Collins v. State
Collins v. State
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
Appellant Thomas Michael Collins was charged by two informations with two separate “violation of a protective order” offenses. He pled not guilty to a jury, which found him guilty after hearing evidence. At the completion of the guilt stage of the trial, the judge assessed his punishment at confinement for twenty-five days in the Denton County jail. The sentences were to run concurrently. On appeal, Collins brings four points complaining that the trial judge committed reversible error in denying Collins’s two motions to quash and two motions to dismiss. We affirm.
Collins was charged in two cases with intentionally and knowingly going “to or near the residence of Colleen Collins as specifically prohibited in a protective order issued in cause number 95-50599-367 in the 367th District Court, Denton County, Texas, said order signed on the 28th day of September, 1995.” This conduct is prohibited by Penal Code Section 25.07, which states:
(a) A person commits an offense if, in violation of an order issued under section 3.581, 71.11, or 71.12, Family Code, or under Article 17.292, Code of Criminal Procedure, the person knowingly or intentionally:
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(3) goes to or near any of the following places as specifically described in the order:
(A) the residence or place of employment or business of a protected individu*466 al or a member of the family or household;
Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 25.07 (Vernon 1994 & Supp. 1997).
The protective order issued in this case was under the authority of the Section 71.11, which states:
(c) In an order under Subsections (b)(3) and (b)(4) of this section, the court shall specifically describe the prohibited locations and the minimum distances therefrom, if any, that the party must maintain unless Section 71.111 of this code applies, in which case, the court order need not disclose the locations.
Tex. Fam.Code Ann. 71.11 (Vernon 1996). The specific order Collins was charged with violating stated in part:
It is ORDERED that Respondent, Thomas M. Collins, is prohibited from doing the following:
Prohibited from going to or near the residence or place of employment or business of COLLEEN COLLINS, whose residence is located at 4937 Stuart Rd., # 362, Den-ton, Texas, 76207, and whose employment address is located at 8015 Cherry Street, Suite 200, Fort Worth, Texas 76102.
Briefly, the evidence adduced at trial was that Colleen Collins obtained the protective order against her husband, Collins, on September 28,1995. On October 15 and November 2, 1995, Ms. Collins notified police that her husband was at her home. On both occasions, the police responded. On the first occasion, Collins was not there when the police arrived, but charges were none the less filed against him for that event. On the second occasion, Collins was in the street in front of the residence and was arrested at that time. The second case arose out of this latter occasion.
Collins argues under points one and two
Points three and four require us to interpret the meaning of Section 71.11, specifically the wording concerning the required specificity of location and distance. Tex. Fam.Code Ann. § 71.11. Concerning statutory interpretation, in Boykin v. State, the Court of Criminal Appeals set out the proper method of interpreting the intent the legislature had in mind in enacting a statute or code provision:
When attempting to discern this collective legislative intent or purpose, we necessarily.focus our attention on the literal text of the statute in question and attempt to discern the fair, objective meaning of that text at the time of its enactment.
Boykin v. State, 818 S.W.2d 782, 785 (Tex. Crim.App. 1991). The plain meaning of a statute is to be given effect unless to do so would lead to absurd consequences that were not possibly intended by the enacting body. See id. If two interpretations are possible, we depart from giving effect to the plain meaning of the words in the statute only if one interpretation of the statute produces absurd results and the other does not, in which case we decide in,favor of an interpretation to effect the latter. See Muniz v. State, 851 S.W.2d 238, 244 (Tex.Crim.App.), cert. denied, 510 U.S. 837, 114 S.Ct. 116, 126 L.Ed.2d 82 (1993).
We disagree with Collins that a Section 71.11 order prohibiting a person from going to or near the residence or place of employment or business of another person must describe both a location and a minimum distance. See Tex. Fam.Code Ann. § 71.11.
Moreover, it is not necessary that the underlying protective order be specific enough to support a judgment of contempt; it is only necessary that it be specific enough to meet the normal requirements of specificity that attach to allegations of culpable conduct. See Lee v. State, 799 S.W.2d 750, 752-54 (Tex.Crim.App. 1990).
Examining the protective order in this case, we find no flaw in its lack of specificity concerning a distance that Collins was to keep from the specifically-described residence and place of employment of his wife. The trial court was therefore not in error in denying Collins’s motion to dismiss the infor-mations in the two eases against him. Points three and four are overruled.
Concerning points one and two, which state that the trial judge erred in overruling Collins’s motions to quash in each case because the information is vague, Collins asserts that the underlying protective order contains conflicting provisions. Specifically, Collins points out that while he was prohibited at all times from going to or near his wife’s residence, he was also granted the right to pick up his son at that residence on Father’s Day and on his son’s birthday. Without citation of authority, Collins asserts that this conflict renders the protective order insufficient to support an information charging a criminal offense. We disagree.
The protective order by its plain terms prohibited Collins from going to or near his wife’s residence except on two occasions, Father’s Day and on his son’s birthday.
We have examined the protective order and we do not agree that the order contains inherent contradictions or conflicting provisions.
. Point one asserts that his motion to quash should have been granted in trial court number CR-95-08003-D, which is our cause number 2-96-284-CR. Point two is identical except it asserts that his motion to quash should have been granted in trial court number CR-95-08798-D, which is our cause number 2-96-285-CR.
. Point three asserts that his motion to dismiss should have been granted in trial court number CR-95-08003-D, which is our cause number 2-96-284-CR. Point of error four is identical except it asserts that his motion to dismiss should have been granted in trial court number CR-95-08798-D, which is our cause number 2-96-285-CR.
. Although inferentially the Court of Criminal Appeals did, in Lee, require that the order must be valid before a criminal prosecution could be legitimately conducted. Lee, 799 S.W.2d at 754.
. Neither offense occurred on Father’s Day or on Collins’s son’s birthday.
. Collins pointed out to the trial court that on February 27, 1996, the District Court that issued the protective order quashed the order at the request of both Collins and Ms. Collins. The order quashing the order states:
THEREFORE IT IS ORDERED AND DECREED that the Protective Order granted by this court on September 20, 1995, is QUASHED, INVALIDATED and VOIDED for lack of notice to Respondent for the conflictive terms of the written protective order.
Exactly which terms the court was referring to were not, however, set out. Also, we note that this was an agreed proceeding, and further that such an order is not binding on the trial court in the criminal case. See Tharp v. State, 935 S.W.2d 157, 161 (Tex.Crim.App. 1996).
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.