State v. Hammond
State v. Hammond
Opinion of the Court
This case comes before us on writ of error sued out on behalf of the state. An information was filed against the defendant, charging him with the crime of having made an assault upon one Harry Williams with a deadly weapon, with intent to do bodily harm. The defendant was convicted, and subsequently, on his motion, a new trial was granted, and the object of this writ of error is to reverse that order. The motion for a new trial was made upon the following grounds: “The court erred in the decision of questions of law arising during the course of the trial. That the verdict is contrary to law. That the verdict is contrary to the evidence. That the court misdirected the jury in matters of law.” The order of the court granting a new trial does not disclose the ground upon which the same was granted, and hence, if there is any legal ground shown by the record for granting a new trial, or if it does not appear that the court, in the exercise of its discretion, abused that discretion, the order must be affirmed.
In the specification of errors annexed to the bill of exceptions it is first assigned that the court erred in sustaing the challenge of the state to the juror H. A. Thompson, over the objection of the defendant. The same assignment is'made as to six other jurors who were excused by the court upon the same ground. The juror Thompson, being examined by counsel on the part of the state,stated that he was a juror in the case of the state against Emmett Williams, tried the previous week, involving the same affray, and heard all the evidence in that case; that, under that evidence, he formed an opinion as to whether or not the place where the altercation occurred between the complaining witness and the defendant was a highway, and still had that opinion. He was challenged for cause by the state. The challenge was resisted by the defendant, and, in reply to questions on the part of the defendant’s attorney, he stated
In the view we take of the case, it is not necessary to decide the first question — as to whether or not there would have been error on the part of the court if an issue as to the highway had been raised on the trial; but in view of the fact that no such issue was raised, we are clearly of the opinion that the court was in error in sustaining the challenge on the part of the state to these jurors, and that the fact that the defendant had not exhausted all his peremptory challenges did not cure the error. We have no reason to doubt the good faith of counsel for the state in representing to the court that the issue of a highway would be a material issue in the case, but it is nevertheless true that the court was misled by the representation of counsel, and thereby deprived defendant of a trial by such a jury as the law had provided. The accused in a criminal case is entitled to a trial by a jury regularly and properly selected, and
A further question is presented in this case that may properly be raised upon a new trial, and upon which, therefore, we will express our views at this time. It is contended on the part of the defendant that the court, in its charge to the jury, committed error in submitting to the jury the question as to whether or not the stick or club used in the affray by the defendant was a “dangerous weapon,” without explaining to the jury what constitutes a dangerous weapon. We are of the opinion that the court correctly left this question to the jury. A “deadly weapon” may be properly defined by the court, but the law as to the court defining a dangerous weapon is not so well settled. In Bouvier’s Law Dictionary (Rawle’s Revision) a dangerous weapon is thus spoken of: “One dangerous to
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- 1. On the trial of the defendant for assault, the state’s attorney stated that the place where the asasult was committed would be in issue, whereupon the court sustained the state’s challenges to seven jurors who had previously served in the trial of another involved in the same affray, though such jurors stated that while they had formed an opinion as to whether the place where the altercation occurred was a highway, and still had such opinion, they had no opinion as to the guilt or innocence of the defendant, and would try the issue in the case fairly and impartially, and decide the same according to the law and the evidence, and that evidence that the place was or was not a highway would not affect their decision. Defendant objected to the challenges, and duly excepted to the court’s excusing them, which necessitated the calling of talesmen to complete the jury. In the trial of the case, the character of the place where the assault occurred did not in fact become an issue. Held, that the sustaining of such challenges was prejudical error, entitling defendant to a new trial. 2. The fact that defendant did not exhaust all his peremptory challenges was not a waiver of such error, since, where jurors are erroneously excused on objection of the adverse party, the exercise or failure to exercise a challenge could not restore them. 3. Where the court erroneously sustains challenges to jurors over the objection of a party, who takes an exception at the time, the fact that he makes no further objection to the jury at the time it is sworn to try the cause is not a waiver of his exception, since his objection and exception at the time of the ruling excusing the juror is sufficient to protect his rights on appeal. 4. Where, in a prosecution for assault with a deadly weapon, the instrument used was of such a character that the court could not say as matter of law, whether it was or was not a deadly weapon, it was not error for the court to submit such question to the jury, without defining what constitutes a deadly weapon.