Picó v. District Court of San Juan
Picó v. District Court of San Juan
Opinion of the Court
delivered the opinion of the court.
Cementerio Buxeda, Inc., bought land for a cemetery. It applied to the Commissioner of Health for the required permit for the construction of the cemetery and found that, although the Commissioner had no objection to the project, he refused to grant the permit because the Planning, Urbanizing, and Zoning Board had so requested. The defendant then filed a complaint against the Board and the Commissioner, 'alleging the above facts and praying for an injunction to restrain the Board from interfering with the Commissioner,
After the writ had been issued, § 671A of the Code of Civil Procedure was repealed by the Legislature. The parties were then requested to submit arguments on the effect of that repeal on our jurisdiction, to continue taking cognizance of the proceeding, and both parties agree that our jurisdiction can no longer rest on the repealed Section and may only be exercised if this case is comprised within the ordinary certiorari proceedings authorized by §§ 670 and 671 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The petitioning Board maintains that this is a proper ease for review by certiorari, and that we should decide the case on its merits. The intervener Cementerio Buxeda, Inc., without challenging our jurisdiction to proceed with the case, suggests that it is not a proper case for .application of the ordinary writ of certiorari and that, therefore, we should discharge the writ and remand the case to the lower court.
The case hinges upon the challenge made by the Board to the jurisdiction of the lower court. The ordinary writ of certiorari lies to determine whether or not the acts of inferior courts are in excess of their jurisdiction. Bravo v. District Court, 60 P.R.R. 265; Pujals v. District Court, 40 P.R.R. 400. Hence, we have jurisdiction to continue taking cognizance of the proceeding. And although we would •hardly consider this a proper case to issue the writ if it were now sought for the first time, the fact is that it was issued, the parties have submitted extensive arguments, orally as well as in writing, and the only thing lacking is the deci
The principal question set up by the petitioning Board is that the lower court lacks jurisdiction to entertain the case, since § 26 of Act No. 213 of May 12,- 1942 (Laws of 1942, p. 1106), as amended by Act No. 155 of May 14, 1943 (Laws of 1943, p. 488), provides in effect that any person interested in the approval of a subdivision plat which has been rejected by the Puerto Pico Planning, Urbanizing, and Zoning Board may apply to this court for a review of the decision of the Board. As we held in Picó et al. v. District Court, 65 P.R.R. 834, under § 26 of the cited Act, the jurisdiction of this court to review the decisions of the Planning Board as to subdivisions is exclusive.
The intervener maintains that it is not a sudivision case and that, therefore, § 26 of Act No. 213 is not applicable.
Act No. 213 of 1942, as amended, empowers the Puerto Rico Planning, Urbanizing, and Zoning Board to regulate the ‘‘subdivision” and “zoning” of lands in Puerto Rico. “Subdivision” means the division or redivision of a parcel of land in two or more parts for sale or for new building (Section 2). “Zoning” means the determination of the use to which real estate, in particular districts or zones, may be put (Section 9).
Section 24 of Act No. 213, as amended, provides in its pertinent part as-follows:
“Section 24 —Subdivisions.—From and after the effective date of applicable subdivision regulations provided for under Section 10 hereof, no subdivision of land within Puerto Rico shall be made, and no plat of a subdivision of land in urban areas or for urbaniza-tions shall be received for recording, no buildings shall be erected, no land sold or leased, and no permit issued, except, and to the extent, that the same shall comply with said regulations and shall have been finally approved according thereto by the Board;'. . .”
The petitioning board maintains that there are regulations applicable to cemeteries, namely, the Subdivision Begu-lations promulgated on June 29, 1944. Article 1 of the Beg-ulations provides that “every subdivision of land in Puerto Bieo, urban as well as rural, shall be governed by the provisions of these Begulations, ...” and it defines subdivision as does Act No. 213, as the division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land into two or more parts for sale or for new building, including urban real estate development (urbanisation). If we take into account only the letter of Article 1, it might be said that the definition of “subdivision” comprises the' division of land into burial lots. An examination of the Begulation as a whole, however, convinces us that they are not applicable to cemeteries. Let us see.
The Begulations deal with three classes of “Subdivisions,” to wit: the- divisions of real properties in the rural area for agricultural purposes (Article 1); the “urbanization” (development) proper, that is, the development of land for purposes of settlement (to which all the sixty Articles of the Begulations are substantially applicable); and “simple” subdivisions (Article 13), that is divisions of land for sale or for building where “the construction of streets and other site improvements” are not required, and wherein it is accordingly unnecessary to submit construction plans
We have mentioned some of the Articles of the Regulations which contain provisions peculiarly applicable to the laying out of land used by men to reside in, move about, and work, and peculiarly inapplicable to the' laying out of a
Frankly, we do not know nor does the Board tell us, just how it would or could apply the Subdivision Regulations, should a cemetery plat be submitted to it for its approval. The standards and requisites established by the Regulations would not be applicable. The Board would have to fix for the first time, the standards and minimum requisites for a cemetery, standards and requisites applicable to cemeteries in general. In other words, it would have to issue cemetery regulations which do not now exist.
It is not necessary for us to decide whether the Board has power, under Act No. 213 as amended, to regulate the laying out of a cemetery. Nor does the present case, as we have already indicated, involve the zoning power of the Board. We¡ hold only that the Board has not regulated the division of land for cemetery purposes, that is, what might be called the subdivision of such land, if it is indeed subdivision, as that term is defined by Act No. 213.
Since there is no Board Regulation applicable to this case, § 24 of'Act No. 213, which prohibits the issuance of any construction permit until, and to the extent that, the Board Regulations are complied with, is inapplicable, as is $ 26 of the Act, which provides for the review by this court of the decisions of the Board approving or disapproving subdivision plats, inasmuch as the Board has not decided anything nor are we dealing with a case in which the approval of the plats by the Board is required.
The lower court, therefore, did not err in holding that it had jurisdiction to take cognizance of the case.
The writ issued should be discharged and the case remanded to the lower court.
This last provision is not material to tlie case at bar, since no zoning ordinance is involved.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.