Lett v. Volatile
Lett v. Volatile
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
Petitioner seeks a writ of habeas corpus ordering his release from the Armed Forces, into which he was inducted in December, 1970, pursuant to an allegedly unlawful induction order. We held a brief hearing, at which petitioner’s Selective Service file was offered in evidence and at which Lett was the only witness.
Lett was reclassified I-A by his Local Board in July, 1969, when his student deferment expired. He sought a personal appearance with the Board, but failed to appear on the date set because he was out of the country. Following that failure, his Local Board reopened his case and reclassified him I-A. Within 30 days thereafter, on September 27, 1969, Lett wrote the Board that he was appealing his classification because he objected in conscience to the war in Vietnam and because he was a full-time graduate student.
Petitioner’s first contention is that the Local Board should have sent him SSS Form 150 before induction, and that its failure to do so invalidates the induction order. We recently held that where a Local Board is aware of a registrant’s statement “which sufficiently approximates a prima facie claim of conscientious objection that the Local Board would have had to be aware that there was a substantial likelihood that he was a conscientious objector,” it must send him a Form 150 under the applicable regulation, 32 C.F.R. 1621.11. United States v. Bowser, 327 F.Supp. 755 (E.D.Pa., filed June 7, 1971). Since the Supreme Court decided in Ehlert v. United States, 402 U.S. 99, 91 S.Ct.
We must decide whether Lett’s statements in that letter meet the test laid down in Bowser. The long paragraph dealing with his objection to the war in Vietnam focuses exclusively on reasons for morally opposing that war, with the possible exception of the reference to his belief that “a Supreme Being has established a fundamental law decrying the foisting of a will on a weaker nation by a stronger nation.” The Supreme Court recently ruled that § 6(j) of the Military Selective Service Act of 1967, 50 U.S.C. App. § 456(j), which is the only statutory authority for excusing conscientious objectors from combatant training and service, can bear only one meaning:
“ * * * [T]hat conscientious scruples relating to war and military service must amount to conscientious opposition to participating personally in any war and all war. * * * ”
Gillette v. United States, 401 U.S. 437, 443, 91 S.Ct. 828, 832, 28 L.Ed.2d 168, 176 (1971).
Lett’s statements give no indication that his conscientious scruples against war extended beyond the Vietnam conflict or similar wars. In addition, he suggested in the letter that he might not conscientiously oppose personal participation in the Vietnam conflict when he said that he should be allowed to finish graduate school since he would then be “of greater value to the Armed Forces.” We conclude therefore that Lett’s statements before issuance of the induction order were not such as would apprise the Local Board that there was a “substantial likelihood that he was a conscientious objector.” United States v. Bowser, supra. Thus, the Local Board did not err in failing to send Lett SSS Form 150.
Petitioner’s second argument essentially amounts to a claim that regulations which result in a registrant’s unwittingly losing any opportunity to have his conscientious objection claim heard on its merits either are unauthorized by statute or violate due process. He argues that SSS regulations,
We express no opinion as to the merits of this contention, but rather hold it must fail now because the issue
Petitioner finally contends that he presented a prima facie claim for a Class III-A hardship deferment after he received his induction order. He argues that a local board must reopen a registrant’s classification where such a prima facie case is made out unless it expressly finds and enters in the registrant’s file that the requirements of the reopening regulation, 32 C.F.R. 1625.2, were not met. The deferment is available only to registrants whose induction would result in extreme hardship to a dependent, 32 C.F.R. 1622.30. The only instance where petitioner complained even tangentially of hardship to anyone other than himself came when he sought postponement of an induction order because his wife would otherwise have to close their St. Louis household by herself. We conclude that Lett never presented a prima facie claim for a hardship deferment.
ORDER
And now, this 9th day of July 1971, it is ordered that the petition for a writ of habeas corpus be and it hereby is denied.
There is no probable cause for appeal.
APPENDIX
David J. Lett
4355 Maryland Avenue
St. Louis, Missouri
Local Board #63
U. S. Court House
South Park Row & State Street
Erie, Pennsylvania 16501
Dear Sirs,
At this point I am, unfortunately, totally confused as to what my rights are under the current selective service system. At any rate I assume I have the right to appeal the most recent classification, that is I-A. I do not know at this time if I should be appealing to the Pennsylvania State Appeal Board, the Missouri State Appeal Board, or the National Appeal Board that acts for the President. As a result I am prevailing upon you to see that this appeal reaches the proper board of appeal.
You may refer to my most recent correspondence with local board #63 to understand why I was not present for a personal appearance that was scheduled for September 4,1969.
I now find myself trying to convince a board of strangers why my classification should be changed, this is indeed a difficult task. The first reason that I must present to this board is that I object in conscience to the “War” in Vietnam, which is no war at all, yet over 30 thousand United States Soldiers were used as fodder to further this country’s war effort. In the face of the Governments contradiction of philosophy for entering and continuing the war effort, which has ranged to the old obsolete Domino Theory to the propaganda stating that Americans would fight Communism in Asis (sic) before it reaches our shores. Even the way the United States became involved in this war leads one to suspect
There is one last point that I would like to make, it is this: I am a registered full time student attending St. Louis University School of Social Service. I am also on full fellowship, being funded by the National Institute of Mental Health. I feel that I would be of greater value to the Armed Forces if I were to finish my Graduate School requirements, not to mention my improved ability to help the members of this society lead a more fulfilling and meaningful life through the profession of Social Work.
Sincerely,
/s/ David J. Lett
David J. Lett
September 27, 1969
. See Appendix for the text of this letter.
. 32 C.F.R. § 1625.2 provides, in pertinent part:
“ * * * [T] he classification of a registrant shall not be reopened after the local board has mailed to such registrant an Order to Report for Induction * * * unless the local board first specifically finds there has been a change in the registrant’s status resulting from circumstances over which the registrant had no control.”
. See Army Regulation No. 635-20(3) (b); Department of Defense Directive No. 1300.6 (IV) (B) (2).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- David John LETT v. Thomas M. VOLATILE, Commanding Officer, Armed Forces Examining and Entrance Station, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Secretary of Defense, Pentagon, Washington, D. C.
- Status
- Published