No. 634 July 9, 2025 845 This is a nonprecedential memorandum opinion pursuant to ORAP 10.30 and may not be cited except as provided in ORAP 10.30(1).

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF OREGON SET WAI AUNG, Petitioner-Appellant, v. Jamie MILLER, Superintendent, Snake River Correctional Institution, Defendant-Respondent.

Malheur County Circuit Court 14081095P; A183025 Lung S. Hung, Judge.

Submitted May 28, 2025.

Corbin Brooks and Equal Justice Law filed the brief for appellant.

Ellen F. Rosenblum, Attorney General, Benjamin Gutman, Solicitor General, and Patrick M. Ebbett, Assistant Attorney General, filed the brief for respondent.

Before Tookey, Presiding Judge, Kamins, Judge, and Jacquot, Judge.

JACQUOT, J.

Affirmed.

846 Aung v. Miller JACQUOT, J.

On appeal from a judgment denying post-conviction relief, petitioner argues that the post-conviction court erred when it denied relief on his claims of ineffective assistance of trial counsel. The post-conviction court found that trial counsel was ineffective in failing to object to the use of a leg restraint on petitioner but determined that petitioner was not prejudiced by that failure because the jury did not see the restraint. The court further found the evidence peti- tioner presented regarding other prejudice was not credi- ble. In two assignments of error, petitioner argues that we should reconsider our prior decisions indicating that prej- udice is not presumed if the jury did not see petitioner’s restraints and, alternatively, that the post-conviction court erred in its prejudice analysis in his case. We affirm.

Petitioner appealed his denial of post-conviction relief once before, and we reversed and remanded for the court to consider, under the correct legal standard, whether petitioner was prejudiced by his trial counsel’s failure to object to the use of leg restraints. Aung v. Cain, 319 Or App 498, 505-06, 511 P3d 73, rev den, 370 Or 214 (2022). We instructed the court to determine whether the restraints were visible to the jury to determine whether prejudice was presumed, and then determine whether petitioner submit- ted evidence of prejudice in order to prevail on his claim for ineffective assistance of counsel. Id. On remand, the post-conviction court determined that the leg restraint was not visible to the jury and that petitioner failed to show that he suffered prejudice from his trial counsel’s failure to object. Petitioner appeals that judgment.

We review the post-conviction court’s denial of relief for legal error. Green v. Franke, 357 Or 301, 312, 350 P3d 188 (2015). We are bound by the post-conviction court’s findings of historical fact if those findings are supported by the evi- dence in the record. Id. If the post-conviction court did not make express findings, we will presume that it decided the facts consistently with its legal conclusions. Id. To succeed on a claim of inadequate assistance of counsel, a petitioner Nonprecedential Memo Op: 341 Or App 845 (2025) 847 must show (1) that trial counsel failed to exercise reason- able professional skill and judgment, and (2) that the peti- tioner suffered prejudice as a result. Id. A petitioner may establish prejudice by demonstrating that counsel’s failure “could have tended to affect” the outcome of the proceedings, meaning “more than mere possibility, but less than proba- bility.” Id. at 322-23.

First, petitioner argues that we should reconsider our decision in Sproule v. Coursey, 276 Or App 417, 367 P3d 946, rev den, 359 Or 777 (2016). Sproule is established prece- dent that we followed in petitioner’s prior appeal. Petitioner does not explain why Sproule is “plainly wrong” so as to sat- isfy our rigorous standard to overrule precedent, as opposed to merely disagreeing with its holding. State v. Civil, 283 Or App 395, 415, 417, 388 P3d 1185 (2017) (“Mere disagreement, however, is not—and cannot be—a sufficient justification for overruling precedent. Rather, the prudential principles that undergird stare decisis, as well as practical institutional considerations, require more. Much more. * * * [D]ue regard for stare decisis and our predecessors’ collegial commitment demands that ‘plainly wrong’ be a rigorous standard, sat- isfied only in exceptional circumstances.”). Accordingly, we reject petitioner’s argument regarding Sproule.

Second, petitioner argues that the post-conviction court erred by failing to consider and address his arguments that the restraint prejudiced him because he was self-con- scious about being unable to stand in the courtroom and the restraint caused him to recall trauma from being kidnapped in his country of birth. Although the court did not make express findings regarding those arguments, the court found not credible his “most viable” reasoning for why the restraint prejudiced him. Further, the court found that “all questions presented were decided” and found petitioner not credible in each of its conclusions. Even though the court did not expressly address the arguments petitioner identifies on appeal, because it necessarily rejected them, we presume that the court implicitly made factual findings consistent with those legal conclusions. See Green, 357 Or at 312.

Affirmed.