Court of Civil Appeals of Texas, 2015

Whitfield, Ronald Dwayne v. Texas, the State Of

Whitfield, Ronald Dwayne v. Texas, the State Of
Court of Civil Appeals of Texas · Decided March 27, 2015

Whitfield, Ronald Dwayne v. Texas, the State Of

Opinion

1521 La SaJe-H-e

3h£*l•jfi ^

2H PHeJiiMl H

4flj^a III^^^i-^usikZKia ~tf"7 fr

CEE -^1 2kas^Je^kIZSIeji"^v\d eT ^ 3 •H-/OJ .^ ^ZVVjGj^j^l 5|_ IDa^vN\S_^j SSl^^keV53S^Iici/ r

CPtUSB HO. $2546<8 CAUSE Mo. S2«^SC cause t^o. bvnni^ mm? iS3ni *w& STfttt Of TtXws, v. Counts OF $Mu% fropwev W* bu>^ vok^eA CcuMTf, Tews £>efe™w> v.

CTe, C^. We. WO, Mb \AlaSo,, ^S.va.2ol5^CTexCT^.^MW V--5™ , Tt^i. Due To fmlu^ or- t^l ^ TO "ReM^ HtM!** "RLE/ M»6 but Tt> Suibs" the CoomTJx.Ccaaj^, ^i. 42.ol "TuDoneKn"1 AMD V0E\ IWKfl- KTC11 t\Eh^i^(? XN HC-Hi or- TiTlt \% u.s.c. sec. 2^)2 VMJUFUU STME ftcnOKl /Vmd/OEI XN Action OVt^ D&FEk\aKMT^ DUE fooCESS "^fi-Hrrs1^ C>Weo U\f\ To ST^ fefts\ ©^ TEXAS Gftl£^wct Secnovw To Ofhu op p,-rroR.utt 6-eME^i_,U.S.oemitTo?0USVicE: T5! Srwe cow^^siom oiu ;jus>uu<al Conduct ' IM &DTK TH£ UNITED STMtSi Dmct OF THt MlO^tl G^ERlrlL?

c- I ATE COM MISS AM JuB\ciml CoKi^ua^ u-h K idD Court of Appeals for the S First District of Texas at Houston v «\ Com Hi MX. p^g m icm r mx > w\ iscoMDi ir T/ h m n

UJ c Appellate case name: Ronald Dwayne Whitfield v. The State of Texas V Appellate case numbers: 01-92-00617-CR v/ FILED TuESDM/24 MM lU^Afj 4 Trial court case numbers: 617718 \s u Trial court: 174th District Court of Harris County \s . -2 J] m» •• » m* L& U iL^£L 2jj -STATE Actiu\ n — j ^ . ^ a—ea^-*_^—g_* jags gg jgg * Eg. *- gg *—^ * • * " gg * ~• • Appellant was convicted of burglary of a building with intent to commit theft and, -after being enhanced by two prior felony convictions, was sentenced to 35 years in prison £8 on June 5, 1992. On direct appeal, this Court issuedAan opinion on August 26, 1993, O affirming*appellant's judgment of conviction. Whitfield v. State, No. 01-92-00617-CR, c 1993 WL 322738, at *4 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist] Aug. 26, 1993, pet. refd) (mem. op., not designated for publication). Our mandate issued on March 9, 1994, and K 7"'' provided, in relevant part, the following: The cause came on to be heard on the record of the court below, and the same being considered, because it is the opinion of this Court that there was no error in the judgment, it is ordered, adjudged, and decreed by the Court that the judgment be in ail things AFFIRMED, and the appellant pay all costs in this behalf expended and that this decision be 5j3 certified below for observance. ' The Clerk of this Court previously mailed copies ofjthe certified docket sheet, mandate,. -v and opinion to appellant on October 20, 2009. C BLfr Ue Ten^ere^ r\o *TtiQtMBJT *let • J On March 13, 2015, appellant, proceeding pro se and incarcerated, filed an amended motion, dated March 10, 2015, to recall our 1994 mandate, as well as the mandate in four other causes, as void, pursuant to Texas Rule of Appellate Procedure 18.7, and incorporated his prior letter-motions to recall the mandate. Appellant apparently claims that there was no proper rendition of judgment because, among other reasons, the criminal complaint was apparently time-stamped when the trial clerk's office was closed, the copy of the opinion he attached to his motions, apparently received from the Clerk of this Court, was not physically signed by Justice O'Connor, and because the

OfilH a v ju^nesTT" of -H\»s Caor\ can s o ' ^ W i S s e "CnflPfelldtc Courts Efkkr JuhfttlMk Whenever lh£i JeciJe. c3S& on zff-eaLThe -2. p&aSMStJ-or uhahever JuJ3ment an aPPeilahe. cour-f renders Zre. stated in ihe. afiftioA,tokich i+(tous+ fan J Adum."* CPsSe ini-rte tifte/Uic fiMcai^J.a copies of the opinion and mandate, which he apparently received from the trial clerk, did not contain the same certified file marks as those from the Clerk of this Court. On June 24, 2009, we had previously dismissed, for lack of jurisdiction, appellant's similar pro se motion to recall our 1994 mandate as void for failure of this Court to render its judgment. ••#• In any event, after our mandate issued on March 9, 1994, our plenary power expired, and we lack jurisdiction to vacate or modify our judgment. See Tex. R. App. P. 19.3. While Rule 19.3(b) allows us to recall our mandate as these rules provide after our plenary power has expired, recalling our mandate only occurs if we have first vacated or modified our judgment, which has not occurred. See Tex. R. App. P. 18.7, 19.3(b). " Accordingly, appellant's amended motion to recall the mandate is dismissed for want ofjurisdiction. The Court dismisses all pending motions as moot. " It is so ORDERED. THUS iv*UiiLLPULLl s hCtitiQ 'UUDER COLOR Df LAu3 *iX 'MMWoSOEVeK. . . . " \£ U.S.C. 1 2^2.

Judge's signature: Is/ Laura C. Higlev TH-liS M Acting individually D Acting for the Court FoPn hit CLASSES OF KcmorOSl MO MEED Fo£ ^el/ew 6AMC.Cfl)in1 Date: March24, 2Q15e : , . , ., • , i TO STATE commission ou JUDICIAL COMUUCI < To Tile hoML»flf»e>LE vliLSTiLh—HfaldJ '. MU&T "RECUSE" HERSELF MflU TO THE HtrnBEl ?KUeL \ To THE Ek\ &i\rtc COuKT*.

TO THE KTTfifcWfcV OF THE HOOSToU fsl ', To TUE KlTi. Gttf. OFFICE,' TO THE U.S. ITdSTiCE OEflVKT.

Ta THe MH\wlS neblk*.

1\1<M CjDmes Real froi'S last Vr&?het/?ro*Vei3 ftonaiA Quaane LiW.ei^ CliTvt \L-0/Ztfis.26^1LrH$/ ^ni We loouti. Respectfully sW*> as -feM&L*s** "T . Jua&he<orr wot RtMte^ti^ In TrtE First Coukt of RfftKLS Or TtXftS #• Lue current-rmembers of ihe Cfcurt- jo no$ Vfacu bje toe? rmu5t render Our cum vTuD&MeKiT befere Loe ona^ render cor rmanaate. o? affirmance; this a??esL\ \s S^\\\ ?eAV^ *' 3ucl3fcienV.,u JUsLc& U^le.^, jbLx. SfeKm Vitl<3£\ov\ Of Tifle 1& \1.£.<L.%212 b£ca*e±£3L±tScxr- j\/edi dloa Orjcr G_abc&ieJ!lil£j^^ Qal_Amje^2ic2£k2Q/-Lj£ WaA Llii.le pl* Last; .Bg^iQU&QL-jJL&it^sj^ At ladC of sWlsAcVino/

w c renAe-r i^s I L)Via.t.y CA^SS ? * 6 Cbt^o^ Jud3maoJb_^ LSmaTv Ag rA 3raAers 1111 wL A1 fter pur manA^Le. r^n March ^ ftgflj/ Our TlenaA Poujex exfireA/ an^ uip.

Jot^cq_qM^; our L 'SfcaX.. rJass? 'don- iL^S. Wlk'.le L't/J^gih, r.laffi.?7"] IRiAg, ll^CbD ^auis us +o v^caU ^ r

JODX m&v\Aafcc on\^ Ocrors if \oP h^v^ IfjDSfc \)aca-reA or m<sAiitkA ftnr OX% Jocrv/r^. .4? Try. R. P\?tJLm lyrarTpftfas smks */

fi£___g>Lg £^uiA^q£_J1aw\a?\v ft-?ppai£> /l£---IgggaS_C£y\ViAuf>. Ax. spp.^.v; ^^£1 Tr J^_J!eaA_JKiS_jL^^vc>yN A-F I ^hf £^ej_JL_^^ dfex—an uauiarrcvnYed Cooiifccii^AlQ^ 3Jl\.Qu_l_ I lbe&re_JAie-_Pe Ae ,tsv\ ^kNCtmdejgJt iQfctc^&i<L__3,ftA c!3l±d ialg Mc£L_Jk\£_j£L-fkA_Ao so kecauSe 4^^-^ui<L-iiL^l__^ -ls chulws A-U^-r- ike jinfrtea^ keg>Q f rer\A^rgA. '1V WAsona \j

ZFoTTk LteTTiM.£ Sudx fttjt i^iiL^_±^^ -|flf JAA5 Caut-F PreVi^usVA mi^Aled. CofieS Bn4 oPt^ott ±b r Aka \ro?Vp-SL "civsA Z\ LBlgeW^L^A: nn Orh 20/ Zooa nOn A»rect aSfeal^ AklSCoux-V l^Su^ci *ac\ ox>i^ dx> o*\ P^us-V '2c f \y\ 3 Bfflrt^v^^l^.^^^W^lS luA5to^e>(& O.f Convict Dvw k/^/MeiJ^ kS/3y^7 .

322Q3.gat *i Cxe»Cftff, — )Wiw LASA t)4l.3 Ku3„ 2£, J9^.&fc#Tef,i C rmem* Q£>.not des^naAe^ -fee....

F^fe\Ac^A.ov^ kk^LLSSs^J^teC/^^^iS? .{^feLj 1-6 Xs AW„AJ er^ .JeSsovn tel,^ .Eeieasei.^ xAr^\.e*_3 -.- .ih^r^^^P^^}^(xd\|jernwienrt / xe _ Ldora_ L_. Hial h-OU£—CLkXO... •ex tt^rt :RuteJ3LSOa -O-ff-C-

OvoS- US •ix).- XecaW Dox !Boa*yA'cfeu o -O ° _BiAer ...our £lenax^„_?ou^ei has. je*^fexeA^ La .oA rfckaA 1 rec^WvBS oux ma»<Jbdbk on\^ Occu.fS l£ ye ba^-JLus-fc ^acArbeA ox fTLodiCLe^- £>uv Aad.^e^i' 3*ad 51 ace ^tefae.jCTiier BdLt^AS .W ?X09.Wet(6 .A< .*.. .SA^terl jG3L£e* rmaViO\r>. _io recau out £S£s.toO ft.°i4m^dtdt as... \>.o\A xfex £alWe

.fe.?Fea\s....3 xfo .tfeukrl-fes. L_N£Yb COOT-k 6USo Arrreo ....V^ CTV'AV VsnosADS Bbou,+ .-. .,\av)\e...A\.Javv^...^Y\Lr^..^a.nc-.

JJec\s\t>o.Xxi 5jM»des ,. * J

etc cLEaso.e\-5 6?1b1^. ConS^oA£5... - ifeeCnurib -OAmoOp HdA :Ake — Court_lau.SE xeviA^v a _ *lad,3£b_ejQA: vjO^^.^CC.aTfeace._UjAjb ..... Ake^j?„&n&] QjplninnJl _ _ - Lithuv5x^A.A. 24 Voatdi 2o15.4L.D.1 J ke_.__f.h) '5 OLxm MAo.vjq.€M e^_^V^ _J3i^_La^^jDa^k£i.„_ ^toAs^ _OvexrHxe. i^hewxe^J2&>ajLV__ ±Vis^s±e- Order_ Wx.<a :&o^^^l*A.g£l... ~- "-JK-' - -^w^-ia^*-*— .« _V„J..*_~. j...>—• ...VJ.1. V.V.JI.O « S,vy;..\-S..>.

ha \SxifiuO...A\^S „ own 1 CooxAt. .j*vyoS> v" ,x.. ,A.S.a dua%xy\€~y\^ _„.a.y\ _ oxA^~c^ ulV~Vs A\>.^ „„£avvej . .Q5A.^avx* .^1.£, _.3i5)^e^ ;V^jL AnAov\ vvvefeiy S;V<2u4eS. rK£ Xa^Qvx^A A^e Ca.u.x.A:„S.„ t>(- CovASe, +w5 ^& a4+ame/ voerK'wS -ftj-r 4-Vv-e ^&V So Ke Show* Xftou) AVK, v*A»te. Mil a3e.n-\-s.

tovj-C ?QB0n.€fc.. VoaS. XblA VVjJL Vs Cisj'A rV^VX^ Sv-btot.v\«i\ WA 2\ C3vSe% iJNfvcle r Ti xV.^- IX U-S.C. \..2d2._jns?KBAj.Yxa CVi \ 3i$te kfcaurYj^SV. Yms?ke* X " FBI.- fdWL S^ToVes Mvj vd, £bi. 3ov -....» Civ;) Risk-} s ilxle Y8, U.S.C.,..SeciiD^ 2^)2- LjevprivaVvovA o -fXWVd^. Under Color Q$ L^w> L_ FRri :&fasvfc.

Oy,^ dWt-V Uou. VSyva>o -Vvvs, \ __ "Tine. \VU.S.C.,.Secx\on ex Coioi o.?. L&vO iv XVvv-b S^aivAe.. m^eS W- ^ L -fteie.va.\~X Crime "xr> r . va-yvA. yferjaoo .^.g^Iy^ urxder. . dolor. oX .X..ft.isj_O..La*jA sda-kdes, OicJlvnB.oce/ reau.Va^oci<. or Custom do ViVLLfOLty de?ris)<2- X

.jQx_c5LUSe^_jiD be deprWecl UlScA _2r£^heAbr 5ee "SDW» ^&x>k -is Suck B. jPeresoj* a^ KgA- se |l^L\^d^_^^rlML^^s^_.„^I^: JUtnmuioUd£S t——• •—> •— ~~yt Secured "~~ "» v • ~ «^£| Of =-J pT7v4nPr>A"g\r>/ \ I—\^_l >, \^, I

J_L

3^g\ VYN e Y\ \ x>a^S La^i£a—Z5L£fi^\ n °\ ?tdc<fss Ac)e^ lbei& Xe 3l_ 9pexSc^ O^vn Vv. l\ QjJc—:fe§- deaArV or11 \to^uSotLgcU w Lp. Cxlgyy^^N Proceed fVy _Blo&€

A *\

dx ia\ _Cp uj+l\ ?u.L) SVad \Y\ Vier li^ KB.??. £. ...... eaA.ereAv,..CooeM.s.uFiilD* . ou§-V .TV>.e, ^ridec\S. reXxe^ \rri\AV ^xjdo.^ \V\\-exj "to »X> \eu Ks Ia.d3>men £ beSjfiLVsed at d^.& GattdLu£5tV\ J<5d our LasX ^r^Vved' §>. idr5^ on xdd6a.V S .dSZwvS,.

1332/ Pt.IX , 3 ^ rQt\^svA.2h_rfeo,e C\e^\tsaA . VVQri^rxtd£r\ j0. oVA XVex^-Sx.)^ x: jejQicejc 0*. re cord -4 *3 a.^. dCs<L\.dil aco^vjrwAgs " lC-V} b£.A .jb£3o&esl Jc^v>s •Wv ^ xito ^^e&d UkV2> urd_ ^iis 2uS xlc, X'S^bdec^d topv^d-dejc_ -Xurddicd-vOjaJriadr-..

IkejQt^^S^es£_XA__XAaa- n li^QXX&.Ke~*..•&,.. cvn^ X'b.€,.

U2£ CA^Ab. =ba ue:AA-e/- M

IAixV^A—OxuxAA-S> ^ ujcl^y^ja_*ax^: j MftA*, ! ^^a^s K rcQiO& n 73 x -Ov- Xkr B - r^ „4kLr^ c_tj A^AjQjo^ H uv^ <?£3 Vt^S ^e^-^ h AyW\ rerord^1 1/ xVx__A^^___\Q^\sAoA-e^ . Xe^r« CaA^3 • * ^._ ^—»—> \ Y \ v^.—I *^ * " ' r x. v ^ ^-*\ 3 ^*- • -

A& u

Uierej K^d ^ rdo^m &A Vef e .

1T"Vp. T>xr. <<ds\/ d ^add ox^pr.S I d-V\e X.od-f> ! 9reslXm^ as A^e. n \~ • -•• -—»—* • \—*•«— -—• 1—'N^SP * *•*-—:**-t— i .1

Ads_e dv\.>\ AjJ. it

o r . cojus-^ *d o- •)

fi_ eisel!.^ Vv^'-ox clLre£_Xv£>A . . .-._ ___ ._.•~j?u-d-vdto..e.o-sts dv-v .' A ddr^e ^d^^^dv ^.rDnouwced" .XyX. .3.H..^-...A...-d.v^.€L-.-' ^H -S - M rio ridden NfA-iey^ &av0ij.v^u. b.eV>iJ: XX.& ..t)^&d-x.dC.A....CL..kr)S.^. CO-^.e, Xk.t Courdriio^^o, ...VSu'S> - &- .M^jJ^. c \«rdd .-do .£, de.

Xvjd3Hxe/*vdS cWve^ u e^-ve-y: d. dV£**=i Vxr^i _ XVvfi. V>~>j.v\aJ. ]M---^\ \\ dexter xVe ddAe AtWX... CSra j> Xdapjc eie _.ddve.CdexdriS....Cffice- v.S YaC^dieeL Safvi cler3^ Wv^igrX record ^tVsjC .

Lc<\ ^d A.eX6u. &£ Ad\.-e, J.\d")3 ddL - J>vj_c\Xvy\£.^;\. ... "obxc!

I'e^-^d^^" "\ w dKe v^\«\j.des ^xa^dl^d . .uWX .V^X- XoX^Vne^d &r AX.e C^sjr-V 12.

I VgdrrX r. V., TfefeT. Cade Crtw .

KProc,. a^4- Si. oXa,,,nrderS , -o c <a -Vv.e verMfcA- ftkall [he L 3 ^ M^ Aw-v- AAc_v^A5Vl± r>

Ixia OAr^--VedfVvevA ^ PrW-A-S QY Cfl^rA- CP ^>orA~€,HS JUDZV^ j^rt^^^ggfe JjU^-iike iuife find IV L our LasA- SrogkeA fat^A- -fVien 1A -VVe jl-eferK^A-V- Qu\WH 0^ ^ra^TM flgg A"B W^ c\\\q3 ^ V^ mA-e^A- ~Vd CqwnwnW AV e£A- ^S r Via.yfte.A ZjlKI_^^ >Q^£Lvvx_7 1-5

... Xb&da 6 d-de V-evdK.X, CbA d dV\ e.K >coNnvA^~es '' m e r e) b Sd^d^ dXarir x-d^jt. " fV4 V.35 &JA, Xde kiiH redu.feed. v.vyV© o^ev-v Coordlg\d^ Ad^v.r Xc.xdA.cd QX cX.vjA\dNl. Tb-e. doXl. dv?A.S>. dA5.cK^.r.^4u 1SdM 4 be^Xfv. Vo\)d.do\Vn. .te^.C wU X3&\o /, _^5to Xx3xa ^Xudox^ L^s> ..6>d-axe %S05) ^ss—ri y 0 >r> CB.vn ...k^s_ jCayNMlCdtv? c\ <}X. .3 &V0OS\ £flBSC£j0b=_r CiO L> pon. XV\ e CUv. Sx.dLc.Ar. j9X ^.. osji^..diii^.. t.c.23Q d.ulv( rendeced ., lde.ce, Xks,M-exdlcd U?«d2y Jdad... cLg_Vri .o «.re.co.cd«AXl. dke.^di>-.v^2- Du£ ...LASd P.a>0v.ed ^^S vxod \l ro^V.Axd.eii.v^^Jfeio^i.-.- .All ^X)n.e.s.^-^t^ nas__SAi.aA y.i? _ -C*K^._.Crlwv.^ce.Jci \\ irDVldv.KUL. ...SXil. _±uij*tVv &vr. n H

j ^uSk2^a^Mf^^/ I here ^tevf. // \e elm

// 2*ZjO.% 3% OS,/ K&.r, c,/f 'Jfa -/J?€ .Cdu/J ff/h/Jes d?rg Jh^y Sfre ^a_t,E_± c/j^dc tL/esJL ?.-£&&j£L^g££L -^X- &&. d^dJ/..XX^64:d.^.^ 74*- <&isxf£. .Cade .„..S^a„Sl3ah \££ClC!^.JEJ&/8l&S-.j£. "^yuw fA<?. GrSfryl/ C/esJt ~&/<uJ_t .7fA<cf c/es.<t --..rr. a^y /Zdd. Xd?^.d e. d^ 'tWjfy* .Aat "IAa//lCD /x \l£c£t££Lj±fae ag^xZi^x^ \~3>ns/ X?X/2? <?7 -fir^tm/ . j'ar/3**<*#". \J5hn</... /tofe&J/rM^ X g. .<? +rJJ/. T l/7r hearts?j, <*W. X df^ d^-e I d^yrX t/nf/rs +h& /X/>^V/d//7 e js/s/9-p " /%& u/h&vo Xd g J(,f£f/r?er7>7ZS' d> S^A^d_ &££*>, ^gg^aaCCJk^. l&*L-C&/e_C£^U&L(2£*L J2 S)y CA->C/">* ASM 73^ itt£a&2e/Lt rt-*^?^*/ v^/A/^7 ^-^>sdL 4^m^^IJ±L ^JM^Ml^tr <& ^/Zf/fJS / -P,/i?£r>#s/(_ £#XLf</^&f SAl2f_ ^r £&$- f /,/ck lifCL /ImJL surf- <ujc?;s+ -/-/>»?e. briniLnl ourfi /yyia-/Je<$ ^W dt& ihrM/ C0uir<f-f xAz) /^/e c^7 vXT?

ASlV(f3 lH ^S^yp^/^/y 111 -/-/?/5 l!m^/dk7 //,-- , r* -Ay /? /jtCMS/sJfrcrfrTM X~~^ _. /_XXr £H Xx„ fifas " ^nJ ^7?/ c^7 y ^57^/<g Cb/w/v/ismyt '6

.42? ijmiat #eJcc^x^S I^Sj^x. ^£& (2?i ^ /j. xfe/; /^).. zwj^m^zt.. ^^s^^r^/ode^c^.. /xz // ;^

tfviaz x^ ^ 4^ /& CTuZ)^£x,rr </&&£.„ I^ldt/^d. keire <&£__J//^ -^Aese zfrg/feh^yfcJes.. j^rzss/y. flZe jc^^....^^2zf>_^.. ...rcnde.^.. ../v.cdk/£ . ,/^^x^d^ i?/^ ^ff-^& i£L a^^^lM^/, ma^jb>c$; C&yiaq£... aMtefSzd. catdfj. Ol xfcx/ ...C^/xxi fSridSirs... &yiJ^<ea^-i&££

j.XX J&nor/t ~ahp Xdr XW- ^^/V IX Z/&2 ^X /d/fe/hJA -Mp 7LSL A?-/t£?K/^ ^k X7f<£ ex tdxV &rt /As dcaiA /^^A/^TTt^ Ahey~ rt^A/teA? Slo Jc/df/M&nA (A&?

CtX m -/^e. ArAA Qzcddi 3oq J? j2^y?-/^/C fZfrird r PS Aiie /v?Wfsfe$ AA:A(2~p//<?A/ ttMJt \/?ck/<2 Jgj^z&J Mm^Pi /(?Sh^ .a* ^6^^- im. \If!Awed XXd S/ie U/OS FO record"eg? !X^X xd ;Xfe l33^ijQ&tnL£± 'ZJ% \fUj- AhdlxJ 6//l£rf ciMM&SS_lL 4/irVC- ^\ohty "jO<c/?/?7^>7a 1/5 -/tz/<€. <# -Me cvkrtss /, \m X?XXXydg "AuRyefaiSe." fa J \/7j d^g ckrX'5 dfcxe. dR Xfe rg ajAeJ? £i.X, {fArsrneJAfJSA e xxd

<£~AS i?.td,^c/ c tc

/>%? -^rt-Ay AAA /wddk? Air. %nBA^-J.u(^M^r2d: /?3^ Aj2^yi Ah^i^^f.."Xziz A£is,.Cas^, .jhz-d zMi.rJjL€ zAj2^ r&ssht}/ 7§.e ?e. Archa5cn/J~ C^?AdinS. . y/m <As tbai^.Put^orAS At>. he. cl Ji/(^^^^.^^dA£. LAn< V£±^/Mjk^: ^AA^AmA U/czS AiZr^di Schajd. C^yf<d&d^c l3L-ou£d* tra& ka.

AzAdA C£urJt-..„&rd<3£&dL >J(jc \s. /LA 3/^d/Oi Id?..AAe Ardmarh ^ . i j.udAm^d LhdujeA^^^joioGS daA^S/AdkA^. 7ZL.//AUE. SmlL „ _ AEA/T^eAA^ M. Atf£ M/AJU7B5 A)P 77A.^ COO/ZTA

"AAA AssBA&mn±d AAereA^jey AAtad <jUc njd'Am^^ ?rcZ d. z§ie .:£... ^ iM.AAJS ™™ £dz?der^d c , MvV^ a "fiocv< '#.xZ .CrrmmaAJ^e^ /zt^w Adz &or£'. 72>£ case -,.^„.£. AAASAe,.,,.,c ,„. . C7A /?.. 3^ 145. S.^Zcf )OAr Ast^Uias.. di£d^^,Ae^^X^^...jS^ -/m^sd^ h^M6d„m x^/3 oAAe,.c_^ B^aArdJ/i <3 .^^3k^^^a^..jCtZO^ dA.d,„ M&Jz C^^dAtd^ _H..^ £hd?A<m^d„,„ 4x1reca^d., . ~,., ...Lmdk AA..&.J. ^.A^dAo^jds.. /227d2AAdk, rJ#&. cS.dA3^^td^ AAi^ rttj$kt., u€dfi^j^^ . . ..LAfMdtduAdf- A YdU „S^s J...Bn,u. ~£ JBj&hkA-. .AS.. /7dd.. cds^yj^dd, u/jbSM 3//2r^ed Ad..die IQ fefiL- &t>A has -fauM dor L&sd mfh SuCd -/Mi Me deed did1 Jd& So&s/ia^c/ SSobuJ- His //n&uledde si LAla/. XaXav 2desdB4 MfWl Shbui bJliefkf He 3 d -hue* dY Xe hkdd XcX~<3W cm HeX e. I&lj is. nd x hMfar-e#tN''fiafdinJ, u IS resfedi -h a juMmi is -frht' LIU u is xAfeXdXX dv "-PUcmtfel" Sdd Te*. Mh/ici Sen."flfd.gn /JgrJc-c&zs "n cddili cled'< i.id4U>u -• j, - /xw^ ro ^ Ae AAA/ATTA* lit ft ^^ +,me ^hai Ahe red >^d ** //2flW ^*>«?MM Idbd %Ue&IM&A di ouri;." .

3/uuSd A^^tjftd *sx fmtdh dddT^^^^-^-*^ +i di *Xd^dX''WWA£^*^ i m Wi insduAA €shllJ Ma,d the Ad/p -x i , i mtrume„+ ,n swe hiw i , fad-fine A' WvCK-" *' d AAZdm UfM red,„Q dlX; IaJml it "rendered?" sinrz U Mil iddS dtrf- "eyi-fered" tf recdrd id ilie miMfes, ike l&tl ttSuH- id aXid +U ddv>,e„ A&Jeu-ev, dfM±J XXf 3 fi'tc-mr/L eAj/J^cm ttljf)f, ftae. id rid ddj'J&wce Xd/ lit Jdmt uas -P.leJrkJf dti/V tecew/el Teoc Code Crim./mc. aX.XSI&ucd. e- XdX d!)dtdi,-Mi^ii mfc Ht -drr&±—=ter MaL®€. W 3eifs/ AdiLs d-0 tAKe \*\* dceouvXXS. dwd Cede CWler AmfoSeS -a. duX ev\ dV\<L ClerK -Hi reecX due. dX'ici&l "Sc^ df tfliwJ - - ride. reXd'iDvA dv jiua'Smeridz, Xlnus X de ^odStv\e>\d X uv3e.r] deXtred" Cbv XderiX ncA dvxtt \s Xere rvoX'Ae-m^X 9Wm^ dV\A^/ ddd AY\\d \sde-e T\t> £\w\?\e u\^At>fi^YY\ev\ V" vv0Ae.A dr\evegv\ riYe_ ^evsov, vXvc>w\ Xd-eX \\ r tuA "AXO \£> VY\£x£ (\o recotA X 'ids wYe.A&vY\OY\ fiddVev \v\ rive_ wwwtes, yyox @\ AodRed ^2

jLxJzia_jlOL^^ LotiVe Br\A uWaa ^AcLk SfedeAxX AoU.

IVpA At> Lv\r-K UP Mnur Q&mQcX JLAIjAjliAa^ li^_A^LLaie A\^t_AJo?sV v&u^__Sah.

AS___xWe..^^ AdoU tSc& IAz, jXUl AeeA A-ft bi^kL PlS\Ao£_l^^ ^AA__^f2A^xdLeiice_Ja_l - IlK^nJt^^ SA^L^i OJeXJOA M. jftW. \AC1 _}d[ded\V\ Vvxe CouxV ^eX£^S^_i^^;\\M_„LXO L\iX£i?l Ar>r rdwA T<^i\g> CauvA- Ax^ detent via jikS-Yvse^YN^Js (if ll£jAeA, XTS ^)Sed I'm A-Vxe. feWJOs Uuo r^cA^arH frv\A- zmx rgjp. Cnw^ ?rocw cU- le W> T^rA. 7x21 c^cX ^e^nx ^ -£Me-wAc\r\x r^r £_j le -•STcVrwg 'zza)

ha+...'.! LX.Xe cieX Sdari \ Ie.CQ.rd. .dUe. ^.cdS L.O.fXridXL. . xA au<ASy^er,v_^u\.^_. Arke .CAedAx X^nx!

Ahe Officii .AcAc. 0-i2 WA.x3 lxece\\(aA .llacA . ^cce^VeA d\<^ | \)exd\cA Q.A AA\^. '^t-a..."U ^\e\ i^^e...?VD.ce^v^.e> cr^. X^xe_ CouxAr. X.p.ISo.c..a^\l] BdACr.

AA\X Audij^^ _.AXjM_ COs\\~d JS. J^yiau^caA Q^AsTrnxMced. sW\\ ArVe. akxX. 3 CZd^nAfLs:.. ^\\ „1,MCA.|-X^e^^-S Cc£ „AXe. .CJ2LuxAr. j\xx _._.-AdV\e _..^xteeA:AD^^M _.Ack£« ^udSe L....HA K^c jSdlm.I Code_ _ I xA 3.„aiXib3 CD xCzA.^ _.„_ \\A0 YdiA£i5XHS.

DXimX Co.urA5t...-.lxe.tdAed:.! .~^dA uSlSk^ ld)r\3Y^..ey>XS.- ^.wA xitdexS / \duJt:_ ArAxeM dUx x^A_.. lc»A:ex? .AXv...em . .

1A jf^ is. xuA 3)m.-eyi+ ox. _ ex As ^t c\.ex.c^\ ^ncdm . II

C.leSr^ Ad. GC o,o.eAArA.. d. sjVjdi §-\v>eA-V As .^T^meA \>A . A^V,^ *z 'buy

<r C \e r K Anr\ 1S C\ _dXXvASXX> ^j i^CdXXvAxxx__d^^ ArX_e^ •s^ddjAucAM- AcA .Ox x^ddAdsx, lix^vm\.X\ A-x^x Vs^fe ^A LViAA^ off Ave C^vdA^J^^ jrtAe Oi \^w> UVvCvX 9i\ie£ si pudife^X^i^^ d? A\\ e. pXWc AWl_^ \^^ss^^r^^^^ yv?>-\- W\y)S \\a VVa(^ X.LXuLX\zag^vX -ArVe\r- P/>.u pVi.tmgfJW La-friAr ?xnp\\ef r^CaxdjdL VVe Cnn\LgSaAdOvx^ .He_Jb^^_jLoAH> V^g- cid^i CAd^S 4 AXe SXLSAr^XOAAi_d^^ oJ CiMh- ^SAxXcA fmre^S a Warcx G^Xr^- re^^: Ss.^ ^UWgjj &A1 ^ jxd^ d^SSui^S \A^aa Ay~\ ^p- -?'^ -Wv^r-^•--"^Ad^g- r^AxAVAcX^A gl]Anl LA Wre a^ic^ -W> PinluX, vtnne ^ 4V\ew\ AXl X\d^. CX;\\ fflovAW/^ ?VyvoI \h •VU g C tA wV\ y^ts [ Co uxAWui^ s^dL Xcy

^jx^L^lxx. Av> x^£ cAxx^>S £<-)

\<&f \Vd ^SdAx d\<& Cd\. Cc?.uy.A- ddk... xVx... ArX£_ CrWvy^ CovxXS "X^vA \v> .^Xdx d^^a£^fdd UeAi. Aaa (yjer A\\z .^Wovs.e-. |"A^o.db^p _ ;a\j H^k xa^v .eAr .xe^e . dgs> §ASdXee\ A.S.^HM£iq_-f bcActu^ ujv\Av\. - ... - AYeNx. ..ow^ x>AHrAS^ dvx - £&_.... ^ - p- -_. — r - —- lis .reaA^r^J..._^jd^ AxxAjXrAAlflA .Bjtu3uiSuadl _b.i.x\Axe... xVXiai^Couxd)5.J„ diAa.e. Ckxl<;._ a^zdM..^ CnuiAt AexA^A A°he dijdSxne^Ax o?oy>_XV.X_ xX^X^XX _Y\a e. __ca^ a Sa _£a?li)A.t... xi...

AM X^£JxlA^ _ _ £*3£v*v AHe cAeptiX/ ClXrKl ^^A dVd AXcl SBAdcA G, IxxAXS ..CX\m\vr5dX I^rvv^N CaUA ,OstdueS> dbo_ xxclA IXituh-X L^VqAl .A%\lviaA^x> I.. _._. xXgc. biat Ah&d ^H ^Qui^I xexxtex Ax\\,e_ 1>u6<Sv>x<^ \ecx5^- safli .<Ufr&\.- Q±z*XS> .

A-WrV. ^e^ .AedAag; kmd^fa^*. ^5

ii h Itasse ..exfe^ie.S..A^,CuS$dk s£c^..X3exe Ae£\XsA...-5Lns>m Axx. ..CmxAVS> 0.0. Xav^ ksstXoX A-WxX_ evxovdS. \\jSekj.. Uxexe.. .Te^e^XeJt \.y\.. AXe\x Axid^xyde^X^. W+: -in .^oA ,-X-/„ beeoo^se. WYicfeA: ^rc^XsteG^v^xdS ^IxjAS.QSv O.A\K^^.Ad^r\ dd®s<^ olxeXxAx dVke clA.e<L.. C&QQJS./! \M V^e. Xe^x^^ ..

4vdriAdXc^x xA A1^ x/:e^A-. .ofiScAf^dSXA ^^Vv^e,.. C^oxAzls ...^I^SxAAbn e Lc1cOa,x..S... .eSS^AaX^A XaXO SVe- -9?AX:vDAa AA.1X Ux\\ 3.5 L±0.3 rid~V\£_ ^u^^Yvd^YvArr/^SjO ..Arke o.$liv±&r\ sAsa^vA ^ccux&Axx^ ..Sisfe...... AxX<^ .vjjdS^en V. d^Ami AkJd?!^.. A.

ABu^isAz sSkjvJ/s 13 3. SddAdZ . r«

2.3 . A.Te^.Mt.— F^lAU WoxA.^.

uXaDri.^ .?g.4 iajASeiX £dd. dS& 6&CG& \L tddrdded f 'lj% 2.Vji. 2<3 2.1.1.,.2:2 ( CX€K......1.3.5.Iri C...f,er„. £ut\.&yn- J. LX.e. ridXXaVS.. <XO.._ Xo.d X.keyedxn^ejcd. .r\x£>.... |Cd\d\c\Xe 9>ArX^cXr^e. Ca.sXX c,C

i^X_XXdx5AXiei^ - jrxnv .goA QiA- kexe ^Aace AXe^ Ixqc^x cXv^^ c rivae Axe.

AXuy^ Ayy-vA Alices M' U3^A J Kai g xe S^AecXeA m ereVj| NcAx^ jfh^SAx^A^^ lAVyufipAepvd ^-e?ovA^jr ^Ylx.W^d? luk £/>ZX M-VVXs ^vAide Ui^S f^foceJ x jAkeA ve&AX>^ -We opIXcw^ Axx lXe.vfes° order* >5 Hjg We Severn \ XTtA dw^ eR cr£ AAxre: dZydhufesfexz. cfo/Aer ^^dnwfyeJl Adr AxXS 3lxAXcAX. ^V.re. "7W X o\jfsA- il^l W^vV| Qjgj_ol2SkiS xb uVsCV\ Axe. ><?f^)\7^- r/i.irA Ljeve^ X rp£prr<n Ad vA A^^V c&u^VS xx^-Vd v^ 3 jS^/tA^y^^T 7\ o( jAfon> e^ x or Q'vrS-ex-, S^r^-P , JqcaA ro-V AAA diS£ o«?\y\s1?v\<z- Slxe 2\S r^\V^ £ . 71w lxxleLA_X3idlLiXx^r ^g£e^JL Iy^ Vr,^\ CouyAV. ^vxA\nA^ f^AVetx Xf] u AXe^. A^YXe&A \Acs. dudcAmenA "IX... AX5 Cc\S^.6k|^^ AdXY oaoXAs AijAXtoeB^..-..WA e\^Vea^\Xi5 dkx -Q\nAx\Jn ^.. ^ 2UmJS2. p^^sXbvd YjYd uVxCU mAud.fbd..vX>aX x X b>°^7 M ,CCord\^.^. LmViKe ArX<^ SdACH AXbasIcX ri^nrAcXle.S ^yaA Xuie.5 Cj?.Y\hx$SX)Y\ .3 ^S.?€.\Vsfe ..Aud.S.XYd.^^.A5 C aAWvL^a yM &\A J .. ecAX X^Xe^.X^AlA - -. aA- .UdB^W Qn ~3Xi.^xcA..a\ Qjodu£Li-.„. Ad> UxdX\lSA:^dxc\l...\^ AJuS^dXe, xXlal-ex( .Co^xd Sj3m X^ r&p order lN..CK-nO-\^.LED(r.].^<LX &X.£ u.YU.£.i5Amt£ :kx^...k^sxx- iZ}^^A..„.iBfe;a C^^^XbaXx^ ..dWd A\..£ -CeuTd-.- A our.... lT.t4., m£crJLsiB<. .XlAS Vj. <3.LcL xfer £ aAl vie f£ VVxS C^uxA. _ :\xxx- xc.csA;er ds (Txu3 Sx> e^x kddMe \AdCh) dAriioudS OS.., ddx> .Xdcdde OuX. 'Z-tf

^irdlxr our ^V.nd^ PQ^jer kesX g^\XA^^_dlXcxyAXx_^Vei/d X, oa f1uy XdisjooXsarxdA u A<?\?-e\\x^Av3 wr¥Yevv -Bdx^LciXeA. wirA\8\/d A-o xec&\\ Vw -vXS^oiJ^AeJ ciUdX_._xix^AAcxXe ov^\d ocruX \A^ Lop Wnc XXtA- ^cve^-wd 0r XX^l£xe4 QXX Avjd^mevvV, [A\ck d^^ Y^oV orcuYfpA, l\

muo C^vx_ (xv\e vXVYXec- ^Yx^Xfd dxxXcXC X\-V^d Or vm or\\?\ eA X^CiX>d_l -^^£x£AxV>ri^^ xAe^o^ ^g. (°au-tA \ Wx uiXA^^x^^Lv_) ^.w^ ^ Y-^^xxqiA^uX^ J^^^A_L-AdcaA- ewX^> !A C^eieS \>n^vxidr^A-e /, &v^>S[ &xkA opaXqva. o PavaAqva A~r> X-t^ JAdiejeeUc^-V VJ^S_?^r WidX_2^ mvx_^dr^r- d^ , 2*o °lr SAaA Ix\^AAg4__^^ >y AXXS Cgx/xV xSAXxe XEkAdA nXxXv-Q_y-Y (Id nq S^XA^SX "2 C I SudrAmf^x cxC Cc5VY\i\cx\av\ dr 2<7

Xn \°nsr AWe ,^od^.\^. ddoeA \o....A^d\yexX/..xeA\reJL C\xAx§ ^AASAXce. ad dAx^ So.vxevvvQ^ O^oyV, 0 $d ,A?xa.S,.. ^^ApAvore^. "dYd.-.. 'SxxAy c\e cXVox..X dd^as ^Aa^rxV^d^-.. .cpddA. A dud^YvveAXSx, ACo^tA\jX).a AJXvA gX\j ev x7 At/reTS-t^ C-M/r-T A ..

AdddJ/ne^dd}. Qd.dAlk^S^ ,vOSl/JecCU ^5—idAAnxd -fsr* Ap. udjMszfd^ {( u : lexdiddi, .9 is.X J3nsJX ..£W£ -XuSAXce CdAVeid... fcoxxdAe.. dke- ^rAxcA^. bacauSe, A\e= QhSexge^ ±kiA.SSYn Ql 3^.£el^^ B;yxA o.Ud 9xvi a*\A. d^ jXQAx XX evA 6V\v\f 1(Bix A— JUiAA-kv Ak.£< :^\\ri^\aA^.m^^ C^y\.cefA:.3 .hH AjVaCX xk-eA Sdj^iA Wshe^ kee^ Sox/.exyN_a^_, JLxWd^l^_7_;taAaA A^\xX AuAJvveviAs k^AJ^ SArXH^d rr7rv-y-> dWfe QmCcfVs >c\^d AAvuS dVe \&IS\C yr'xc^lx.5 'qWA fuWS \W\eA\ r^\]\e^jA

JZh^YVcdr lA^SdoAje, jAlSkd KyycuO "XXXO AV^V kiAvdAiX^^lWVe Cdvj rX !Cov^ w^n\A vSd^Xes Ldk^A-AxkS X \ A V - -x; \^ \ iXcJL^^e.^A= dS AA dd^-QvA \d \d -0^vXcin-yL-dVaA,%V '\A MS YXqV \e^u\\-fo\ d~o ck\. gr^ -h !c>vA .giQv^pXxwN^sr W'Wsa reXAes \ k^ ^v/cdv^^-V- AXd A^<x opewXvri |^.fa^f»5>\\ or /ScdGr-^WA <r^ xkS y>y\Vdv^>u i kAul u ~4^er xS -See n XXX_AtX-£= Qjft X d^ W<f * CTV^ h\s>?pxA« Xca^A xAAAAfped^^ c^o^Arx JXxkxjdi rlecxle Xi^A Ar5?aSe e^_g-jQA\veL. Cd^e^d d4lA^ ye \\ ^je rxxddrl 3)

v.er dAnr a^§yY\ej3dr...^y\ sB^.?eA\^feu .CourA:. readers XAXe._. sdaAed AYj.JvXva o?Am.Oa* yliCd-..T ddxe C^urX muSd WvxA doduvx.. -

' urxe L ls><^s"3 Sxxoc CaatX ...ri^rx A.-. .CcurAS oil.J3^.e&k —- ..Sko^dd _Xe.c\c\.er.. Ad)A&Wx enAS dA c\A XAre .y.nc\\X^\M)XX. I ^ d dccurad\.<§-.° TkAS regoAeS dk^A AYxed ohSxxxxLe Xxkss.A dksx kdSx\ 2m<?XeA i S saAiVid 3.o drk^A xdkeX v»^4 evn^YQAA.Ti C^yiAda\Vyyfi". ^Id.acA\dxX^. AS^yvA XL. kke.- Ade dU<^>^] JDSe -Cox^oA ±er.v^Y^oAo5d.. Odkd' 9recA Xav^a A^iL y\ec4ssat^ x .e^-Cdvx CIAS^!5 . rptdxAAeS;.iXVxo §dvowY(\ jcs^A- Wsie Atx.L like.

Axe.. Achd.dm^^A ka,x ri^rorix jxx\0sf..e ...A^-Sk^v...SM.^Ae^A..£.\?A AAe^rxAA dA.dAAdSaA^. .xxx^rkkex OM.Sr dVe cJAS^q£lA3^ £J dW.e CdOe Ajn,\^nAed kd - xdxfir. cxA 9.9ed"^d€_ .Ou^r^r, Axc\ x£ax. ...

Ld

jxtdxe VrX^A Crndd idyxvx WjxA- JObSerd^e 2k^d e^ftxre Av e> ^Y.e\\^A^- CauvA XroDG^yY\F,(K\X tAd JLXdxA lAs c rdfixXcjYA9 L)t VvjrkV\e^Yi>vov-^r xL^CLimAix- WdQ^XX AockW^X ^v\A A^dAzM^ai.^^ 'Te^d .(XAlM- AdxgxxVV^Ae^ XoutA lo^jjQL\j^\^dA^Y\ A rxQ A "^-9 -e.\Vbdgr rix£inxLxA= kudSmexx^ l^xxLi&e AriAosAc-^: \4it).U-Axs xdjAAA ,JJXlSosvxAjxi^ ^ CcVp-fi 1 cAya a AiAkAXiX^Ae rriUsc d fA acAv^ dCdA- kVa p d &ki ^v>^aT\ x j\/p 4d5xxA dk^L ^ dug cdPfeA^Xe [c^urAxs rkspQ^VNQvi % ~^p

{0?W\Oy\ * LAI x^dVdpXnj xki) l3oVP*vV>nQ Pr\v\c\o\&tS, 1 Xo^A G*jx±ja-J2L3SKi^ iiru^ax^vrX^v^ Coot-VS \voAXoX\vi^ ddeX" . SUCXAtax^ vrv,..>

-HeTe^d.n order, xkx>.

Qxcase- jsuSVs.csl. Adx^\ed.!S Sdr^de 'IxaAk £>xx f 0.\a .e L£o^ld h^Xe -xV^ AcAS.SuvvA-e. cVvv^X dxx_ CVvrv^ Xo k><dxe\i^ AAaa^A e_ cdoe3 yxqV V\v\oso. dV^xV u f?()e\\^A CouAS tewAex Aod3w\errY^ wVeaexr-er AVveA.. decide c&Ses ox-x c\\>9e^k -A ke reasd-AnXi, xBo.x- A)Wke\/^r. ^Xd^^A^vxXr d5^vo A^^reXX^XA^.

Gourd xeadexS AAxe. Sxk&deeL......

AYx %.va O.^AX>c5vx./.. (ajAxCsa AAw£X c^utA Ydi^sA.. V-^^vl <tau/n * " KA a \A dikfe U3kkxig; k.AT3k ^2-Oi_£?XxA„ \xxAxx>„.._ .dxxdd beeya. ArHdXA.. xkd5 JC-. Vrixd _ &dL£&L. xd\XL\A_ x.a^vL..i^A^ rejaxo^M ^^^^^.x^g^n ISUjQckSL LdAbdd ^&&- *^- 2^&Wa\M \>eey\ Xe-dxAa^ xdxQ WxU8xA - d^AYiYX '.Our 3x/

BritxeVx£ix^ id\X^xxxxAcYvx (Xt d\e A^xd ATEx. Ak ft??. X flQLL lACok.fdX^ jAq V^r Or<Aer ro^ |^x£ ^erceldxe AVv?vV XoSdX£> i^£xled^AxS-xaixV ^iA33Lse__J^L^i: _S«8Sil£A3¥pf^ Xead£xxX_XYixiAiyv\ e^ \^ io\x eg P\ier xLexecxkd _ IIxZZxSlxlx^ sx^a reiWx «£At~ ^A'&y^ iHi^_£UAaX^- Xlxixx: ^dXAxe^r^ Vde SxkwxAAPot iAdle :c^- \\t\\ -A-p Av^-CsdiAxAx dis LXxc^xxXs3xkd__xx^^ JLddr^drxs Tender AuAgfaprfV £&t duSAke^ ^A^lxH. kg vxg)d AVxcx QVd\H AUgv ^-UxAt ^-A^F^Ar^Yr,\\\X1 Wl j\-> ^ eok ^dx_ygxX- ^U£LAa owcxu dL xa^>x\ ^x\x^ UVxaX Slx^dA3 C^\AmATX>U]Aa OxxdI_xud.ir A3lA C anA ujcd \X Vxex_£ArX[ Prxxa e^d^ci ^k ^A ss

eAxXV IAXuSdAxe3^.^ SAcIa .. Yxv^AX^va&^..xk^ S a. r-ecXcdA\ -t^^vyvA^Ap-e- -^A^r kk. .CoxxxkAAdSL._.. i-fe-\v\^.ie&dAA2i^^.v^. .A^r Avx__ ^ e n t C^yA^tMdX\.Ar--....

U orvXce. iAr£ ^ DxXnXeX rUtoLld ai^^XAav311 .x£n5Aa . . xS AclWd Ak)s..d^<t ieAr ^SoAd . 3xXLX5dlklJMC. kM.WlUEM W Vw£r....xmA. xieXerx-exi QdVex _;xu.dSxS. BlvaA ..Ill^dUexs ^x^y^[ riS^eV, . xLCanAiAd- - -Ca5.AAn^_ £ixki.i .c dISC rediiArx. XxA. .^xx5d.X>Xx dhd^_ dudAe , Wx o\x dke reSdt dke xudk:\AtX\- AxAA JtV-e,..

Q S^r^de.^cr£ X&caS^ ^s^ec\dAll^ UWew ..dk.£._ .C^^^AyAX £e3uJdS 1A '. \c3_a \. AXOU ri.es._ .„..uf_tsy>. _ dLfijk^Sb^.d^ : riA - CdmXXl _£AaeS -dX^X kd^xiAX....

Aoi_9.9_e^-eA 5.r5vy\ drAAX cQuxd xudSvav^vxXX .,3r^x2 ddie dlS.Ax.Lck lAd\Jl (AadM-Ad ^ dAqvxieXS ^Mk^f Adx) . b^ dk^ Sk^d^x #£ T^x^S / cXr^i) \3£xA ..AVxa d.dene^) Aff.

It*

XXe„..AVXrie . wx €rg\M fepr-es-ewdvi<\ Xa^_3^X^. 1 X CrAv>Xa^\ AcAX^vv^ CAvvw.qk \*£- ^Aj^_xxud Ax> kAdicrixa^xyx^ -^-vxd kx^XIjxdWAd^ 0^ Axj£ .dVfiV at xt^^axA awIa ^Ui^Ad^^ M^Xc^S XL kov>^\d Uu^x£ iLLdd^l^d Alar \.asd ^roykeV HxxdAxex Ax^xxS -— VvXdOV e/V JAeSuXv Sd^d£4_+ o JSlfx( K^lAtjjihx^ I^lAle^^^^ X AxdA !5-dM£jv^Brt^ / dV\*d d^5 iAA/MH aAoaxsA \\^ed uAH jke xxXxeAi Sdxd -e\/ex( CAdk( OxX_W)S^ko\A cdvid^ Adf^ksd- j\A3e\d AAW vwA SAaaaxL Jlx£ jSadc^vd ddvfeS ouA SadatA JAcA^ArioSd V\vya^\4, Hdwj AVve^ li23^_^xxA^dx^^ xjAYicxAdA^xda. 2S CxML^kAxd

, Xk xkke dx\Ak Ax>d3e j xAcAAwA Avox. dXCL ^de.=.,.,ctl T%aS--.SvS (W-£od. r..rrAer. .c x>ocXcA$A OAa\c^cS./a ^rvcX Ad . kAe \AXlAa c.V. ..xAAA^rn^A^ MRlce As ck^x9^d xoAkv\ dXe (Wx-eS aed omA, . xXA ((LW^kexS- .d^ drk^ a^^. k)de Al ..CrA ?ro<x ABxx^e( ValjcaA- X^\xx cV^r^ axo^sd dux .\^sA-...^.^^^.^vv.A. teCXeSexTd . dAe {kre^.A Xk-k (T^r Xfe^AS xAx Vec Q.W.YA CourArSy vj.AA.A-er W: O.AXxa XuVex _„..a:^..j^^ Xlx*xxk ~ YOdkxC SdYvA:uATiXx\ IV^klS- /

Vrk .....aaict duda.es.. lo^vs .keloW) 'Ay^X kjtXiL ru\.eA.„ dx _AAccard^,ace .^.vA 3x3x2s.S.^ \A~Oa. .^..AVB^a S Axxoyxd d£ dVxiAX^d "xA.5^Avx&>d \\ei.&A nVv^^i^t^. y^^xoxaAa ^ X \ _ . ,. ^ , r ^ t-.0 r\ A Al^ArXx)rddes(X. A^X£^. :Q&uxA-~ ~~ X*. rd^dA .Va1\oq ...... e C^ajxA - ^XoAXd Zd

dXtSa^vS nv Ave VxeCVv^^AV'v ?rr>?V>eA ASAeSuJd ^ra^ kl(\ on e _£^ACx___dS^x^e_xxX3icX irxA^SAerS* lAA-Yker ^ou vA\\ ixAAA^^-driv^e oxt^X^A_Aik2£- \Ar^^. cAV<xr/ OX Yl e\xdl d^A ^AxAxdxdxix^ d\vO id IyAaAp. xxri? ~T^x2HXd ~&v\A

RkcdA^ gg TXAXAX 7Yxvc\ iAaux vd\ eyvV ck^J^w^^.^vxX fxuY^ \k 9R^k^d ^^ v X (^qA /A« i "Acx£J '-x _ / . v{

tp IlWi^ iA \Ae\l or d<? U ) ^ PrvSnn SYfSAe^v j^re d\\ec\ l)\\V\ r^ODrd^A cdXpx ^LA g vxA kn ^^.5 -a??€\\AA~P Qjj<rVS ft k^Nde Covd^AA^v.A^ Td-ed ^.vn k^\(or &4 ArX Q 1SdAAAp. cr^ T^^^ x^d hc\^cAY\£A AVgL VvaV^A x^yx-d ICdurd"- ^^QWxAe cA ^cxdd-Dv^^M £7

\ V\e ..£>$.risSy^ dx) Yx$ A yfce. AWX db.a. 1 IAAAoxyvx^ K l_UAx\^eA..^ XtroC. 1XoX___xSa41\;^^V„„„.„ jdx3 okA.<2^cdx Cadd --xr..„..ix\a.eq _ x5k.^de -dk^d dA-e. d): ^dded zd±„ dA, - . ox. ao ^d\.eA(. Cddt^c aWviA-e, a&- f^ddx)xnx^. dix>r dxkA ^UX.oloviX, 2^jcA^A^..f..„.U)d.---. ' _4dke.^ .Cj3^s^^\\^ xdx d XX^xJXjr Ox^ ddxxc. S^dA_.£, cAddcx.xCL.....ai^Axt^S. dVv~_ LJ\xj^v\ _x\rV\e^ d^XslkX. dr.. %\AdXx. xAXreaAr AEA^^^^X AS.. Co.YN_c\u.d^A.r ^dxd --dX.<2.- CiTYAXiAXAc- X;3 YX<avJ d£A\dA dZxXX „£*£-/: des?Ld^e_ AAxX >XxY^AA...„aX -.-XX© d: _ ~c\ A^sSsA^^f 3Y^\d XoYxxiAcAr.

AS Ckx^xaed ddx ..5Y1\xl3 A^X^LcAjjuS A9Xd\dxPV\s -A^xx4 ^d^OdXG^S SeeklxAd ri^Sxd^oxxaCdAoxd ved\ ^!0

IrdyxA T^v^ kax^ \xaA Va^s 1xyX___IAAA Ve xkAXA x3xrd_.drXja_ \^yg>S Codf. Q^ CtAxiixyX^A 4x1T!IAaA^^ |ArXu<2 j4xdVtvd^jc\A_ C^Xx\LxAxd: idrix^^xivxxrx dXx2 L^gfcle^ \\ licZKZ-JldsdlSrr^k_e_dx bul**ifcs^ Apar &Al b^d dxaxXAAtxi drixe saS_ifcoii idkXXvx ^d iVedtXcNA JOi£^a-J-2^SdS£i^i^j^f. d jCJT^Vev>A^-I^v^ xX^did^AfLd ddx^Ac dkxx X iAAe^ ^ a sX ^mx)kxiAAvA £rix_ T^VAcL AAcx^dS -MNor^Ve-J k)U^ AAx__d^dV mJMZ&eMM^Sn I o Ax^sA uVeAVer cor U^XV ?ro?v>ex AS dd d Ar\je OT £&VSe. ?ro9VeAr/ A\ve ?e©^\ e Y\eeX oyYX v (Sk^Yvx AaS ?TO Se Y?VevxdAY^S 3cA9 3/4/2015 vAcX Xo A^ MA, Ae^bre. Ae e\€r YA<xeA aoyaxW XXc Hecr ^OAX^s^c Kings- Moses predicted that sometime after the land was settled the people would request a king (17:14- 20). The king must be chosen by the Lord. He was to be an Israelite, not a foreigner. He was to make a personal copy of the Book of the Law and read it throughout his reign. King and commoner alike were equal under the Law, andthe king must recognize that fact if he wished to have a successful reign.

Priests- The whole tribe of Levi, including the priests who were descendants of Aaron, were to have no inheritance in the Promised Land. The Lord was their inheritance. They would live from the gifts which the people brought to the Lord.These included portions of certain sacrificial animals and the first fruits of crops and wool. Levites who became full time ministers at the sanctuary were entitled to their maintenance even though they might have acquired some wealth from the sale of family possessions elsewhere (Deut 18:1-8).

Prophets- A prophet was a person who served as a channel of communication between the human and divine worlds. The biblical prophets played a crucial role in the development of God's people. The prophet was responsible for dispatching God's word to God's people. He was not to distort the word nor was he to add his opinion. His job was to deliver the word to the people free of contamination( Deut.

18.9-22) TVxtdl "PrediCi*1' Pi odVAvi "d «, (XyvxC^xX. lOvVVv \d* \^-v^x^? "lSd2_£xaYx<i Adored A \Aete Lbve/13 A. Cities of Refuge ' Taking a life, even accidentally, was a serious matter under the Law. One guilty of manslaughter had to flee for safety to one of six cities of refuge. These cities were situated three in Transjordan and three in Canaan. The cities of refuge offered sanctuary from the "avenger of blood." Some think the "avenger of blood" was a kinsman of the dead person who in rage might kill the guilty party. Others have suggested that the avenger might be a government appointed functionary. Mo sanctuary was offered anyone guilty of premeditated murder. The elders of the hometown of the murderer would order him returned. He would then be handed over to the avenger of blood, presumably after a trial had been conducted. Only by execution of the murderer could the stain of innocent blood be removed from the land (19:1-13). • Another serious matter was the removal of a boundary stone. According to 27:17 one guilty of this crime came under the curse of God. Why this brief law is inserted here is unclear. Perhaps it has something to do with jurisdictional disputes in the prosecution of murderers (19:14).

9Xde A^oi^. \v\\o *^A\ AxoXV o xc-An AaS role cA & \^uc\-e^/ Xe c¥??e^rs cS c\ CouYiScWor /AaVoCcVr^ SeAoA-e XA-e Cov\A$, as ^ vrts^coXor' A X6cy^y<X*aS Ae Qo-xeS oX As oAAA<? — Av>£ AAAXeSA OdAAce m Axe Vje>r\(k AT^atetfcX r feXA33~- teyj/kiuHid. . '^ '\jL\\d 3/4/2015

XI. Social/Civil'Lawscant.

Firstborn Animals (Deut. 15:19-23) The firstborn male animals, like the Sabbath, belonged to the Lord. These animals were not to be worked or used for the benefit of man. The firstborn were to be eaten at festivals in the sanctuary. Of course if the animal was flawed it could not be presented to the Lord.

A substitution had to be made, and the flawed animal could then be eaten at home.

Annual Feasts (Deut. 16:1-17) There were three categories of unclean animals (ch. 14), three temptations to idolatry (ch. 13), three prohibitions against eating blood (12:16, 23; 15:23), three uses of the phrase "the place which the Lord your God will choose" in chapter 14 and six uses in both chapters 12 and 16.

So now three times each year all the males are to appear before the Lord at the sanctuary. None was to appear empty handed. Each was to bring an offering in proportion to the way he had been blessed (16:16-17).

1. Passover and Unleavened Bread came in Abib (March/April). Passover was a celebration of deliverance from bondage. The unleavened bread was a reminder of the hasty departure from Egypt. Although the Passover could only be sacrificed at the sanctuary, the seven days of unleavened bread applied throughout the land. The seventh day of the festival was a sabbath (16:1-8).

(Deut. 16:1-17) 2. Seven weeks after the beginning of harvest the Feast of Weeks was celebrated. The more precise date for this festival is given in Leviticus 23:15-16. This one-day feast was a time for freewill offerings to the Lord and for celebration by the entire family. Generosity toward the needy was stimulated by recollections of their time of servitude in Egypt (16:9-12) 3. At the conclusion of the fall harvest the joyous Feast of Tabernacles was celebrated for seven days. Again, this was a time of family fellowship and sharing with the less fortunate. The entire feast was in essence a sabbath celebrating work well done and blessing of God (16:13- 15).

LevbI12-Daut. fS.18-17.13 d Government Among God's People- Judges- Judges were appointed by the people in every town. These men were not above the law. They were not permitted to show partiality, pervert justice or accept bribes. Most of this paragraph, however, is about the people themselves; 'you' not "they." All of God's people are to measure up to the high standards set forjudges (16:18-20). The judges would have the special responsibility of investigating alleged religious corruption. Difficult cases were to be taken to the sanctuary to be adjudicated by the priests and "the judge who is in office at that time," (i.e., the high priest).

keftrcc- Xv\ ofmX/A CxYme Aglj-a Vy\ \°\°IS/ do\AeA ^ovx^xd eAxoXXtxd Yv\ AyAAvAA Ao Yd<2 KecxA/WA AVacaa Ao\AAA\o\ Aox ^xe Yc?veseAAed fcb 2^ AAkVovneA Ao loWvv ^du. SWA eomwuvwc^Ve.

HfM . tTi cAAornei vAooyaA XomwioViceXe. XAW wa <l A

Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.