Grosz v. Groth
Grosz v. Groth
Opinion of the Court
This litigation arose out of a collision of motor vehicles at an intersection of country roads. Under instructions not presented for review, the jury returned a verdict for plaintiff. Predicated upon a motion for a directed verdict, and a subsequent motion for judgment n. o. v., the trial court entered judgment for defendant. Plaintiff has appealed. The ultimate question for decision is whether the manifest negligence of plaintiff was a substantial factor in bringing about the harm he 'suffered.
Plaintiff was driving north on a through highway protected from cross traffic by stop signs. Cf. SDC 44.0321 as amended by Ch. 220; Laws 1957. Defendant Ole Groth, while acting -for his wife, defendant Marie Groth, was driving east ora the intersecting highway. The intersection of these highways occupies higher ground than that of the highways to the west and to the south; hence both vehicles were traveling up gradual slopes as they approached the point of collision. It was a blear December afternoon, and the gravel roads were ‘smooth and dry, and there was little between the two roadways to obscure vision except some uncut weeds and a small -mound of dirt located 75 to 90 feet west of the ‘intersection along the south side of the intersecting highway. The stop sign was located on the south side of the intersecting highway about 15 feet from the intersection. Both parties had become thoroughly familiar with .these highways through frequent use.
As .the defendant Groth reached a point about 40 rods west of the intersection he cut his motor, but continued upgrade in high. His motor was laboring as he approached the stop sign and the intersection, -and he estimated his then speed at a little less than 20 miles per hour. He had peered along a draw to the south back about 200 feet from the
Plaintiff, who was engaged in the business of well drilling, had just passed along the through highway from the north and had lost a pump rod he had loaded on his truck. At the time of the collision he was retracing his course looking for that pump rod. Traveling at slightly more than 50 miles per hour, he and his employee, who was riding with him, were so intent upon searching the the surface of the road for the lost rod that neither of them saw the approaching car of defendants. They were awakened to its presence by the collision, “I would say I was at least going or just about over the half of the intersection when there was a bang.” The inference is impelled that plaintiff approached, drove into and through this intersection at a speed of at least 50 miles per hour without observing whether traffic was approaching from the west.
We assume that defendant Groth was negligent in entering the intersection without stopping, and consider whether plaintiff was guilty of contributory negligence as a matter of law.
“Contributory negligence is conduct on the part of the plaintiff which falls below the standard to which he should conform for his own protection and which is a legally contributing cause, co-operating with the negligence of the defendant in bringing about the plaintiff’s harm.” Restatement, Torts, § 463.
Although as a traveler on the through 'highway plaintiff had a right to assume that cross traffic would
‘The plaintiff’s negligent exposure of himself to danger or his failure to exercise reasonable care for his own protection is a legally contributing cause of his harm if, but only if, it is a substantial factor in bringing about his harm * * Restatement, Torts, § 465.
If the same harm would have 'been sustained by plaintiff if he had been exercising reasonable care as he approached the intersection, it could not be said that the negligence in question was a substantial factor operating with the negligence of defendant in bringing about that harm. Restatement, Torts, § 465 and § 432 Comment b.
The facts would not support a 'conclusion that plaintiff was negligent in proceeding at a speed of slightly more than 50 miles an hour over this through country highway, if he had exercised due care in keeping a reasonable lookout for cross traffic. Had such observations to the west been made, he would have discovered defendant Groth approaching at a very reasonable speed. Not until defendant reached the vicinity of the stop sign would it have been clearly apparent that he did not intend to stop and yield the night of way, and not until that fact became apparent
It follows that we are of the opinion the trial court erred in entering judgment n.o.v. for defendant.
The judgment of the trial court is reversed and the cause remanded with directions that the verdict of the jury be reinstated.
Concurring Opinion
('Concurring in result).
We are unable to concur in the following -conclusion in the majority opinion of the court: “In driving through this intersection at a speed of at least 50 miles an hour while assuming blindly that cross traffic would stop and yield him the right of way, we hold as -a matter of law that plaintiff was -guilty of negligence more than -slight.” It is- our opinion that under all the facts the question whether plaintiff’s negligence was mere that slight was for the ju-ry under our comparative negligence statute, SDC Supp. 47.0304-1. We -concur, however, -in the result.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- GROSZ, Appellant v. GROTH Et Ux., Respondents
- Cited By
- 11 cases
- Status
- Published