Rice v. Palatine Insrance
Rice v. Palatine Insrance
Opinion of the Court
Opinion by
This action is brought upon a policy of insurance against loss by fire. The property insured was a house and barn. Both were totally destroyed. The defendant alleges that the court below erred in not holding the company to be free from liability, because of failure by the plaintiff to furnish proofs of loss as required by the policy, and because the amount of the loss was not ascertained by agreement of the parties or by appraisal, as stipulated by the policy. It is further alleged that there was no waiver of these stipulations shown, and that the court below erred in submitting the question of waiver to the jury.
These facts, taken together with the company’s alleged demand for an appraisement (which was only demandable upon an admitted liability for some amount, Mentz v. Armenia Fire Ins. Co., 79 Pa. 478; Snowden v. Kittanning Ins. Co., 122 Pa. 510) seem to us sufficient to warrant the submission to the jury of the question whether the defendant company did not accept the plaintiff’s statements made at the ruins, and there reduced to writing by the representative of the company, as a sufficient statement of loss, and waive the obligation to furnish a formal statement in terms required by the policy. It was said, in 1859, that it is no new doctrine “ that insurers may waive ob
But further than this, it is undenied that the loss was total; that the house and barn were entirely destroyed. Where there has been a total loss, notice thereof communicated to the company has been frequently held to operate as a waiver of detailed and formal proofs, unless the company requires such proofs to be furnished: Lycoming County Mutual Ins. Co. v. Schollenberger, 44 Pa. 259; Carey .v. Allemania Fire Ins. Co., 171 Pa. 209 ; Penna. Fire Ins. Co. v. Dougherty, 102 Pa. 568; Roe v. Dwelling House Ins. Co., 149 Pa. 94; Farmer’s Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Moyer, 97 Pa. 441; Susquehanna Mutual Fire Ins. Co. v. Staats, 102 Pa. 529; Susquehanna Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Cusick, 109 Pa. 157; Hower v. Susquehanna Mutual Fire Ins. Co., 9 Pa. Superior Ct. 153; Thierolf v. Universal Fire Ins. Co., 110 Pa. 37; Davis v. Fireman’s Fund Ins. Co., 5 Pa. Superior Ct. 506. Here the amount to be paid for each of the two buildings in case of a total loss was fixed, and the company had ample knowledge that a total loss had taken place. Upon the plaintiff’s showing, knowledge was brought home to the general representative of the company that the loss was total. He verified the fact by inspection and accepted verbal statements of the insured which were reduced to writing by the representative of the company. In the authorities cited, we find a further reason for holding the proof of waiver sufficient at least to require the question of waiver to be submitted to the jury. “ As a rule the law does not require vain things, and technical proofs could but restate that of which the company was already fully informed, hence to insist upon them in a case like that in hand, would be to oppose the barest technicality as a bar to the plaintiff’s right to recover a strictly honest claim: ” Ins. Co. v. Dougherty, supra. See also Earley v. Mutual Fire Ins. Co., 178 Pa. 631.
The defendant contends that the principle applicable to
We pass to a consideration of the failure to secure an ascertainment of the loss by agreement of the parties or by an appraisement. It has been often held that suit by the insured without preliminary appraisement is sustainable because the agreement being revocable does not bind him. The identical clauses now before us were passed upon by the Supreme Court in the very recent case of Needy v. German American Ins. Co., 197 Pa. 460. See cases there cited. But assuming the clause requiring appraisement to be enforceable, it is not operative until there has been an honest effort made to agree upon the amount of the loss. When this effort has failed, and not until then, “ can either party have a right to. say, we differ and our points of difference must be referred to arbitrament under the terms of the policy: ” Boyle v. Hainburg-Bremen Fire Ins. Co., 169 Pa. 349. A scrutiny of the evidence fails to disclose any honest effort on the part of the company to reach an agreement as to the amount
The appellant alleges that the statement of claim fails to aver performance of the conditions of the policy or a waiver. The language of the statement is that the plaintiff “ has fully complied with the terms of said policy so far as the law requires him to do so.” An affidavit of defense was filed, which, so far as we are informed, took no exception to the form of the statement. The defendant entered pleas of non assumpsit and payment with leave, etc. No demurrer was filed to the statement and no rule for a more specific statement was entered. The language quoted is not specific, and had objection been promptly made it may be that amendment would have been required. As it stands it is sufficiently general to cover the proofs introduced in support of the claim upon the policy. See State Ins. Co. v. Todd, 83 Pa. 280. It is not bad because of failure to show a cause of action. It is but a loose statement of a good cause of action.
The assignments of error are dismissed and the judgment is affirmed.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Rice v. Palatine Insurance Company, Limited, of Manchester, England
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- 2 cases
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- Syllabus
- Insurance — Fire insurance — Proof of loss — Waiver—Total loss. Where a house and barn are insured under the same policy, and the amount to be paid for each of the two buildings in case of a total loss is fixed, and there is a total loss, and the general representative of the company is notified, verifies the fact by inspection, and accepts verbal statements of the insured which are reduced to writing by the company’s representative, and sixty days after the fire an adjuster is sent to adjust the loss, the question is for the jury whether the company has not waived a stipulation in the policy requiring sworn proofs of loss within sixty days after the fire. Where a policy of fire insurance provides that an “ ascertainment or estimate shall be made by the insured and this company, or if they differ then by appraisers,” the company must show that an honest effort was made to agree upon the amount of the loss before it can estop the insured by setting up the failure of the insured to show an appraiser. Insurance — Fire insurance — Statement—Pleading. In an action upon a policy of fire insurance where the plaintiff in his statement avers that he “ has fully complied with the terms of said policy so far as the law requires him to do so,” and no exception is taken to the form of his statement by an affidavit of defense, demurrer, or rule for a . more specific statement, and the defendant enters pleas of non assumpsit, payment with leave, etc., the defendant cannot after trial on the merits and on appeal allege that the statement failed to aver performance of the conditions of the policy, or a waiver. Such a statement is but a loose statement of a good cause of action which might have been required to have been made more specific by amendment, if objection had been promptly made.