Heskew v. State

Court of Civil Appeals of Texas
Heskew v. State, 17 Tex. Ct. App. 161 (1884)
1884 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 190
White

Heskew v. State

Opinion of the Court

White, Presiding Judge.

In selecting a jury from the lists furnished him, defendant had in striking from the lists exhausted his tea peremptory challenges. Amongst the names remaining upon the list of jurymen found to be chosen was that of E. F. Fisher. When, the jury chosen was called to take their places in the box, it was found that the juror Fisher was not present, and defendant insisted that said juror should be brought in, because his challenges had beea exhausted and because Fisher had been chosen. In his explanation to the bill of exceptions the learned judge says it was ascertained that the juror Fisher was absent and sick, and when, upon an order from the court, another juror was called to complete the panel in place of Fisher, and was accepted by the district attorney for the State, the court informed defendant’s attorney that if he was not satisfied with such juror he might exercise the right oi challenge upon him, and that the court would stand him aside and get another ¿ and defendant and his counsel refusing to say anything, the panel was completed with the new juror.

Under these circumstances, there being no objection to the new juror, we cannot see that defendant’s rights have been disregarded, or his interests prejudiced. “The right of peremptory challenge is not of itself a right to select, but a right to reject jurors It excludes from the jury those whom the prisoner objects to, u\.t ,1 he exhausts his peremptory challenges. The right, therefore, of ;hallenge does not necessarily draw after it the right of selection, but merely of exclusion. It enables the prisoner to say who shall not try him, but not to say who shall be the particular jurors to try him.” (Loggins v. The State, 12 Texas Ct. App., 80; Turpin v. The State, 2 Grim. Law Magazine, 532; 54 Vt., 112.) It is true that, Fisher’s name, being left upon the list after all challenges were exhausted, he was in contemplation and by operation of law one of the chosen jurymen, yet he had neither been impaneled nor sworn; and because such was the effect of the law that was no reason why, when he was found tc he absent, sick and unable to sit as a juryman, his place should not be supplied by another juror in every respect competent. To hold otherwise would in such cases unnecessarily delay if it did not entirely defeat a trial. Had the juror been impaneled and sworn, the rule would be different. (Sterling v. The State, 15 Texas Ct. App., 246; Hill v. The State, 10 Texas Ct. App., 618; Ellison v. The State, 12 Texas Ct. App., 557.)

*166We are of opinion that the court erred in refusing to permit defendant to prove that, prior to his taking possession of and marking and branding the animal, he had informed the witness Dismukes of the circumstances concerning the purchase of the same, and that he asked and followed the advice of Dismukes in taking and branding the animal. Whilst these declarations might not come strictly within the rule of res gestee, and not be admissible as such, still they tended to sho'w a taking upon a claim of right and an open assertion pf right. “A party may in certain cases show by his contemporaneous statements that he was at the particular time not acting illegally.” (Wbart. Grim. Evid. (8th ed.), § 692.)

Again: the defendant offered to prove by the witnesses Mooney and Botts that, two days after Glover had claimed and gotten the animal from Ollison, to whom defendant had loaned him to work, he, defendant, stated to the witnesses that he had bought the animal from one Goodwin, and took it believing he had a fair and honest claim to it. On objection by the prosecution, the court refused to allow the defendant to introduce this evidence. Defendant, at the time he made this statement, was for the first time apprised of the fact that Glover had set up a claim to and had taken the animal from Ollison. We are of opinion he was entitled to the evidence. It was an explanation of his possession of the animal when the fact that his right of possession was questioned and controverted was for the first time made known and brought home to him.

When the possession of recently stolen property is relied on as inculpatory of the accused, his explanation thereof is admissible in his behalf provided it was given on the first occasion for any explanation by him. It is not material even that the first occasion did not present itself until three or four weeks after he had parted with the possession. (Anderson v. The State, 11 Texas Ct. App., 576; Lewis v. The State, ante, p. 140.)

But, as was said in Taylor v. The State, 15 Texas Ct. App., 356: “To be admissible, the party must be in possession of the property, or the explanation must be made when arrested for the theft, or when charged or informed that he is suspected of the theft. And another rule must be borne in mind, which is that the exnlanation must be made when the party is first directly or circumstantially called upon to explain.” (See, also, Castellow v. The State, 15 Texas Ct. App., 551.) The facts shown, in our opinion, bring this case within the rule.

Other errors are complained of, but, being of a character not *167likely to arise on a second trial of this case, we deem it unnecessary to discuss them. The judgment is reversed and the cause remanded.

Reversed and remanded.

[Opinion delivered November 15, 1884.]

Reference

Full Case Name
Gilpin Heskew v. State
Cited By
1 case
Status
Published
Syllabus
L Practice — Jury Law — Challenge — Case Stated.— The right of peremptory challenge is not of itself a right to select, but a right to reject jurors. It excludes from the jury those whom the prisoner objects to, until he exhausts his peremptory challenges. The right of challenge, therefore, lives not necessarily draw after it the right of selection, but merely of exclusion. It enables the prisoner to say who shall not, but not who shall, by him. The defendant in this case exhausted his peremptory challenges in striking names from the list furnished. Among the names remaining upon the list as chosen jurymen was that of one F„ When called to the box F. was found to be absent, and the defense insisted that he be brought in, because he had been chosen and the defendant’s challenges had been exhausted. Explaining the bill of exceptions the trial judge certified that the absence of the juror F. was occasioned by sickness, and that he ordered another juror called to complete the panel, who was accepted by the State, whereupon he notified the defendant that, if he was not satisfied, he would be accorded the right of challenge, and another juror would be substituted. The defendant and his counsel refusing to say anything, the panel was completed with the new juror. Held that, under the circumstances, the juror F. not having been impaneled and sworn, and no objection having been interposed to him as a juror, it cannot be held that the rights of the defendant were prejudiced by the action of the court. The rule would be otherwise had the juror F. been impaneled and sworn. 2. Same — Theft — Evidence.— A party may, in certain cases, show by his own contemporaneous statements that ho was, at the particular time, not acting illegally. Under this rule the trial court erred in refusing to permit the defendant to prove that, prior to his taking possession of, and marking and branding, the alleged stolen animal, he informed the witness D. of the circumstances of his purchase of the animal, and that he asked and followed the advice of D. in taking and branding the animal. While not admissible as res gestee, these declarations tended to show a taking upon a claim of right, and an open assertion of right. 3. Same—Possession of Recently Stolen Property.— When the possession of recently stolen property is relied on as inculpatory of the accused, his explanation thereof is admissible in his behalf, provided it was given on the first occasion for any explanation by him. It is not material that the first occasion did not present itself until three or four weeks after he had parted with the possession. To be admissible, the party must either be in possession of the property, or the explanation must be made when he was arrested for the theft, or when he was charged or informed that he is suspected of the theft. The explanation must have been made when the party was first directly or circumstantially called upon to explain. See the opinion in extenso for evidence which, coming within this rule, was erroneously excluded.