South Carolina Second Injury Fund v. Young
South Carolina Second Injury Fund v. Young
Opinion of the Court
The questions presented by the South Carolina Second Injury Fund in its appeal from the circuit court’s order
I.
The Second Injury Fund maintains that a niece of a deceased employee may not be considered a person wholly dependent on the deceased employee for support because, as best we understand its argument, a niece is nowhere listed in the South Carolina Workers’ Compensation Act as a person who may be considered as a dependent. This contention has no merit whatever. Indeed, the Supreme Court put it to rest in Day v. Day, 216 S.C. 334, 58 S.E. (2d) 83 (1950). There it said:
It is generally held that unless a Workmen’s Compensation Act specifically sets forth who shall be considered wholly or partially dependent on the earnings of an employee, dependency and the extent thereof are to be determined as questions of fact in accordance with the facts as they exist at the time of the injury to the employee.
Our Act does not define dependency, and does not specifically indicate who are dependents, except the designated persons who are conclusively presumed to be wholly dependent upon the deceased employee. Stated generally, a dependent is one who looks to another for support and maintenance; one who is in fact dependent— one who relies on another for the reasonable necessities of life.
216 S.C. at 342, 58 S.E. (2d) at 86-87.
In the 40 years since Day was decided, our Act still does not define dependency, still does not list who may be dependents, and still only designates those persons who are conclusively presumed to be wholly dependent upon a deceased employee. See S.C. CODE ANN. § 42-9-110 (1976)
But the Second Injury Fund points us to South Carolina Second Injury Fund v. Rabb, 265 S.C. 36, 216 S.E. (2d) 761 (1975), and claims Rabb supports its argument that the General Assembly in 1972, by amending what was then Section 72-165 and is now Section 42-9-140 of our code, reduced the class of persons who could claim as dependents thereunder. See 57 ST AT. Act No. 1167 § 7A at 2344 (1972) (amendment to “Section 72-165 of the 1962 Code” relating to the payment of death benefits under the Workers’ Compensation Act when the deceased leaves no dependents). The Second Injury Fund, however, misreads Rabb and the 1972 amendment.
The 1972 statute merely eliminated payments to certain next of kin. Rabb, 265 S.C. at 40, 216 S.E. (2d) at 763; see 57 ST AT. supra at 2339 (“An Act To Amend Section[ [¶]... 72-165 ... To Eliminate Payment Of Death Benefits To Next Of Kin Where There Are No Dependents. . . .”); CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA § 72-165 (1962), amended by 57
II.
We likewise find no merit to the Second Injury Fund’s contention that the commission’s finding that Young was wholly dependent on the deceased employee is clearly erroneous in view of tie reliable, probative, and substantial evidence on the whole record. See Brown v. Ryder Truck Rental, — S.C. —, 389 S.E. (2d) 161 (Ct. App. 1990) (courts will not disturb the factual findings of the Workers’ Compensation Commission unlesr they are clearly erroneous in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence on the whole record).
Tom McDaniel was Young’s uncle. Young, who was 55 or 56 years old when McDaniel diéd, moved into a mobile home on the McDaniel family’s homeplace in 1969. McDaniel moved into a mobile home beside Young’s several months later. About a year before McDaniel died, Young quit work because of poor health. She testified McDaniel told her “to go ahead on and quit and he would take care of [her] home and his home.” Afterward, the evidence shows, McDaniel was her only source of income and the person on whom she depended for transportation and for payment of all her expenses.
Because no hard and fast rule can be laid down as to what constitutes actual dependency and because the question of dependency, as the Day case says, is one of fact, each case must rest and be determined on its own particular facts and
Affirmed.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- SOUTH CAROLINA SECOND INJURY FUND v. Charlotte YOUNG, In re Tom E. McDANIEL, Employee Josephine Alston, Vivian Alston, David Earl Alston, Lessie Lee Brittingham, Roberta Brittingham, and Mary Brittingham, Children Charlotte Young South Carolina Second Injury Fund v. JANNOCK LTD., Employer, and Hartford Accident and Indemnity Company, Carrier
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published