Capstar Fin. Holdings, Inc. v. Gaylon M. Lawrence & the Lawrence Grp.
Capstar Fin. Holdings, Inc. v. Gaylon M. Lawrence & the Lawrence Grp.
Opinion of the Court
When Gaylon Lawrence attempted a creeping takeover of Capstar Financial Holdings, Inc. ("Capstar"), by buying over 10% of Capstar's stocks, Capstar filed this action to stop him. Before the Court is Defendants' Motion to Dismiss. (Doc. No. 22.) For the following reasons, the Motion is granted in part and denied in part.
I. ALLEGATIONS
After four years of growth, on July 1, 2016, Capstar filed a preliminary prospectus for an initial public offering of its common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. (Doc. No. 1 at 5.) Days later, Lawrence called Capstar's Chief Executive Officer Claire Tucker and indicated that he would like to acquire Capstar. (Id. ) On behalf of Capstar, Tucker rejected Lawrence's advances, but informed him that she would notify the Chairman of Capstar's Board of Directors, Dennis Buttorff, of Lawrence's interest. (Id. ) Lawrence then called Buttorff himself and arranged a lunch meeting to express his desire to acquire Capstar. (Id. )
On August 29, 2016, Capstar filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission. (Id. ) Two days later, The Lawrence Group, a company Lawrence uses as his "investment vehicle" (id. at 1) but is not registered with the Federal Reserve Board as a bank holding company (id. at 15), submitted a letter proposal offering to acquire Capstar or, alternatively, a majority of its shares. (Id. at 5-6.) Two days later, Capstar's Board of Directors voted unanimously to decline The Lawrence Group's proposal and proceed with Capstar's initial public offering. (Id. at 6.) The Lawrence Group subsequently sent letters to two of Capstar's largest shareholders and separately requested to purchase all of their stock, totaling more than 30% of Capstar's stock. (Id. ) The shareholders declined. (Id. )
Eleven months after Capstar released its initial public offering, Lawrence began purchasing Capstar stock. (Id. ) On August 11, 2017, Lawrence filed a Schedule 13D form with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which is required whenever a person or group acquires over five percent of a company's stock. (Id. at 7.) The Schedule 13D indicated that Lawrence was purchasing *797stock that, in the aggregate, would put him as a 6.2 percent owner. (Doc. No. 20-1 at 3.) Lawrence described his purpose of acquiring Capstar's stock under Item 4 of the form:
The Reporting Person acquired the securities described in Schedule 13D for investment purposes, and he intends to review his investments in the Issuer on a continuing basis. Any actions the Reporting Person might undertake may be made at any time and from time to time without prior notice and will be dependent upon the Reporting Person's review of numerous factors....
Depending upon overall market conditions, other investment opportunities available to the Reporting Person, and the availability of the Issuer's securities at prices that would make the purchase or sale of the Issuer's securities desirable, the Reporting Person may acquire additional securities of the Issuer, or retain or sell all or a portion of the securities then held, in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.
The Reporting Person and his representatives may, from time to time, engage in discussions with members of the management and the board of directors of the Issuer.... Except as set forth above, the Reporting Person has no present plans or proposals which relate to or would result in any of the transactions required to be described in Item 4 of Schedule 13D.
(Id. at 4.) Two weeks later, Lawrence amended his Schedule 13D to reflect that he had purchased more stock and he was a 7.2 percent owner of Capstar. (Doc. No. 1 at 7; Doc. No. 20-2.) He did not amend his Item 4 disclosure. (Doc. No. 1 at 7; Doc. No. 20-2.) Lawrence amended his Schedule 13D three more times in the next two months, each time increasing the percentage of stock he owned, but he never amended his Item 4 disclosure. (Doc. No. 1 at 7; Doc. No. 20-3; Doc. No. 20-4; Doc. No. 20-5.) His final disclosure, filed on October 17, 2017, indicated that he had purchased in the aggregate 10.2 percent of Capstar's shares. (Doc. No. 1 at 7.) The Schedule 13D disclosures did not mention The Lawrence Group, but instead disclosed that Lawrence himself owned the stock. (Id. at 8-9.) Lawrence did not notify the Federal Reserve Board that he intended to purchase over ten percent of Capstar's stocks. (Id. at 10.)
II. Standard of Review
For the purposes of a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6), the Court must take all of the factual allegations in the complaint as true. Ashcroft v. Iqbal,
III. Analysis
The Complaint alleges three causes of action against Lawrence and The Lawrence Group: (1) filing a misleading Schedule 13D disclosure, in violation of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, *79815 U.S.C § 78m(d) ; (2) failing to notify the Federal Reserve prior to purchasing ten percent of Capstar's securities, in violation of the Change in Bank Control Act,
A. Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act
Any "person" who "directly or indirectly becomes the beneficial owner of" five percent of stock of a company shall file a report with the Securities and Exchange Commission within ten days of such purchase. 15 U.S.C. § 78m(d)(1). A "person" includes "two or more people act[ing] as a partnership, limited partnership, syndicate or group."
The beneficial owner must disclose "if the purpose of the purchases or prospective purchases is to acquire control of the business of the issuer of the securities, any plans or proposals which such persons may have to liquidate such issuer, to sell its assets to or merge it with any other persons, or to make any major change in its business or corporate structure." 15 U.S.C. § 78m(d)(1)(C). The report shall be filed as a Schedule 13D statement.
Congress began requiring this report in response "to a gap in the federal securities laws which permitted cash tender offers and other acquisitions resulting in shifts of corporate control to occur without adequate disclosure of information to investors." Gen. Aircraft Corp. v. Lampert,
Capstar alleges that Lawrence violated Section 13(d) failing to disclose his intention was to acquire control of Capstar. Lawrence argues that this claim must be dismissed because everything in his Schedule 13D disclosure is truthful, and he was only interested in continuing to acquire stock depending on the market conditions.
Lawrence's argument is the same one courts have rejected time and time again. Although it is true that overstating the definiteness of plans to acquire stock violates Section 13(d), Elec. Specialty Co. v. Int'l Controls Corp.,
Capstar also plausibly pleaded that Lawrence and The Lawrence Group acted as a group. The Complaint alleges that Lawrence acted through the Lawrence Group to make multiple offers to purchase stock and that Lawrence has given power of attorney to control his securities to The Lawrence Group. (Doc. No. 1 at 6, 9, 12.) This is sufficient to give rise to a reasonable inference that he acted with The Lawrence Group as a group in purchasing 10.2 percent of Capstar's shares, which would have to be disclosed on a Schedule 13D.
Defendants also argue that the Court should dismiss any claim for damages or for divestiture of stock because such relief is not available under Section 13(d). Capstar concedes that damages are not available. (Doc. No. 33 at 16.) However, divestiture may be awarded in a "proper case" where an injunction requiring Defendants to amend their Schedule 13D would not be an adequate remedy. ICN Pharms., Inc. v. Khan,
B. Change in Bank Control Act
Capstar alleges that Defendants violated the Change in Bank Control Act by failing to give the Federal Reserve Board notice prior to purchasing ten percent of Capstar's stock. Defendants argue that there is no private cause of action under the Act. Defendants have since given notice to the Federal Reserve Board, and the administrative proceeding is pending regarding whether the Federal Reserve Board will *800allow Lawrence to purchase up to fifteen percent of Capstar's stock. (Doc. No. 165 at 2; Doc. No. 20-6.)
"No person, acting directly or indirectly or through or in concert with one or more persons, shall acquire control of any insured depository institution through a purchase, assignment, transfer, pledge, or other disposition of voting stock of such insured depository institution unless the appropriate Federal banking agency has been given sixty days' prior written notice of such proposed acquisition and within that time period the agency has not issued a notice disapproving the proposed acquisition."
The Change in Bank Control Act gives district courts limited jurisdiction over purchasers of securities. It gives district courts the power to enjoin defendants to notify the Federal Reserve Board and to issue subpoenas for the Federal Reserve Board's investigations.
C. Tennessee Code Annotated § 45-2-107
Capstar alleges that The Lawrence Group is not a bank holding company, and therefore is not allowed to acquire or control a bank. It is true that the statute prohibits exactly that.
The Court will enter an appropriate order.
It also appears to be moot because Lawrence no longer owns over ten percent of Capstar's stock. (Doc. No. 58 at 3 n.2.)
Reference
- Full Case Name
- CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. v. Gaylon M. LAWRENCE and The Lawrence Group
- Status
- Published