Murphy v. Atlanta & Charlotte Air Line Ry. Co.
Murphy v. Atlanta & Charlotte Air Line Ry. Co.
Opinion of the Court
The opinion of the Court was delivered by
On September 11, 1907, plaintiff was a yard conductor in defendant’s employ at Green-ville. It was his duty, with the aid of a switching crew, to make up trains. There were four sidetracks connecting the main line and what is called the lead track. These were numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, counting from the main line toward the lead track. The train, being made up, stood on the lead track, and the cars were being placed in the sidetracks for the purpose of assembling them according to their destination, and so arranging them in the train. Seven or eight cars had been placed on No. 3, and some on No. 2. There were none on Nos. 1 and 4. Plaintiff was on the lead track, and had cut loose some cars from the train, preparatory to placing them on the sidetracks, but, having a call of nature, he handed his switch list to the head brakeman, C. K. Corn, the man next under him in authority, and told him to switch the cars for track No. 2 to that track first, and then switch those for No. 3 to that track. Having given these orders, he proceeded across track 4 and was climbing over the bumpers between two cars, about midway the seven or eight standing on track No. 3, when they were struck by cars which were run in on that track, and plaintiff was knocked down and his leg was run over and crushed, so that it had to be cut off. Plaintiff’s purpose was to get between tracks 2 and 3, where he would be hid from view by the cars on those two tracks. That was the nearest and most convenient place for him to get out of sight of people passing along the main line. The nearest privy was something over a quarter of a mile away. By walking the length of three or four cars he could have gone around the cars instead of climbing over the bumpers between them.. He said, however, that he thought it perfectly safe to go between them, because he expected Corn to obey his instructions *18 and switch the cars for No. 2 to that track first; and, if he had done so, it would have been safe and he would not have been hurt. He said, also, that was the proper way for the switching to be done.
Plaintiff proved that Corn had been discharged from the service of the company twice — in March and October, 1903, — for carelessness, and that he had the reputation of being careless. He proved also, by P. C. Worley, a former general yardmaster, that, some time in 1904, he was short of hands and wanted to employ Corn; that his superior officer objected to his doing so, and he carried the matter to the trainmaster, who had authority over him in such matters; that he, too, disapproved of his employing Corn. Upon objection of defendant’s attorneys, the Court refused to allow Worley to state the reasons given by the trainmaster for his disapproval. This witness also said that Corn had the reputation of being a dangerous man when drunk, but all right when sober.
The specifications of negligence are: 1. In backing the cars on track No. 3 first, contrary to plaintiff’s instructions. 2. In backing the cars on tract No. 3, without warning of signal to plaintiff. 3. In employing an incompetent fellow servant. 4. In failing to provide a suitable privy. At the close of plaintiff’s testimony, defendant moved for a non-suit on the following grounds: “1. There is no testimony tending to establish the negligence alleged in the complaint as the proximate cause of plaintiff’s injury. 2. The evidence shows that the cause of plaintiff’s injury was his own negligence. 3. The evidence shows that the cause of plaintiff’s injury was the negligence of a fellow servant. 4. The evidence shows that plaintiff’s injury was due to his own contributory negligence. 5. The evidence fails to show that plaintiff’s injury was due to the actionable negligence of the defendant.” The Court granted the motion, holding: 1. That there was no evidence of negligence, because there was no evidence that Corn knew or had any reason to believe that *19 his changing the order of shifting the cars on tracks 2 and 3 would probably result in injury to any one. 2. That, if there was, it was the negligence of a fellow servant, for which the master was not liable. 3. That the evidence as to the incompetency of Corn related to his discharge from the service of the company six years ago; but that he was afterwards employed, and there was no evidence of any complaint after the last employment; furthermore, that plaintiff’s witness had testified that he was competent when he was sober, and there was no evidence that he was drunk on the occasion in question. 4. That plaintiff was guilty of contributory negligence in going between the cars on track No. 3, when he knew that cars were likely to be backed in on that track at any moment, and because plaintiff said he could have seen the engine and cars coming in on that track, if he had looked, but that he did not look.
Under the facts set out in the opinion of Mr. Justice Hydrick, I think the judgment of nonsuit was proper for these reasons:
According to the well established rule as to negligence and proximate cause the test was whether by the exercise of ordinary care Corn ought to have foreseen that any injury might reasonably be anticipated from his act of backing the train on track No. 3. Harrison v. Berkeley, 1 Strob. 550; Mack v. South Bound R. R. Co., 52 S. C. 323, 29 S. E. 905, 40 L. R. A. 679; Hale v. Cola. etc. Ry., 34 S. C. 293, 13 S. E. 537, 29 Cyc. 495. There are vital differences between this case and Trimmier v. Atlanta & C. A. L. Ry., 81 S. C. 203, 62 S. E. 209. In that case there was evidence of a switch negligently left open, and the backing of the cars on a track where the conductor, Allison, was walking in the discharge of his duty, with his back to the car that ran on him. Those in charge of shifting cars always have reason to suspect that other employees may be on or near the tracks in the yards of a railroad company, and for that reason must be on the lookout for such persons. So it was held in that case that there was some evidence of negligence to go to the jury. On the contrary, in this case there was no reason whatever for Corn to suppose that Murphy or any one else was between the cars. Surely it cannot be that a railroad company, before moving its cars, must be on the lookout for persons who choose to go between its cars entirely out of sight of its employees operating the train. This conclusion, that there was no negligence on the part of Corn, makes testimony as to its competency irrelevant.
Second. Even if negligence towards the plaintiff could be attributed to Corn, the evidence admitted of no other inference than that the plaintiff was guilty of contributory negligence, in that he undertook to cross between the. cars on track No. 3, knowing that they were likely to be struck and moved by other cars at any moment, and did not look nor take any other precaution for his own safety. Accord *24 ing to the plaintiff’s own testimony, if he had looked he could not have failed to see the approaching cars.
The Court being equally divided, the judgment of this Court is that the judgment of the Circuit Court be affirmed.
Reference
- Cited By
- 2 cases
- Status
- Published
- Syllabus
- 1. Master and Servant — Negligence—Contributory Negligence..— There being no evidence that the brakeman in charge of the shifting crew had any reason to suspect that the conductor would be between the cars, it was not negligence in him to treat his instructions to shift on to track No. 2 ñrst as not allowing him any discretion in the work, but even if there was evidence of negligence the plaintiff was guilty of contributory negligence in going between the cars which he knew might be struck by moving cars at any moment. Divided Oowrt. 2. Messrs. Justices Hydricic and Gary dissent: (a) Appeal. — A respondent cannot object to the consideration of an exception to ruling out testimony on ground that the record does not show what the witness would have said, where the ruling was made on his objection. (b) Master and Servani> — Evidence—Declarations.—On the issue of injury from negligence of a fellow servant the declarations of the master as to the incompetency or carelessness of the offending servant previous to his employment on the work in question, is competent. (c) Ibid. — Issues..—In this case it could have been reasonably inferred from the evidence that the brakeman knew where the conductor was, that he was only temporarily absent, the issue of negligence should have been sent to the jury. (d) Ibid. — Where it appears the offending servant was incompetent and that his incompetency was known or ought to have been known to the master and that his incompetency was the proximate cause of injury to another servant, a prima facie case of liability is made out against the master. (e) Ibid. — Evidence.—On the issue of incompetency of a fellow servant, that he was so several years before the employment in issue, is competent.