Taylor v. Tesco Corp.
Taylor v. Tesco Corp.
Opinion of the Court
This personal injury and products liability case was transferred here from the Eastern District of Louisiana. Pending at the time of transfer were: Defendants Pride International, Inc. and Mexico Drilling, LLC’s Motion to Dismiss Pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) on Basis of Prescription (Document No. 46), and Motion to Dismiss Tesco Corporation Pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 12 (Document No. 57). After the transfer Plaintiffs filed their Motion to Dismiss Without Prejudice (Document No. 154) and Motion for Leave to File Timely Superseding Fourth Supplemental Amended Complaint (Document No. 185). After considering the motions, responses, replies, the arguments made by the parties at the June 23, 2011 scheduling conference, and the applicable law, the Court concludes as follows:
I. Background
Plaintiff Keith Taylor alleges he was injured aboard a fixed oil platform in the Bay of Campeche off the coast of Mexico on January 1, 2009. About four months later Plaintiffs sued Tesco Corporation (US) (“Tesco US”) in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana, alleging negligence and strict liability arising out of Tesco US’s manufacture of the top drive on which Taylor was injured.
Defendant Tesco U.S. in April 2010 filed a motion to dismiss for forum non conveniens, which was later denied, and in July and August of 2010 Tesco Corporation and the Pride Defendants, respectively, moved to dismiss Plaintiffs’ claims against them based on the Louisiana one-year prescriptive law.
In February, 2011, the case was transferred to this Court “for the convenience of the parties and witnesses, and in the interest of justice,” pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).
II. Discussion
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41 governs voluntary dismissal by a plaintiff. A plaintiff’s dismissal of suit without prejudice is an “absolute right” if done “before the opposing party serves either an answer or a motion for summary judgment.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(1)(A); Harvey Specialty & Supply, Inc. v. Anson Flowline, 434 F.3d 320, 324 (5th Cir. 2005). After the opposing party serves either an answer or motion for summary judgment, voluntary dismissal may occur only “by court order, on terms that the court considers proper.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(2). Even then, however, “as a general rule, motions for voluntary dismissal should be freely granted unless the non-moving party will suffer some plain legal prejudice other than the mere prospect of a second lawsuit.” Elbaor v. Tripath Imaging, Inc., 279 F.3d 314, 317 (5th Cir. 2002).
A. Tesco Corporation
Although styled a “motion to dismiss,” Plaintiffs March 18, 2011, filing had the effect of a Rule 41(a)(1) notice of dismissal as to any defendants who had not yet served either an answer or a motion for summary judgment. Matthews v. Gaither, 902 F.2d 877, 880 (11th Cir. 1990) (“The fact that a notice of dismissal is styled ‘motion to dismiss’ rather than ‘notice of dismissal’ is without consequence.’ ” (citing Williams v. Ezell, 531 F.2d 1261, 1263 (5th Cir. 1976); Carter v. United States, 547 F.2d 258, 259 (5th Cir. 1977))).
Tesco Corporation did not answer Plaintiffs complaint until June 20, 2011, after Plaintiffs had filed their Rule 41(a)(1) dismissal.
At the Rule 16 scheduling conference, all parties agreed that there was no need for the Court to consider matters outside the pleadings on Tesco Corporation’s and the
Pride Defendants’ motions to dismiss, and that conversion of that motion into one for summary judgment would be inappropriate.
Moreover, because Tesco U.S. opposes Plaintiffs voluntary dismissal of suit based solely upon alleged prejudice to Tesco Corporation, it has not shown any “plain legal prejudice” to Tesco U.S. to preclude application of the general rule that voluntary dismissals should be “freely granted.” See Elbaor, 279 F.3d at 317. Plaintiffs’ claims against Tesco U.S. will therefore be dismissed without prejudice.
1. Rule Jpl Dismissal Without Prejudice
The Pride Defendants, on the other hand, did answer Plaintiffs’ suit before Plaintiffs requested voluntary dismissal.
2. Prescription
“[W]hen the plaintiffs petition has clearly prescribed on its face, as here, the burden shifts to the plaintiff to prove that prescription has been suspended or interrupted.” Rizer v. Am. Sur. & Fid. Ins. Co., 669 So.2d 387, 388 (La. 1996). As noted, Plaintiffs assert that the Pride Defendants are either joint tortfeasors or solidary obligors with Tesco US, whom they timely sued. The filing of suit against one tortfeasor interrupts the running of prescription as against all joint tortfeasors. La. Civ.Code art. 2324(C). Likewise, “[t]he interruption of prescription against one solidary obligor is effective against all solidary obligors.” Rizer, 669 So.2d at 388 (citing La. Civ.Code arts. 1799, 3503). Plaintiffs may carry their burden of proof if the allegations in their petition and amended petitions, accepted as true, establish that the sued defendants are joint tortfeasors or solidary obligors. See Vincent v. Tusch, 618 So.2d 385, 385 (La. 1993);
Here, the complaint and amending complaints allege that Plaintiff Keith Taylor was seriously injured while inspecting a top drive “manufactured and/or sold by Tesco Corporation (US) and/or Tesco Corporation,”
The Pride Defendants nonetheless assert that Plaintiffs have failed to carry their burden because Plaintiffs have not shown that Louisiana substantive law applies to this case, and therefore have not shown that the defendants are joint tortfeasors.
[t]he Louisiana Supreme Court has long held that “prescriptive statutes are strictly construed against prescription and in favor of the obligation sought to be extinguished; thus, of two possible constructions, that which favors maintaining, as opposed to barring, an action should be adopted.”
Richard v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 559 F.3d 341, 346-47 (5th Cir. 2009) (quoting Lima v. Schmidt, 595 So.2d 624, 629 (La. 1992)). Moreover, the concept of a joint tortfeasor is not unique to Louisiana law. See, e.g., Black’s Law Dictionary 1497 (7th ed. 1999) (defining “joint tortfeasors” as “[t]wo or more tortfeasors who contributed to the claimant’s injury and who may be joined as defendants in the same lawsuit”). To conclude that “joint tortfeasors” under
The Pride Defendants’ motion will therefore be denied, but without prejudice because the Court’s determination at this stage is based solely upon the pleadings. Presently there can be no ultimate determination whether Tesco U.S. is liable to Plaintiffs for this accident and, if not, then Tesco U.S. would not be a joint tortfeasor with the Pride Defendants. In the latter event, Plaintiffs’ suit against Tesco U.S. would not have interrupted the prescriptive period. See Hughes v. Pogo Producing Co., No. 06-1894, 2009 WL 367513, at *4 (W.D.La. Feb. 12, 2009) (“The Court notes it cannot determine at this time whether the plaintiffs’ claims against ENI are prescribed____ The liability of the timely-sued defendants in this matter— Pogo and Discovery — has not been determined by this Court and must be determined either by way of motion prior to trial or at trial.”); accord Renfroe v. State ex rel. Dep’t of Transp. and Dev., 809 So.2d 947, 950 (La. 2002) (“[A] suit timely filed against one defendant does not interrupt prescription as against other defendants not timely sued, where the timely sued defendant is ultimately found not liable to plaintiffs, since no joint or solidary obligation would exist.” (emphasis added)).
III. Order
Accordingly, it is
ORDERED that Plaintiffs’ Motion to Dismiss Without Prejudice (Document No. 154) is GRANTED with respect to Defendant Tesco Corporation simply as a memorial of Plaintiffs’ dismissal without prejudice of Tesco Corporation, which was effective on March 18, 2011, when the motion was filed; the motion is GRANTED with respect to Tesco Corporation (US) for the reasons stated in the foregoing
ORDERED that the Motion to Dismiss Tesco Corporation Pursuant to Fed. R.Civ.P. 12 (Document No. 57) is DENIED AS MOOT. It is further
ORDERED that Defendants Pride International, Inc. and Mexico Drilling, LLC’s Motion to Dismiss Pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) on Basis of Prescription (Document No. 46) is DENIED, but without prejudice to the motion timely being reasserted on their claimed defense of prescription if at a future time it is adjudicated that Tesco U.S. is not a joint tortfeasor with the Pride Defendants.
. Document No. 1. Taylor’s wife and children join him as plaintiffs; his wife asserts claims for loss of consortium, loss of enjoyment of life, and loss of support, and his children assert damage to the parental relationship.
. Document Nos. 36, 37.
. Document No. 72.
. Document Nos. 46, 57. "Prescription is the civil-law equivalent of a statute of limitations.” Allstate Ins. Co. v. Torres, Civ. A. No. 06-5206, 2007 WL 3102791, at *2 n. 1 (E.D.La. Oct. 23, 2007) (Vance, J.) (citing Black’s Law Dictionary (8th ed. 2004); La.Civ.Code Ann. art. 3447 (West 2007)).
. Document No. 142 at 2.
. See Document No. 154 at 1. Plaintiffs assert that this Court lacks jurisdiction over the action because if it had been filed in Texas state court, it would not have been removable due to the presence of in-state defendants. See Document No. 154-1 at 5 (citing 28 U.S.C. § 1441(b)); Document No. 180. Section 1441(b) states that an action premised on diversity jurisdiction "shall be removable only if none of the parties in interest properly joined and served as defendants is a citizen of the State in which such action is brought.” 28 U.S.C. § 1441(b) (emphasis added). Plaintiffs filed this case, however, in federal court
. Document No. 171.
. See Document No. 57.
. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(d) ("If, on a motion under Rule 12(b)(6) or 12(c), matters outside the pleadings are presented to and not excluded by the court, the motion must be treated as one for summary judgment under Rule 56. All parties must be given a reasonable opportunity to present all the material that is pertinent to the motion.”).
. See Document No. 175 (Minute Entry Order).
. Prior to Plaintiffs’ March 18, 2011 filing, the Pride Defendants filed a cross-claim for “Indemnity and/or Contribution” against both Tesco U.S. and Tesco Corporation. Dismissal of Plaintiffs’ claims against Tesco U.S. and Tesco Corporation has no effect upon the Pride Defendants' cross-claims; both Tesco parties remain parties to this case with respect to those cross-claims. See Zoblotsky v. Tenet Choices, Inc., No. 03-2957, 2007 WL 2008506, at *1 n. 1 (E.D.La. July 6, 2007) (holding same (citing Deauville Corp. v. Garden Suburbs Golf & Country Club, 165 F.2d 431, 432 (5th Cir. 1948); Heiser v. Ass'n of Apartment Owners of Polo Beach Club, 848 F.Supp. 1482 (D.Haw. 1993); Slotkin v. Brookdale Hosp. Ctr., 377 F.Supp. 275 (S.D.N.Y. 1974))); see also Aetna Ins. Co. v. Newton, 398 F.2d 729, 734 (3d Cir. 1968) ("[Djismissal of the original complaint as to one of the defendants named therein does not operate as a dismissal of a cross-claim filed against such defendant by a co-defendant.” (citing Picou v. Rimrock Tidelands, Inc., 29 F.R.D. 188 (E.D.La. 1962); Frommeyer v. L. & R. Constr. Co., Inc., 139 F.Supp. 579, 585-86 (D.N.J. 1956))); Lipford v. New York Life Ins. Co., No. 02 Civ. 0092, 2003 WL 21313193, at *3-4 (S.D.N.Y. June 9, 2003) (holding same (citations omitted)). Moreover, the Court retains supplemental jurisdiction over these cross-
. See Document No. 138.
. Post-transfer under 28 U.S.C. § 1404 for the convenience of the parties, this Court is "to apply the state law that would have been applied if there had been no change of venue,” which means application of Louisiana state law upon transfer from the Eastern District of Louisiana. Loughan v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., 624 F.2d 726, 728 (5th Cir. 1980) (quoting Van Dusen v. Barrack, 376 U.S. 612, 84 S.Ct. 805, 11 L.Ed.2d 945 (1964)); see also Hensgens v. Deere & Co., 869 F.2d 879, 880 (5th Cir. 1989) ("In diversity cases, of course, federal courts apply state statutes of limitations and related state law governing tolling of the limitation period." (citations omitted)).
. See La. Civ.Code art. 3492. Document No. 47 at 3.
. Although Tusch states this rule respecting whether a plaintiff has shown whether “the untimely sued defendants are solidarily lia
. Document No. 72 at 1-2 (Third Am. Cmplt.). The Fourth Supplemental and Amended Complaint filed pursuant to this Order, see supra n. 10, recites the same facts relevant to the Court’s analysis. See Document No. 185, ex. 2 at 3-4.
. Document No. 1 at 2 (Cmplt.).
. Document No. 36 at 3 (First Am. Cmplt.); Document No. 37 at 2 (Second Am. Cmplt.).
. See Document No. 54 at 2-3.
. Indeed, Plaintiffs in their most recent amended complaint assert that Texas law governs their claims. If so, Texas follows the same concept of a “joint tortfeasor.” See Gilcrease v. Garlock, Inc., 211 S.W.3d 448, 457 (Tex.App.-El Paso 2006, no pet.) (“Joint tortfeasors are defined as parties whose tortious conduct combines as a legal cause of a single and indivisible harm to the injured party.” (citing Riley v. Indus. Fin. Serv. Co., 157 Tex. 306, 302 S.W.2d 652, 655 (1957))). To the extent the Pride Defendants imply that Mexican law is different from Louisiana's or Texas’s and should apply to Plaintiffs’ claims, see Document No. 54 at 2-3, it is their burden to establish the differences, if any, between that law and the law of the local forum. Restatement (Second) Conflict of Laws § 136 cmt. f (1971) (”[T]he party who claims that the foreign law is different from the local law of the forum has the burden of establishing the content of the foreign law.”). Upon their failure to do so, the court “is entitled to look to its own forum's law in order to fill any gaps.” Banco de Credito Indus., S.A. v. Tesoreria Gen., 990 F.2d 827, 836 (5th Cir. 1993).
. Arguably, Tesco U.S. may ultimately be held liable for Plaintiffs’ injuries by virtue of Plaintiffs’ prosecution of the Texas state court action against Tesco US. That such liability may be found in a Texas state court action does not preclude its interrupting effect. Accord Taylor v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co., 579 So.2d 443, 445 (La. 1991) ("Prescription is interrupted when an obligee commences an action against his obligor that is timely in a court of competent jurisdiction and venue under the law of the forum, regardless of whether the forum is a Louisiana Court.... Thus, such a suit ... against a tortfeasor in a court sitting in another state has the same interruptive effect upon prescription of the obligation ... as it would have if filed properly and timely in Louisiana.”).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Keith TAYLOR and Barbara Taylor, Individually and on Behalf of Their Two Minor Children, David A. Taylor and Daryel Taylor v. TESCO CORPORATION (US), Tesco Corporation, Pride International, Inc., and Mexico Drilling Limited, LLC
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published