final judgment. The court obviously intended to order joint custody only on a short term basis, followed by a review within approximately 120 days. Included as a finding of fact in the order was that Appellant had not had A.M. in his care for any extended period of time. The court was concerned about Appellant's lack of experience in caring for a child, and obviously had reservations about Appellee as well. The order shows that at that time, the court found a material change in cireumstances had been shown and that a change in the existing arrangement was necessary, to be followed by a review of the situation at a later date.
17 Since the entry of the interim order, Appellant obtained a divorce after a brief marriage and returned to live with his parents. He had steady employment and was going to college part-time, one night per week. He testified his father took A.M. to school because he had to be at work at 6:80 am. Appellant testified he picked A.M. up after school everyday at 3:80. Appellant tes
T8 Appellee had remained in the same employment since the entry of the interim order, and was purchasing a residence, formerly owned by her grandmother, on a contract for deed arrangement. She testified she no longer lived with her allegedly abusive boyfriend. She stated that during her week of custody, she spent time only with her daughter and did not see her adult friends, although her brother and his friends would sometimes come to her home. She testified she took her daughter to school each morning and picked her up after she got off work. She denied using corporal punishment on her daughter, although she stated Appellant uses it. Appellee stated A.M.'s teacher told her that A.M. had problems with the joint custody living arrangements.
19 A change in custody will not be disturbed on appeal unless it is so clearly against the weight of the evidence as to constitute an abuse of discretion. Coget v. Coget, 1998 OK CIV APP 164, 966 P.2d 816, citing David v. David, 1969 OK 164, 460 P.2d 116. Both parties testified they had performed every requirement ordered by the court in the interim order.
110 Dr. Barnes testified she thought it would be in A.M.'s best interests if Appellant received sole custody. She said he is a nurturing parent and interacts very appropriate, ly with A.M. as a parent. She also testified she is concerned about Appellee's ability to control A.M. when she observed her playing aggressively. She said A.M. was argumentative and did not obey Appellee when Appel-lee told A.M. to stop sticking out her tongue. In contrast, A.M. had been very compliant when she was there with Appellant. Dr. Barnes stated she had many concerns about Appellee's adequacy in parenting, although she testified in February, 1999, that she had not seen Appellee and AM. interact since January, 1997.
{[ 11 The trial court made the finding in the order on appeal that the joint custody arrangement is not a workable one. While we agree with that finding, the evidence presented did not establish the Gibbons requirement that the temporal, moral and mental welfare of A.M. would be better if custody is awarded to Appellee. Dr. Barnes testified she did not see a negative impact on A.M. by the fact Appellant lives with his parents. Appellant's previous lack of experience in caring for A.M. has changed, and the evidence shows an intent on his part to be a part of A.M.'s life. The evidence also shows Appellant's influence on her has had a positive effect. The court's modification of the previous order, by awarding sole custody to Appellee, was against the clear weight of the evidence, and the order overruling Appellant's motion for new trial was an abuse of discretion.
112 This Court reviews the evidence in an equity case to determine whether the trial court's order is contrary to the clear weight of the evidence, and if it is, shall enter the judgment that should have been entered. Carpenter v. Carpenter, 1982 OK 38, 645 P.2d 476. Under the clear weight of the evidence presented, we hold custody should be awarded to Appellant.
114 REVERSED AND REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS.
. - The order was not filed until July 19, 1999.
. - 'Under these basic rules, the burden of proof is upon the parent asking that custody be changed from the other parent to make it appear: (a) that, since the making of the order sought to be modified, there has been a permanent, substantial and material change of conditions which directly af fect the best interests of the minor child, and (b) that, as a result of such change in conditions, the minor child would be substantially better off, with respeci to its temporal and its mental and moral welfare, if the requested change in custody be ordered." Gibbons v. Gibbons, 1968 OK 77, 442 P.2d 482, 485.
. Appellant admitted he had spanked A.M., contrary to the order as to corporal punishment. Appellee testified that, although she said she went outside to smoke, she did continue to smoke, contrary to the order. If A.M. saw her smoking, she put out her cigarette and went about her business. Appellant testified A.M.'s clothes and hair smelled like smoke when he picked her up from Appellee's house.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting,
T1 If we apply the equitable standard of review correctly here, we must affirm even though the evidence would have allowed a different result, unless we determine the decision is "clearly against the weight of the evidence".
1 2 It is for the trial court to determine the credibility of the witnesses and the weight and value to give to their testimony.. Estate of Lovely, 1993 OK CIV APP 3, 848 P.2d 51.
{ 3 I would affirm the trial court.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.