Wall & Stabe Co. v. Berger
Wall & Stabe Co. v. Berger
Opinion of the Court
This suit was filed by the appellee, A. Berger, against appellant, Wall & Stabe Company, a corporation, in one of the justice’s courts of Harris county, in which appellee sought to recover damages caused to his automobile in consequence of a collision between the automobile and an automobile ambulance owned and operated by appellant. The collision occurred at or •near the intersection of Travis and Preston streets in the city of Houston.
It was the contention of appellee that the collision was caused by a failure on the part of appellant’s driver to observe several of the ordinances of the city, then in force, relative to the operation of automobiles in the city.
Appellant answered by general demurrer and general denial, and then specially alleged that the collision was caused, not by any fault or negligence on the part of appellant’s driver, but solely in consequence of negligence of appellee in failing to observe certain ordinances of the city, which were alleged to be in force at the time and place of the collision; that by the collision appellant’s ambulance was damaged, and appellant prayed recovery against appellee therefor.
The result in the justice’s court was a judgment to the effect that a'ppellee recover nothing by his suit, and that appellant take nothing by his cross-action. From that judgment appellee,' Berger, appealed to the county court at law, where a jury, in" answer to special issues, returned a verdict in favor of appellee, and judgment was entered in his favor, and appellant was denied recovery on its cross-action. From that judgment appellant prosecutes this appeal.
The first three assignments complained, in effect, that the county court at law acquired no jurisdiction on appeal from the justice’s court, and that therefore this court should reverse the county court’s judgment and dismiss the case.
The fourth, fifth, and sixth assignments are overruled, because they point out no *976 reversible error, and we do not discuss them, for the reason that the questions involved will not probably arise on another trial.
The seventh assignment complains of the action of the trial court in admitting the testimony of appellee’s witness Bunyard relative to a statement made to him by the driver of appellant’s ambulance, about 15 minutes after the collision which gave rise to this suit.
The witness Bunyard was a policeman of the city of Houston, and was present at the time of the collision in question. His testimony in this connection waá as follows:
“I talked with the driver of the ambulance. * * * i talked with him at the time of the accident, and then afterwards. At the time of the accident he wanted me to get in the ambulance and make the call with him, wanted me to talk to him, and I told him, ‘No, that is not my business,’ and he went and came back in a few, about 15, minutes, without any one, and then put his wagon up and came back down there (meaning the place of the collision) and got awful raw.”
Appellee’s counsel, at this point, asked the witness this question: “What did the driver say when he came back after having put up his ambulance? ” To this question, appellant’s counsel objected on the ground that any statement made by the driver at such time could not bind the defendant, that the same would be hearsay, and would be no part of the res geste, and would be therefore inadmissible. The court overruled the objection of appellant, and permitted the witness Bunyard to answer the question, his answer being as follows:
“He (the driver) allowed the ambulance had the right of way over everybody, and they ought to keep out of his way; it didn’t matter if he did kill him.”
This evidence was not offered by appellee by way of impeachment of anything that had been stated by appellant’s driver, but was offered and admitted' as original evidence on the theory, as claimed by appellee, that it was admissible as a part of the res geste.
The record shows, without dispute, that at the time of the collision in question appellant’s ambulance was responding to an emergency call at some point in the city of Houston, and that after the accident appellant’s driver proceeded on his journey and mission and answered the call for the ambulance, and then returned, coming back by the place of accident, and then proceeded to appellant’s place of business, and put up the ambulance, and thereafter returned to the place of accident, where it is claimed by the witness Bunyard the declaration objected to was made.
The case of Railway Co. v. Anderson, 82 Tex. 519, 17 S. W. 1040, 27 Am. St. Rep. 902, is a leading case in this state on the point here involved, and in that case it was said that declarations or exclamations, uttered by parties to a transaction, and which are contemporaneous with and accompanying it, and are calculated to throw light upon the motives and intentions of the parties to it, are always admissible as part of the res geste. It was there further remarked by the court that respectable authority could be found which restricts the rule to this definition, but that the rule is more liberal in this state, and then the court adds:
Not only are such declarations admissible “as accompanying the transaction, but also such as are made under such circumstances as will raise a reasonable presumption that they are the spontaneous utterance of thoughts created by or springing out of the transaction itself, and so soon thereafter as to exclude the presumption that they are the result of premeditation or design.”
In this case the evidence was in sharp conflict as to the cause of the collision, that is to say, whether it was the fault or negligence of appellant’s -driver that caused the collision, or whether it was that of appellee himself, and, this being true, it cannot be said, in reason, that the error of the trial court, in admitting this damaging evidence, was harmless. The seventh assignment is therefore sustained.
The objection to this testimony was, substantially, that such statement on the part of Perry, if made, was a statement concerning a past transaction, of which Perry had no personal knowledge, and could not be in any sense admissible and binding against appellant, especially since it was not shown that Perry had authority to make any such statements or promise, or that such statement arose out of or in the course of the performance of any duty imposed upon him by appellant.
We are inclined to think that as the matter appears in this record, appellant’s objection to this testimony should have been sustained, and since the case must be reversed, as already indicated, we would suggest that before the trial court, on another trial, should admit the evidence here complained of, Mr. Perry’s authority to make ahy such statement or promise, as indicated, should be more fully and definitely shown.
The other assignments of error relate to matters which will not probably occur on another trial, and we do not discuss them for that reason.
For the error indicated by the seventh assignment, it is the opinion of this court that the trial court’s judgment should be reversed, and the cause remanded for a new trial; and it will be so ordered.
Reversed and remanded.
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