People v. Beltrán Gómez
People v. Beltrán Gómez
Opinion of the Court
delivered the opinion of the Court.
Accused, convicted and sentenced for the crime of rape,
The first assignment is that the. lower court erred in disallowing his challenge to the general jury panel, as well as in permitting the jury to be selected from a list which did not include the 24 names of the regular panel from which 12 names shall be drawn and selected pursuant to law. In his discussion of this assignment the appellant contends, moreover, that the names of a large percentage of jurors who had served as such the previous year, were needlessly repeated, and that contrary to law the commissioners of Río Piedras and San Juan delivered to the Clerk lists containing the names of 66 and 163 persons, respectively. It appears from the record that at the beginning of the trial and before the trial jurors were in attendance the defendant challenged the general jury panel for the reasons given. That was, of course, the proper time to make such an objection. Section 213, Code of Criminal Procedure.
On the other hand, pursuant to § 199 of that same Code, the district court, whenever required by its criminal business, may make an order directing that a trial jury, “which shall not exceed twenty-four,” be drawn. In the case at bar the general panel summoned consisted of 24 jurors and the fact that only 21 appeared constitutes no error. The People v. Vázquez, 20 P.R.R. 338, 342; The People v. Morales, alias Yare Yare, 14 P.R.R. 227, 231; The People v. Acosta, 11 P.R.R. 240.
Upon being called to testify, the clerk of the court declared that 21 of the jurors of the 1950-51 general panel had served as such the preceding year. In this connection § 197 of the aforesaid Code provides “That in framing a new list no name of a regular juror for the preceding year shall be repeated, as far as possible, unless the list of qualified taxpayers for the district shall have been exhausted.” (Italics ours.) This is another directory provision of the Act, the violation of which is not fatal unless it is shown that such departure was deliberate and intended to prejudice the defendant, or fraudulent. People v. Carbonell, 34 P.R.R. 457. There is no such evidence herein.
Likewise, in connection with the error thus assigned, the fact that one of the jurors appeared as being from the town of Rio Grande when he had actually resided in Rio Piedras for the last three years, is no ground either to challenge the panel.
In his opening statements to the jury, the district
When the district attorney finished expounding his theory to the jury the defense asked the court to instruct the jury to the effect that the defendant was not there to
On the other hand, the defense itself cross-examined the minor Carmen Rodriguez at length, not only in connection with what she said the defendant had done to Áurea Esther, but also in connection with what that witness alleged that the defendant had done to her. The defense thereby waived its right to request that such question be withheld from the jury. People v. Castro, 72 P.R.R. 92.
At the request of the district attorney, the birth certificate of the alleged victim was admitted in evidence. This is assigned as an error, it being alleged that it was not a prosecution for statutory rape in which the age of the prosecutrix is essential. We agree that this was a prosecution for the crime of rape without further specification in connection with which the age of the injured woman lacks any relevancy. Nevertheless, when offering said certificate the district attorney stated that he was not offering it to prove the age, and later the court itself, in its instructions to the jury, indicated that an arithmetical operation demonstrated that when the acts with which the defendant was charged took place, the prosecutrix was 14 and a half years old and that “this case does not involve the question of age
Upon closing his instructions to the jury, the judge stated that he was delivering to them “a copy of the information, which because of special attendant circumstances I am going to show to my colleague so that he may compare it with the information, in order to find out whether it is correct eliminating a certain allegation which is not before you now.” The allegation to which the judge referred was undoubtedly that of a subsequent offense, inasmuch as it was alleged in the information that the defendant “was sentenced by the Hon. District Court of San Juan, on 8-25-35 for the crime of Murder in the Second Degree to 20 years’ imprisonment in the penitentiary, which judgment is final and unappealable, since it has neither been reversed, vacated nor set aside and which sentence the aforesaid Ramón Beltrán Gómez served in the Insular Penitentiary of Puerto Rico.” When a previous conviction is charged in an information or when a subsequent offense is alleged and the case is tried by the jury, the latter is bound to state in its verdict whether it finds the defendant guilty or not guilty of the offense with which he is charged, as a second or subsequent offender. Section 285, Code of Criminal Procedure;
We have read the transcript of the evidence and we think that the imputation of passion, prejudice and partiality finds no support in the record.
The granting of an inspection rests entirely in the sound discretion of the trial judge. People v. Cruz, 60 P.R.R. 112, 118; People v. Coto, 48 P.R.R. 143, 148; People v. Sarria, 57 P.R.R. 865.
As already stated, the defendant was convicted of the offense charged and, in accordance with the information originally filed against him, which alleged a subsequent offense of rape, the court sentenced him to imprisonment in the penitentiary for 10 to 35 years. Subsequently and by virtue of a writ of habeas corpus the judgment in the case of murder in the second degree on which the subsequent offense of rape was based, was vacated. Thereupon, the defendant moved for a new trial. He alleged in his motion, among other things, “that after the trial, and through Áurea Esther Ruiz herself, the defendant learned that said young girl, contrary to her testimony during the trial, is not deflowered, nor was she examined by Dr. Arsenio Comas, but by a subordinate nurse of said physician, and that the testimony of the alleged victim was due to the urging of the then
A motion for new trial can be granted only if the newly discovered evidence is not cumulative, does not impeach the testimony adduced at the facial and could not with reasonable diligence have been discovered prior to the trial. People v. Ortiz, 68 P.R.R. 632; People v. Morales, 66 P.R.R. 9, 19; People v. Quiles, 41 P.R.R. 904, 910; The People v. Otero, 11 P.R.R. 330; The People v. Milán, 7 P.R.R. 442; People v. Soto, alias Pantaleón, 26 P.R.R. 399; cf. § 257 of the Penal Code.
Finally, the record contains sufficient evidence warranting the verdict returned by the jury and showing that said verdict was not contrary to the evidence nor to law. People v. Cabrera, 59 P.R.R. 133.
The judgment appealed from will be affirmed.
Beltrán Gómez was charged in the information with a subsequent offense of rape because, it was claimed, he had been previously sentenced for the crime of murder in the second degree to 20 years in the peniten
Section 213 of the Code of Criminal Procedure provides:
“A challenge to the panel must be taken before a juror is sworn and may be in writing or be noted by the clerk, and must plainly and distinctly state the facts constituting the ground of challenge.”
Section 212 of the Code of Criminal Procedure recites:
“A challenge to the panel can be founded only on a material departure from the forms prescribed in respect to the drawing and return of the jury or on the intentional omission to summon one or more of the jurors drawn.” (Italics ours.)
Section 194 of the Code of' Criminal Procedure provides:
“The said commissioners shall then prepare a general final list of three hundred jurors for the judicial district which they shall sign and*470 certify to, conformable to the following: Each commissioner shall prepare a provisional list of one hundred names of persons of his respective municipality, who shall be qualified to act as jurors in the judicial district, for which purpose they shall take as a basis the list of taxpayers of the said municipality, which list shall be furnished by the Treasurer of Puerto Rico. The commissioners shall then determine, as far as possible, the proportional number which corresponds to each municipality out of the three hundred jurors, taking as a basis therefor its population pursuant to the last census of the United States; and the number so determined shall be drawn by lot by one of the commissioners, in the presence of the others, from among the one hundred names on the provisional list of the respective municipality.”
Section 461, supra, recites:
“Neither a departure from the form or mode prescribed by this Code in respect to any pleading or proceeding, nor an error or mistake therein, renders it invalid, unless it has actually prejudiced the defendant, or tended to his prejudice, in respect to a substantial right.”
Section 285, supra, recites:
“Whenever the fact if (of) a previous conviction of another offense is charged in an information, the Jury, if they find a verdict of guilty*475 of the offense with which he is charged, must also, unless the answer of the defendant admits the charge, find whether or not he has suffered such previous conviction. The verdict of the jury upon a charge of previous conviction may be: ‘We find the charge of previous conviction true’’ or, ‘We find the charge of previous conviction not true,’ as they find that the defendant has or has not suffered such conviction.”
Section 303 of the Code of Criminal Procedure provides:
“When a verdict has been rendered against the defendant, the court may, upon his application, grant a new trial, in the following cases only:
“7. When new evidence is discovered material to the defendant, and which he could not, with reasonable diligence, have discovered and produced at the trial. When a motion for a new trial is made upon the ground of newly, discovered evidence, the defendant must produce at the hearing in support thereof, the affidavits of the witnesses by whom such evidence is expected to he given, and if time is required by the defendant to procure such affidavits, the court may postpone the hearing of the motion for such length of time as, under all the circumstances of the case, may seem reasonable.”
Section 257, supra:
“The essential guilt of rape consists, in the outrage to the person, and feelings of the female. Any sexual penetration, however slight, is sufficient to complete the crime.”
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.