State v. Sunderland
State v. Sunderland
Opinion of the Court
Defendant was convicted in a trial by the court of rape of his 16-year-old daughter. ORS 163.220.
Assignments of error on appeal are: (1) that there was delay in taking him before a magistrate after he was arrested, and that, consequently, oral and written admissions made by him should have been excluded; and (2) that acquittal should have been ordered because there was insufficient evidence of force in the alleged rape.
Defendant was arrested ón a warrant during the
Defendant asserts that the statements are inadmissible by reason of the alleged violation of OES 133.-550, and also the Fourteenth Amendment to the Hnited States Constitution, and Oregon Constitution, Art I, § 11. The substance of the contention is that the McNabb-Mallory rule applies in Oregon since the 1963 enactment of OES 133.550. This rule does not apply to states, but is applicable to proceedings in federal courts.
“The defendant shall in all eases be taken before the magistrate without delay.”
ORS 136.545 provides that if a magistrate fails to give information required by ORS 133.610 when the defendant is taken before him, any evidence obtained directly or indirectly as a result of that failure is inadmissible.
Interpreting all of the above statutory provisions in 1965, the Oregon Supreme Court in State v. Allen, 239 Or 524, 529, 398 P2d 477 (1965), said:
* * The state must take an arrested person promptly before a magistrate as is demanded by ORS 133.550 so that his rights may be explained to him by an impartial judicial officer. In the event that conditions make it impossible to comply with ORS 133.550 prior to talcing such statements as the prisoner may want to give them, then the police must see to it that they explain his rights to him in a manner consistent with our recent decision in State v. Neely, supra [239 Or 487, 395 P2d 557, 398 P2d 482 (1964)].” (Emphasis supplied.)
Despite the extended and vigorous argument in the brief filed by the Public Defender on defendant’s be
“* =* * [T]he Court does find that he was brought before a magistrate promptly on the next judicial day following his arrest and that objection will also be overruled.”
Failure to take the defendant before a magistrate on New Tear’s Eve or New Tear’s Day, times when the magistrate would not be expected to be holding preliminary hearings or arraignments, was not a “delay” within the meaning of OES 133.550.
Obviously, a metropolitan area district court would be busy on the morning of the first court day after the New Year holiday. The only real evidence about any possible delay prior to appearing before a magistrate was that defendant appeared at 11:15 a.m. on January 2, and that was the time when the detective said, “* * * we could get him into Court * * We hold that this, under these circumstances, was not delay in violation of the statute.
Under the language quoted from State v. Allen, 239 Or 524, 398 P2d 477 (1965), the officers were not prohibited from questioning the defendant, in conformance with the rules which apply to such situations, during the interval in which they were waiting to take the defendant into court. The defendant makes no contention that any of his statements were not true, or were involuntary or coerced.
With reference to the second assignment of error, that there was insufficient evidence of the element of force requisite to prove rape, we conclude that this was a question for the factfinder. Besides testimony of the victim that she physically resisted and was too tired to resist further, she related threats that her father had made on previous occasions about violence he would use against her mother in the event that the girl reported her father’s sexual advances. An example of this testimony is the following:
“Q You say he threatened to kill your mother. When did he make such a threat if you told?
“A All the time.
*7 “Q What do yon mean by that?
“A Anytime he would get mad or something. He would say remember Bolivar. Or he would get drunk and he would remind us of Bolivar and he said that is what would happen to your mother.
“Q What did he mean by that?
“A It was' a calf that he bashed the head in of.”
On cross-examination:
“Q How did he happen to Mil Bolivar ?
“A Smashed its head with a sledge hammer.
“Q Why?
“A Because it was blind.”
The defendant testified that Bolivar was a defective calf he Mlled for and at the request of its owner, and he had no firearm available. He denied the threats. If the girl’s testimony is believed, it is obvious that she, in such a family atmosphere, had reason to fear her father. The language .of the Oregon Supreme Court in State of Oregon v. Risen, 192 Or 557, 562, 235 P2d 764 (1951), is applicable:
“* * * Where submission of a girl is induced ‘through the coercion of one whom she is accustomed to obey, such as a parent or one standing in loco parentis,’ the law is satisfied with less than a showing of the utmost physical resistance of which she was capable. [Citations omitted.]”
The trial judge, when he rendered his verdict, said:
“# # * but the court feels under the circumstances that there was sufficient force and coercion on the part of the defendant to justify the verdict * * (Emphasis supplied.)
The judgment is affirmed.
The McNabb-Mdllory rule is the federal rule pronounced in McNabb v. United States, 318 US 332, 63 S Ct 608, 87 L Ed 819
“The mere iact that there is a delay [in holding a preliminary hearing], even of several days, does not vitiate the proceedings nor invalidate a conviction, where such delay * * * is caused by holidays * * 4 Wharton, Criminal Law & Procedure § 1619 (Cum Supp 1970 at p 64, n 14).
070rehearing
ON REHEARING
Former opinion of this court adhered to.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- STATE OF OREGON, Respondent, v. ROBERT LEROY SUNDERLAND, Appellant
- Cited By
- 6 cases
- Status
- Published