FILED United States Court of Appeals UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Tenth Circuit

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT October 30, 2020 _________________________________ Christopher M. Wolpert Clerk of Court AMANDA KAYE PHILLIPS,

Plaintiff - Appellant,

v. No. 20-5025 (D.C. No. 4:20-CV-00002-CVE-JFJ) AUSTIN POLICE DEPARTMENT; (N.D. Okla.) TRAVIS COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE; GUSTAVO GARCIA, JR.; TEXAS BOARD OF NURSING; TEXAS STATE BAR; CITY OF AUSTIN, TEXAS; DAVID MOSS CORRECTIONAL - TULSA COUNTY JAIL; TULSA EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES AUTHORITY; JOHN DOE, sued as Male Paramedic, Male US Marshal 1, Male US Marshal 2, Male US Marshal 3; JANE DOE, Sued as Female Paramedic; OKLAHOMA BOARD OF NURSING; CARMEN NICKEL, MS, RN, President of Oklahoma Board of Nursing; KATHERINE THOMAS, President of Texas Board of Nursing; TRAVIS COUNTY TEXAS; C. PIERCE, Austin Police Officer; ASCENSION; CHRISTOPHER BORN, CEO Dell Childrens; SETON FAMILY OF HOSPITALS; AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT; U.S. MARSHALS SERVICE; BRITTANY GARRETT, Dell Childrens RN recruiter; DEB BROWN, former Chief Nurse Officer at Dell Children’s; TRAVIS COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY OFFICE,

Defendants - Appellees.

––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– AMANDA PHILLIPS,

Plaintiff - Appellant,

v. No. 20-5027 (D.C. No. 4:18-CV-00383-GKF-FHM) UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DELL (N.D. Okla.) MEDICAL SCHOOL,

Defendant - Appellee. _________________________________

ORDER AND JUDGMENT * _________________________________

Before LUCERO, HOLMES, and EID, Circuit Judges. _________________________________

Plaintiff Amanda Phillips appeals the denial, in two cases, of her motion to

redact certain information from public filings and to proceed under a pseudonym.

Exercising jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291, we affirm.

BACKGROUND

Phillips filed two separate civil suits in the Northern District of Oklahoma.

Three months after she filed No. 18-CV-383-GKF-FHM (appeal No. 20-5027), the

district court ordered Phillips to show cause why her complaint should not be

* After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined unanimously to honor the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1. 2 dismissed for failure to serve the defendant, the University of Texas Dell Medical

School. Phillips failed to respond, so the court dismissed the case.

In No. 20-CV-00002-CVE-JFJ (appeal No. 20-5025), she named twenty-six

defendants, some of whom were residents of Oklahoma and some of whom were

residents of Texas. Because Phillips had been granted leave to proceed in forma

pauperis (IFP), the district court sua sponte screened the complaint pursuant to

28 U.S.C. § 1915(e) and dismissed all claims on various grounds including improper

venue, failure to state a claim, and frivolousness.

After the cases had been dismissed, Phillips filed identical “Motion[s] to

Redact and Replace” in both cases. In the motions, she asked the court to remove her

name from all filings and replace it with “Jane Doe” and to redact any information

related to her financial accounts from any public filings. The courts entered

orders denying the motions in their respective cases on March 6, 2020. The order in

18-CV-383-GKF-FHM (20-5027) directed that Phillips’ IFP motion be sealed, and in

20-CV-00002 (20-5025) the court reviewed the IFP motion and determined it did not

contain any sensitive financial account information. Both courts denied Phillips’

request that her name be replaced with “Jane Doe.” Phillips appeals the orders

denying her motions to redact and replace.

DISCUSSION

While we construe pro se arguments liberally, we “cannot take on the

responsibility of serving as the litigant’s attorney in constructing arguments and

searching the record.” Garrett v. Selby Connor Maddux & Janer, 425 F.3d 836, 840

3 (10th Cir. 2005). We review for abuse of discretion the district court’s denial of a

motion to file under pseudonym. See M.M. v. Zavaras, 139 F.3d 798, 802 (10th Cir.

1998). “A court abuses its discretion when its ruling is arbitrary, capricious,

whimsical or manifestly unreasonable or when we are convinced that the district

court made a clear error of judgment or exceeded the bounds of permissible choice in

the circumstances.” Etherton v. Owners Ins. Co., 829 F.3d 1209, 1216 (10th Cir.

2016) (internal quotation marks omitted).

“Proceeding under a pseudonym in federal court is, by all accounts, an unusual

procedure.” Femedeer v. Haun, 227 F.3d 1244, 1246 (10th Cir. 2000) (internal

quotation marks omitted). No federal statute or rule of procedure supports the

practice. Id. This court has nevertheless recognized that anonymity in court

proceedings may sometimes be warranted, but it is limited to “exceptional

circumstances,” such as cases “involving matters of a highly sensitive and personal

nature, real danger of physical harm, or where the injury litigated against would be

incurred as a result of the disclosure of the plaintiff’s identity. The risk that a

plaintiff may suffer some embarrassment is not enough.” Id. (quoting Doe v. Frank,

951 F.2d 320, 324 (11th Cir. 1992)).

On appeal, while Phillips reiterates some of the reasons that she would prefer

her name be redacted from her public filings, she does not set forth any “exceptional

circumstances” warranting anonymity in this case. She also does not demonstrate

how either district court exceeded the bounds of permissible choice in denying her

4 request. We therefore conclude the district courts acted within their discretion in

denying Phillips’ motions.

In 20-5025, Phillips also makes a separate argument on appeal that the district

court judge was improperly biased against her. But Phillips failed to preserve her

claim of judicial bias because she did not timely move for recusal. See United States

v. Nickl, 427 F.3d 1286, 1297–98 (10th Cir. 2005). Because Phillips did not do so,

we review this claim only for plain error, id., and because Phillips does not argue for

plain error on appeal, we decline to reverse the district court judgment on this basis,

Richison v. Ernest Grp., Inc., 634 F.3d 1123, 1131 (10th Cir. 2011) (“[T]he failure to

argue for plain error and its application on appeal . . . surely marks the end of the

road for an argument for reversal not first presented to the district court.”).

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the orders of the district courts in

20-5025 and 20-5027 denying Phillips’ “Motion to Redact and Replace.”

Entered for the Court

Allison H. Eid Circuit Judge

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