Commonwealth v. de la Torre
Commonwealth v. de la Torre
Opinion of the Court
delivered the opinion of the Court.
On July 10, 1958 the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico filed in the Superior Court, San Juan Part, a condemnation proceeding to acquire a parcel of land of 134 thousandths cuerda, equivalent to 526.63 square meters, owned by defendant Mercedes de la Torre, and it deposited the sum of $5,500 as fair and reasonable compensation. The proceeding was brought under the authority of the General Condemnation Act of
The parcel object of the proceeding, the acquisition of which was authorized by the Puerto Rico Planning Board in a report of June 4, 1958, was segregated from a certain property having a larger area which is recorded at folio 72, volume 108 of Río Piedras, and is described as follows:
“URBAN: Parcel of land situated in the ward of Mona-cillos (now Gobernador Piñero) of San Juan, owned by Mercedes de la Torre, having an area of 0.1340 cuerda, equivalent to 526.63 square meters, and bounded: on the north and west by lands of the Water Resources Authority; on the south by lands of the Water Resources Authority and state highway No. 2; and on the east by lands of Mercedes de la Torre.”
From the blueprints attached to the complaint it appears that the lot taken consists of two parcels, both of which front state highway No. 2, having an area of 500.10 and 26.53 square meters.
On August 25, 1958 defendant withdrew the balance of the sum on deposit amounting to $4,852.74, after consenting to the retention of the sum of $647.26 for property taxes due the public treasury. She formulated an answer alleging that the fair and reasonable value of the parcel taken amounted to $25,000, excluding the sum of $2,500 which had been delivered to her “through the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority, the real plaintiff.”
At the commencement of a hearing set for December 14, 1959, the Commonwealth informed that after a “restudy [sic]
The case went to trial. It was stipulated that in the event “the contract is not valid” to which reference is made hereinbelow, the market value of the described parcel was $10,700 on the day of the taking. The “contract” to which the parties refer is deed No. 26 of April 19, 1948, executed before Notary Antonio M. Bird, entitled “Segregation, Sale and Establishment of Servitude.” We sum up the principal covenants agreed upon by the executing parties—the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority and Mercedes de la Torre— by virtue of the said instrument: (a) from the two parcels of land of 19.79 cuerdas and 2,085.30 square meters, Mrs. de la Torre segregated 5.439 cuerdas, 76.18 square meters, and 765 square meters, and sold them to the Authority “for the agreed price at the rate of $1.65 per square meter,” namely, for the total price of $36,663.15; (b) “for and in consideration of the sum of one dollar ($1.00),” Mrs. de la Torre constituted a perpetual' servitude of air for the installation of the Authority transmission lines over two parcels of 512.94 and 500 square meters, binding herself not to erect any structures on the former and to devote it exclusively to the laying
In the judgment rendered by the trial court it is stated that the restrictions and limitations agreed upon as to this parcel of 500 square meters “encumbered the same to such an extent that unless the W.R.A. expressly waives the rights thereto which it had acquired upon payment of consideration, its market value remained static, unchanged. The value of the parcel taken was not enhanced by the increase in value of all the lands adjacent and similar to that parcel which were not restricted by any encumbrance whatsoever,” and it insisted that the restrictions, limitations and encumbrances referred to “and which encumber the parcel” were not taken into consideration in the original valuation of $5,500. It therefore held that the market value of the parcel of 500 square meters was at the rate of $1.65 per square meter, or $825, and that the value of the other parcel of 26.63 square meters was at the rate of $20 per meter, or $532.60.
Appellant contends that the trial court erred in admitting in evidence certified copy of deed No. 26 supra without any basis to support its admission, and in applying the terms thereof to the parcel taken which is different from that described in said deed. From the statement of facts set forth in this opinion it appears that an amendment to the complaint was timely permitted in order to allege the
The second error challenges the trial court’s conclusion that the valuation of the parcel of 500 square meters is governed by the agreement made by the parties in 1948, irrespective of the fact that it is admitted that its market value on the taking date, in the absence of said agreement, was at the rate of $20 per square meter. Appellant contends that this is just a promise to sell, a “preference agreement” subject to the specific condition that the promisor should decide to sell the parcel referred to therein, and that the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, which is a plaintiff and an entity distinct from the Water Resources Authority in whose favor the promise was executed, may not avail itself of the terms thereof.
In fact, the agreement made by the parties to deed No. 26 may be considered as a promise to sell, § 1340 of the Civil Code, 1930 ed., 31 L.P.R.A. § 3747; Rullán v. Registrar, 67 P.R.R. 658 (1947) ,
On the other hand, we can not agree with the trial court that the agreement made in 1948 had the effect of freezing indefinitely the market value of the parcel of 500 square meters, even for condemnation purposes. We con
The trial court erred in appraising the parcel of 500 square meters at the rate of $1.65 per square meter. It having been stipulated that its market value on the condem
It refers to the Act creating the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority which, in enumerating in § 6 the powers of the agency, expressly provides in subd. (j) : “Acquire in the manner set forth in subsection (⅞) hereof [‘by purchase, whether by agreement or by the exercise of the power of eminent domain, lease, bequest, devise, gift’] any property, real. . .” 22 L.P.R.A. § 196(f).
Appellant’s attorney explained that the reduction in the compensation was not due to further consideration of the valuation, “but that it is seeking within this proceeding to enforce an agreement between defendant herein and the Water Resources Authority of 1958 [sic].”
In exhibit A attached to the complaint which contains a description of the parcel object of the appeal, the identity of the persons having an interest in the proceeding and the amount of the compensation, there appears a note written in ink which reads “$868.93” over the typed $5,500. Although it is not initialled by the judge nor by the parties, it could be inferred that that note is the amendment.
In the federal procedure the corresponding rule—Rule 71A—provides that the pleadings may be amended without leave of court. This phrase was eliminated in the local rule. See, in this connection, 7 Moore, Federal Practice 2784-86 (2d ed.) ; 3 Barron and Holtzofp, Federal Practice and Procedure 563, $ 1523.
“It is agreed . . . that whenever Doña Esperanza Rullán should decide to sell the parcel covered by the within deed of sale, she shall be bound to offer it for sale to the vendors, at the same price which she is paying therefor.”
“. . . while the present lease is in force, the lessees shall be entitled to acquire the property leased for the price of $8,500 . . . Should the lessors have the intention of selling the leased property to another person for a sum in excess of the $8,500 . . . they shall notify in writing to the lessees . . . the offer made to them, the lessees being bound to decide whether or not they purchase the property leased . . . during the term of thirty days ...”
Diccionario de Derecho Privado 3146, Editorial Labor (1954).
For an interesting discussion on the difference between the contract of promise to sell and the contract of option, see Mezquita, El pacto de opción y el derecho que oriyina, 24 Revista Crítica de Derecho Inmobiliario 164 et seq. (1951).
In fact, it was not until February 5, 1958 that the Planning Board approved the Authority project to purchase a parcel of 500.10 square meters, and, specifically, the segregation of such parcel, without having to comply with the provisions of the Subdivision Regulations and the presentation of a registration plan.
This order was subsequently amended by the order of June 4, 1958, authorizing the acquisition of a parcel of 526.63 square meters, which includes the parcel of 500.10 square meters.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.