Higgins v. Randall County Sheriff's Office

Lawrence Higgins, a pro se inmate, filed an appeal without paying a filing fee or filing an affidavit of indigence. When the court of appeals ordered him to pay the fee within ten days, Higgins filed an affidavit of indigence before the deadline. Because the court of appeals dismissed the appeal anyway, we reverse.

Higgins sued the Randall County Sheriffs Office after a fellow inmate assaulted him. The trial court dismissed his claim for want of prosecution. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 165a. Higgins filed a timely notice of appeal, but included neither a filing fee nor an affidavit of indigence. See TEX. R. APP. P. 5, 20.1(c)(1). Four months later, the court of appeals notified him that unless he paid the filing fee of $125 within ten days, his appeal would be dismissed. Nine days later, Higgins responded by filing an affidavit of indigence.

The court of appeals dismissed the appeal because the affidavit was untimely and unaccompanied by a motion to extend time. See TEX. R. APP. P. 20.1(c). But the affidavit is no longer a jurisdictional requirement. See TEX. R. APP. P. 25.1(b); In re J.W., 52 S.W.3d 730, 733 (Tex. 2001). As with any other formal defect or irregularity in appellate procedure, the court of appeals could dismiss the appeal for noncomplianee only after allowing Higgins a reasonable time to correct this defect. See TEX. R. APP. P. 44.3; In re J.W., 52 S.W.3d at 733. Because an affidavit of indigence discharged the filing-fee requirement unless a contest to it was sustained, see TEX. R. APP. P. 20.1, Hig *900 gins corrected the defect within the allotted time.

The court of appeals held alternatively that even if the affidavit were timely, the appeal should be dismissed because it was conclusory and failed to contain all the information required. But again, dismissal cannot be sustained on this ground without giving the affiant an opportunity to amend. See In re J.W., 52 S.W.3d at 733. Nothing in the affidavit shows affirmatively that Higgins could pay appellate costs, and “[e]ommon sense tells us that one in [his] circumstances had no means of obtaining an arm’s length bona fide loan.” Allred v. Lowry, 597 S.W.2d 353, 355 (Tex. 1980).

Accordingly, without hearing oral argument, see TEX. R. APP. P. 59.1, we reverse the court of appeals’ judgment and remand for further proceedings in accordance with this opinion.