United States v. One 1955 Ford 4-Door
United States v. One 1955 Ford 4-Door
Opinion of the Court
The United States instituted this proceeding on June 21, 1960, seeking under the provisions of 26 U.S.C.A. § 7301 a forfeiture of the automobile described in the above caption alleging said automo
Most of the facts pertaining to the Bank’s claim for remission or mitigation are set forth in a stipulation and supplemental stipulation made by and between the Bank and libelant. The facts as reflected by said stipulations and as found from the evidence offered are as hereinafter stated.
On February 11, 1960, officers of the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Division of the United States Treasury Department’s Internal Revenue Service caused the automobile in question, which was owned by Fred E. Harrison and being then operated by him on a public highway in Bowie County, Texas, to stop, and upon said officers looking in said automobile they found therein three one-gallon jugs of whiskey, which jugs did not have affixed thereto stamps evidencing the payment of the tax on said whiskey as required by the Internal Revenue laws of the United States.
On November 3, 1959, in Hooks, Bowie County, Texas, Fred E. Harrison executed and delivered to the Bank a promissory note in the principal sum of $590 payable in twelve monthly installments of $25 each, the first installment being due and payable on December 20, 1959, and a final installment in the amount of $290. On the same date the said Harrison at Hooks, Texas, executed and delivered to the Bank a chattel mortgage covering said automobile to secure the payment of the note. Since the full amount of said note has not been paid, the Bank by virtue of the chattel mortgage has a security interest in said automobile.
Before it acquired the chattel mortgage the Bank made an investigation in Hooks, Texas, where the Bank is located and where Harrison resided, of Harrison as to his reputation for violating the liquor laws of the United States and of any state. Said investigation disclosed that Harrison was of good character and did not disclose that he had a record or reputation for violating the liquor laws of the United States or of any state. The Bank did not make inquiry of any of the law enforcement officers or agencies designated in 18 U.S.C.A. § 3617(b) (3) as to whether Harrison had a record or reputation for violating the liquor laws of the United States or of any state; however, it was stipulated that had the Bank made inquiry of the Bowie County, Texas, Sheriff Department as to the reputation of Fred E. Harrison, it would not have been informed of any violation of the liquor laws by the said Harrison. There is no evidence that Fred E. Harrison ever at any time prior to February 11, 1960, had
I find and conclude that the Bank had and has an interest in the automobile in question, namely, a chattel mortgage lien thereon which it acquired in good faith. I further find and conclude that the Bank at no time had knowledge or reason to believe that said automobile was being or would be used in violation of the laws of the United States or of any state relating to liquor.
The power or authority of a court to remit or mitigate a forfeiture, such as the one here involved, is controlled by the provisions of 18 U.S.C.A. § 3617(b). Under the provisions of said statute the court can remit or mitigate such a forfeiture only if certain conditions precedent are met. These conditions precedent are: (1) that the claimant acquired an interest in the automobile in good faith, (2) that the claimant had no knowledge or reason to believe that it would be used to violate the liquor laws of the United States or of any state, and (3) in case the claimant’s interest arises out of a contract made with a person “having a record or reputation for violating laws of the United States or of any State relating to liquor” that the claimant inquired of certain specified local or federal authorities as to such a possible “record” or “reputation,” and was informed that such a person has neither. It is clear from the express wording of the statute that the claimant has the burden of proving the first two conditions precedent, i. e., he must show that he acquired his interest in good faith and that he had no reason to believe that the automobile would be used in violation of the liquor laws of the United States or of any state. As indicated by the findings stated in the paragraph next above, the Bank in the instant case has discharged its burden as to the first two conditions. The third condition, i. e., the making of the investigation or inquiry of the specified local or federal authorities as to a possible record or reputation for violating the liquor laws is conditioned upon the person from whom the remission claimant acquired his interest having a record or reputation for violating the laws of the United States or of any state relating to liquor. In the absence of any such record or reputation, there is no duty or obligation to make the inquiry or investigation as to such a record or reputation. The burden of proving the existence of such a record or reputation rests upon the libelant but once' it is established that such a record or reputation existed, the burden shifts to the remission claimant to establish that he made the inquiry of one of the local or federal authorities as to such a record or reputation as required by the statute and was informed that there was no such record or reputation.
As used in Sec. 3617(b) (3), the words “record” and “reputation” are words of different meaning.
The libelant and the Bank have stipulated that the value of the automobile in question is the sum of $650; that there remains an unpaid balance of $540 due-the Bank on Harrison’s note to the Bank, above referred to; and that the cost of seizure, advertising and storing the automobile since the date of its seizure is $115. Since the aggregate of the amount owed by Harrison to the Bank and the cost of seizure exceed the value of the automobile, libelant should be required to cause the automobile in question to be delivered to the Bank upon the Bank paying all cost of- seizure, including the cost of storing said automobile since the date of seizure. ■ . ■
. On August 5, 1960, Fred E. Harrison appeared before this Court in Criminal Action No. 1705 and entered a plea of guilty to possessing said three gallons of whiskey in containers which did not have affixed thereto in such manner as to be broken on opening said containers a stamp evidencing payment of the tax imposed on said whiskey in violation of 26 U.S.C.A. § 5205(a) (2).
. Pittsbugh Parking Garages, Inc. v. United States, 3 Cir., 108 F.2d 35; United States v. Ford Truck, 3 Cir., 115 F.2d 864; United States v. Federal Credit. Co., 5 Cir., 117 F.2d 341; United States v. McArthur, 5 Cir., 117 F.2d 343; City Nat. Bank & Trust Co. of Oklahoma City, Okl. v. United States, 8 Cir., 163 F.2d 820; and Murdock Acceptance Corp. v. United States, 5 Cir., 172 F.2d 552.
. United States v. Federal Credit Co., supra; United States v. McArthur, supra; and United States v. One 1955 Model Buick 4-Door Sedan Automobile, 4 Cir., 241 F.2d 90.
. United States v. One 1950 Lincoln Sedan, 5 Cir., 196 F.2d 639.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- UNITED STATES of America, libelant v. ONE 1955 FORD 4-DOOR, Motor No. A5DG239995, Its Tools and Appurtenances
- Status
- Published