St. Louis, S. F. & T. Ry. Co. v. Jenkins
St. Louis, S. F. & T. Ry. Co. v. Jenkins
Opinion of the Court
This suit was instituted by the appellee against the appellant to recover damages for personal injuries sustained by him on account of the negligence of appellant. It is alleged: That the appellant owned and operated a railroad and shops and yards in Grayson county, Tex. That on the 21st day of September, 1909, plaintiff was in the employ of defendant in the capacity of a boiler maker helper, and was under the superintendence, control, commana, and direction of one O. A. Oglesby, who was then in the employ of the defenaant in the capacity of a boiler maker; that, in the performance of his work as a helper of said C. A. Ogles-by, said Oglesby directed plaintiff in ithe discharge of his duties, and it was plaintiff’s duty, and he was required by the defendant, to obey instructions and directions, of said Oglesby; that on said 21st day of September, 1909, the said Oglesby was engaged in repairing an engine and renewing rivets with patch bolts in the side sheet of the engine, and in doing this work plaintiff was acting as said Oglesby’s helper; that a part of the work to be done in this repairing was what is known as V-ing out a hole — that is,. cutting it out with a cold chisel by striking the chisel with a hammer — that in doing this work of cutting out holes what is called burrs or pieces of sheeting are cut off. and thrown from the sheeting with great force by the chisel being struck with a hammer; that while engaged in the work aforesaid, in working upon the< right side of the fire box, said Oglesby had used an air hammer, and, while he was chiseling and cutting out the holes, plaintiff stood behind him in a position out of danger of being struck by the burrs and chips that would iiy from, the sheet of the engine as they were cut out by the use of the chisel and hammer; that a chisel fell down under the ash pan. in, the fire box and Oglesby directed plaintiff to get it; that, when plaintiff started to get the chisel, Oglesby discontinued striking the chisel and cutting off burrs and chips from, the sheet of the engine where he had been at .work, but, while plaintiff in obedience to. said Oglesby’s orders was getting the chisel from under the ash -pan, said Oglesby began to work on the left side of the fire box by striking the chisel with the hammer; that the chisel was so situated and pointed in such way as that a burr or chip cut from the sheet would naturally and necessarily fly toward plaintiff; that just as plaintiff picked up the chisel that he had' gotten from under the fire box and straightened up said Oglesby with the hammer struck and cut a burr, chip, or piece from the sheet which flew with great force and struck plaintiff’s right eye and totally destroyed the sight thereof, and seriously injured his left eye; that as the result of said injuries plaintiff is totally blind in his right eye, and the sight of his left eye very greatly diminished and injured. It is further alleged that Oglesby gave plaintiff no warning that he was going to use the hammer and chisel while plaintiff was engaged in obeying his orders and getting the chisel from under the fire box; that the proper, usual, and customary way of doing said work was for Oglesby to wait until he, plaintiff, had gotten the chisel from under the fire box, and gotten out of the danger of flying burrs or chips from the sheet as they would be cut off, but, instead of doing so, the said Oglesby, at the time plaintiff was engaged in obeying his orders, and while in a position of danger from flying burrs or chips, negligently began to use the hammer and chisel to out chips and burrs from the sheet, and thereby negligently caused a burr or chip or piece of said sheet to fly and injure plaintiff as above stated. Defendant answered by a general denial, pleas of contributory negligence, and assumed risk, and that, if Oglesby was guilty of any negligence which'caused or contributed to plaintiff’s injury, he was at the time such injury was received a fellow servant of plaintiff, and de *713 fendant was not responsible for such negligence. The case was tried before a jury, and verdict and. judgment rendered in favor of the plaintiff for $11,000, and the defendant appealed.
The first assignment of error complains of the court’s action in refusing to instruct the jury at defendant’s request that C. A. Ogles-by at the time plaintiff was injured was a fellow servant of plaintiff, and that defendant was not responsible for his'acts; therefore to return a verdict in favor of defendant. The propositions contended for under this assignment are: (1) That appellee and Oglesby were not engaged in operating a railroad, or in work directly connected therewith, at the time of appellee’s injury and were fellow servants, and appellant is not liable for Oglesby’s negligence; (2) that if the provisions of the Texas employer’s liability act of. 1909, which abrogate the common-law doctrine of fellow servants as to those operating railroads and leaves it in force as to all other persons, be not restricted to those employes engaged in the operation of railways, or in work directly connected therewith, then the said act is violative of the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment to the federal Constitution, and is void; (3) that the appellee and Oglesby were fellow servants, notwithstanding the provisions of article 4560g, R. S., because article 45G0g, R. S., was repealed by the provisions of the Texas employer’s liability act of 1009; (4) that if the provisions of article 4560g, R. S., which abrogates, in part, the common-law doctrine of fellow servants as to certain employes of railroads and leaves it in force as to all other persons, be not restricted to those employes engaged in the operation of railroads or in work directly connected therewith, then the same is viola-tive of the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment to the federal Constitution, and is void. Neither of these propositions can be maintained under the statutes and decisions of this state.
4. That said act is not void as being in violation of the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States, but, like the federal' employer’s liability act (Act April 22, 1908, c. 149, 35 Stat. 65 [U. S. Comp. St. Supp. 1909, p. 1171]) abrogates the common-law doctrine of fellow servant as to employés of a corporation operating a railroad, is well settled by the decisions, above cited, of the courts of this state and of the Supreme Court of the United States. The special charge was properly refused.
7. In the tenth paragraph of the general charge, the court submitted the doctrine of comparative negligence in accordance with the provisions of the act of 1909, and in its fifth and sixth assignments of error the appellant complains of this charge and of the court’s refusal to give its special charge No. 13, which submits contributory, negligence on the part of the appellee as a bar to his recovery. The contention is that the suit was not brought under the provisions of the act of 1909, and, not having been so brought, the court erred in submitting in the charge to the jury the doctrine of comparative negligence, and should have given appellant’s said special charge, which submits the common-law doctrine as to contributory negligence. It is sufficient to say, in answer to this contention, that we have held in disposing of the first assignment of error that the act of 1909 is valid, and that it applies to employes such as appellee and Oglesby, in the work in which they were engaged at the time appellee was hurt, and that, if that holding is correct, the position here assumed cannot be maintained.
8. The seventh assignment complains of the ninth paragraph of the court’s charge, which is as follows: “If you should find for plaintiff, you will allow him such sum as you may believe from the evidence will, as a present cash payment, reasonably compensate him for the physical and mental pain, if any, he has suffered by reason of his injury; for the time he has lost, if any, by reason of his injury; for the physical and mental pain, if any, which you believe, from the evidence, it is reasonably probable he will suffer in the future by reason of his injury; also for the diminished capacity, if any, to labor and earn money in the future by reason of his injury.” The proposition urged under this assignment is that if the court did not err in giving the charge submitting the doctrine of comparative negligence, which is complained of in the fifth assignment of error, then the court erred in giving the ninth paragraph here complained of without referring to the paragraph made the basis of said fifth assignment of error, and without qualifying said ninth paragraph “as to the amount of the damages that plaintiff was entitled to recover by reason of the comparative negli *715 gence proposition.” We Rave grave doubts of the sufficiency of the evidence to raise the issue of contributory negligence, and, if it is not raised, the charge of the court in submitting that issue was more favorable to appellant than it was entitled to, and he has no cause to complain of the manner of its submission. But, treating the evidence as being sufficient to raise the issue, the charge complained of furnishes no sufficient reason for reversing the case. Standing alone, it might, but the tenth paragraph of the charge which immediately follows qualifies it sufficiently to meet the criticism made in the assignment under consideration. There is no conflict in the two paragraphs and when considered together, there is no probability that the jury, presumed to possess ordinary intelligence, was misled by the paragraph assailed to the prejudice of appellant. Nor did the court err in refusing to give appellant’s special charge No. 11, made the basis of its eighth assignment -of error. This charge, in so far as correct, was sufficiently covered by the seventh paragraph of the main charge.
All of the assignments of error have been carefully considered, and, because we are of the opinion that none of them disclose reversible error, the judgment will be affirmed.
Affirmed.
Reference
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- St. Louis, S. F. T. Ry. Co. v. Jenkins. [Fn&8224]
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