Smith v. Shinn

Texas Supreme Court
Smith v. Shinn, 58 Tex. 1 (Tex. 1882)
1882 Tex. LEXIS 199
App, Com, Watts

Smith v. Shinn

Opinion of the Court

Watts, J. Com. App.

Appellant’s first proposition is that the court erred in refusing to exclude the patent as evidence. The objection to its introduction is based upon a variance between the petition and the patent in respect to the name of the patentee. In the former the name is given as George W. Lernoyne,” in the latter as “ George W. Lernoyn.” In a motion filed by appellant for leave to withdraw title papers from the general land office, he states that the land in controversy was patented to Geo. W. Lernoyne by virtue of bounty warrant No. 4431.

To constitute a variance between the pleadings and evidence, the misdescription must be such as to mislead or surprise the adverse party. McClelland v. Smith, 3 Tex., 210; Hays v. Samuels, 55 Tex., 563. An examination of the record discloses the fact that the appellant was neither misled or surprised to his injury by reason of the supposed variance in the name of the patentee.

The evidence of W. B. Lernoyne, to the effect that he had frequently heard his father say that he had served in the war of 1836, was certainly hearsay and inadmissible. That evidence tended to identify the father as the same George Lernoyn to whom bounty warrant No. 4431 was issued. It might have been that, from tin? identity of the name, the jury would have found that the father was the Lernoyn to whom the warrant was issued, without the admission of that hearsay evidence; but we are not able to determine that such would have been the result.

In the body of the bounty warrant we find the following clause, to wit: And the said Geo. W. Lernoyn, by his attorney, T. D. Tompkins, is entitled to hold said land, or to sell, alienate, convey and donate the same, and to exercise all rights of ownership over it.”

There is no legitimate evidence in the record tending to show that this clause was not inserted in the warrant at the instance and request of Geo. W. Lernoyn. The presumption will be indulged, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, that the secretary of war acted within the scope of his authority. To overcome that presumption, the burden was upon the appellees to show that the clause under consideration was inserted through fraud, inadvertence or' mistake, or that it was done without the knowledge or consent of Lernoyn. And more especially is this true, where, as in this case, the power is given in the very instrument that creates the right, and where more than forty years, after the exercise of that power by Tompkins, is permitted to elapse before it is contested.

In our opinion Tompkins had the prima facie right or authority to *4make the transfer, which would convey both the interest of himself and his principal. Hough v. Hill, 47 Tex., 148; Veramendi v. Hutchins, 48 Tex., 553, and the same case decided at the last Galveston term.

[Opinion approved October 24, 1882.]

In this particular the verdict was against the evidence. The court should have submitted to the jury the question of limitation and stale demand, and also the presumption of acquiescence by Lernoyne in the sale and transfer of the certificate or bounty warrant, by reason of the lapse of time and the other circumstances in the case.

We conclude that the judgment ought to be reversed and the cause remanded.

Beveesed and behanded.

Reference

Full Case Name
J. Lyle Smith, Adm'r v. W. E. Shinn
Cited By
4 cases
Status
Published
Syllabus
1. Variance—Evidence — Presumption of power.— A patent was issued December 12, 1860, to George W. Lernoyn, on a bounty land warrant, which was issued by the secretary of war of the republic of Texas in 1833. The warrant on its face recited, “ and the said George W. Lernoyn, by his attorney, T. D. Tompkins, is entitled to hold said land, or to sell, alienate, convey and donate the same, and to exercise all rights of ownership over it.” In trespass to try title to the land, brought in 1880 by those claiming title by purchase from the heirs of Geo. W. Lernoyne, and against one claiming under a transfer of the certificate by T. D. Tompkins in 1839, field, (1) A variance between the word “Lernoyn,” contained in the patent, and “Lernoyne,” who in the pleading was alleged to have been the patentee, was not such a variance as could either have misled or resulted in a surprise on the trial, and was immaterial. (2) Evidence by the son of Geo. W. Lernoyne, offered to prove the identity of his deceased father as the person to whom the patent was issued, that he had heard him say that he served in the revolution of 1836, was hearsay and inadmissible. (3) It will be presumed, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, that the secretary of war acted within the scope of his authority in granting in the warrant the power of sale to Tompkins. (4) The transfer of the warrant by Tompkins, prima facie conveyed the title. (5) The jury should have been charged in regard to the staleness of the demand, and the presumption of authority in Tompkins to convey, resulting from the long acquiescence in his act by Lernoyn and his heirs.