Ramey Bor. v. Com., Dept. of Env. Res.
Ramey Bor. v. Com., Dept. of Env. Res.
Opinion of the Court
OPINION OF THE COURT
On April 6, 1973, the Department of Environmental Resources (DER) ordered
The borough appealed the order to the Environmental Hearing Board. On December 31, 1973, the board dismissed the borough’s appeal and affirmed the order of the DER. The Commonwealth Court (en banc) affirmed the decision of the board in an opinion by President Judge Bowman (Kramer, J., filed a dissenting opinion). This appeal ensued.
The borough attacks the validity of the DER order because, it contends it is financially impossible to comply with the challenged order. We find appellant’s argument to be unpersuasive and affirm the order of the Commonwealth Court.
There is no doubt that Ramey Borough is economically depressed. Ramey is a community of approximately 500 residents in Clearfield County. The mile square borough has no industry. There are two gas stations, one laun
Our inquiry at this juncture, however, is not to determine whether Ramey can afford to build such a treatment plant. The Clean Streams Law
The Clean Streams Law gives the DER broad discretion in issuing orders “necessary to implement the provisions of the act.”
If, at some future date, the Commonwealth seeks to enforce such an order by mandamus, contempt or other action,
The issue presented, then, is the validity of the order of an administrative agency. The scope of review by an appellate court of such an order is limited. We may interfere with the administrative agency’s action only if the agency’s findings are not supported by substantial evidence; clear errors of law were made; or constitutional rights violated. See Williams v. Civil Service Commission, 457 Pa. 470, 327 A.2d 70 (1974); Commonwealth v. Harmar Coal Co., 452 Pa. 77, 306 A.2d 308, appeal dismissed, 415 U.S. 903, 94 S.Ct. 1395, 39 L.Ed.2d 460 (1973); Triolo v. Exley, 358 Pa. 555, 57 A.2d 878 (1948); Commonwealth v. Leon E. Kocher Coal Co., 9 Pa.Cmwlth. 110, 305 A.2d 784 (1973). See generally, K. Davis, Administrative Law §§ 25 et seq. at 525 et seq. (1972). When administrative agency action meets those requirements we will not substitute our judgment for the agency’s.
Appellant contends that every exercise of a state’s police powers must meet a test of reasonableness. It does not argue that the Clean Streams Law is unconstitutional but only that its application in this instance “would be unduly oppressive, beyond the necessities of the case and therefore unconstitutional.” Although we are in general agreement that the “exercise of the police power is . restricted by the parameters of reason,” Commonwealth v. Barnes and Tucker Co., 455 Pa. 392, 419, 319 A.2d 871, 886 (1974), we do not find on this record that those bounds have been exceeded.
Appellant characterized this issue as “the constitutionality of bankrupting a municipality.” Assuming that the borough has standing to raise the issue on behalf of its residents,
“[A]t the current stage of the proceedings, the construction, financing and operating cost projections are only estimates which may or may not prove to be accurate if and when the facility is actually constructed. Consequently, these estimates are speculative in nature, and a constitutional challenge cannot be sus*51 tained on the basis of supposition and speculation as to future events.”
The township has not yet fully investigated state and federal funding opportunities, alternate methods of financing, or alternate means of compliance with the order. At this point we cannot conclude that the order fails to meet constitutional standards.
If, in an appropriate proceeding to enforce such an order, a municipality property establishes that all alternatives have been exhausted and compliance with the order is impossible, a court would not impose sanctions for failure to do that which cannot be done. This is not such a case.
Order affirmed.
. Pursuant to Act of July 31, 1970, P.L. 653, § 5, 35 P.S. § 691.203 (Supp. 1975).
. See Appellate Court Jurisdiction Act of 1970, Act of July 31, 1970, P.L. 673, art. II, § 204, 17 P.S. § 211.204 (Supp. 1975).
. Act of June 22, 1937, P.L. 1987, as amended, 35 P.S. § 691.1 et seq. (Supp. 1975).
. Act of July 31,1970, P.L. 653, § 5, 35 P.S. § 691.203 (Supp. 1975).
. Act of June 22, 1937, P.L. 1987, art. I, § 7, as amended, 35 P.S. § 691.7 (Supp. 1975).
. Id., § 5, as amended, 35 P.S. § 691.5 (Supp. 1975).
. The Act does provide that the board, in its discretion, shall consider: “The immediate and long-range economic impact upon the Commonwealth and its citizens.” There is no evidence in the record that the DER order was in contravention of that directive.
. See Commonwealth v. Washington Township, 463 Pa. 120, 344 A.2d 456 (1975).
. The parties have briefed and argued whether the borough has standing to raise the issue. Because we find that the issue is not ripe for decision, we need not resolve the standing question.
Dissenting Opinion
(dissenting).
I believe the language of the Clean Streams Act, June 22, 1937, P.L. 1987, art. I, § 7, as amended, 35 P.S. § 691.1 et seq. (Supp. 1976) is sufficiently broad to permit an aggrieved party to raise and have considered its financial status on appeal from an order of the Department of Environmental Resources. Section 691.7 of that statute provides in pertinent part,
“(a) Any person or municipality who shall be aggrieved by any action of the department under this act shall have the right to appeal such action to the board.”
There is nothing in the Act which specifically precludes consideration of a municipality’s claim of financial impossibility on appeal from the order. Rather, the Act implicitly includes such considerations at that june
No purpose is served to hold otherwise. The majority’s result forces a party to risk contempt before it may demonstrate its financial inability to comply. In this instance, where Ramey Borough is concededly “economically depressed,” the majority has offered no persuasive reasons why the Borough must decline to obey a Commonwealth order before receiving their day in court. Cf. Commonwealth v. Columbia Investment Corporation, 457 Pa. 353, 373, 325 A.2d 289, 299 (1974) (Dissenting Opinion by Nix, J.)
. Sanitary Water Board v. Wilkes-Barre, 199 Pa.Super. 492, 185 A.2d 624 (1962) relied on by the majority is inapposite to the issue. Section 691.5 of the Act was added July 31, 1970, P.L. 653, No. 222, § 4.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- RAMEY BOROUGH, Appellant, v. COMMONWEALTH of Pennsylvania, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
- Cited By
- 25 cases
- Status
- Published