These cases stem from an interpleader action brought by Reassure America Life Insurance Company (“Reassure”) to determine the proper beneficiary of a $2 million life insurance policy. The Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) moved to intervene in the action to protect its ability to recover on a then potential and now final judgment against Miriam Sofia Andreoni (“Miriam”), the wife of the deceased whose life was insured. Upon the entry of a consent decree in that parallel litigation in which Miriam assigned the FTC her rights as beneficiary to the policy, the FTC was substituted for Miriam as a party in the interpleader lawsuit. The district court then granted the FTC’s motion for summary judgment, finding that Miriam was the true beneficiary to the life insurance policy. Miriam, Nadia Smolyanski, Peter Smolyanski, and Bruce Warner, as executor of David Shomers’s (“Shomers”) estate, appeal the district court’s grant of the FTC’s motion for intervention. Miriam and the Smolyanskis appeal the district court’s grant of the FTC’s motion for summary judgment.

After reviewing the record, reading the parties’ briefs and having the benefit of oral argument, we affirm.

First, the intervention issue is moot due to the Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 25(c) substitution of the FTC as a party.

Second, we conclude from the record that the district court properly granted summary judgment.

Miriam was the last valid beneficiary under the policy. The FTC was properly substituted in Miriam’s place to satisfy the $19 million judgment in Case No. 11-10150. The Trust failed to produce any evidence that Shomers ever signed the December 2007 transfer of ownership form *830 nor that he authorized anyone to sign it on his behalf. Without a valid transfer of ownership, the Trust had no right to name itself as beneficiary. Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of the FTC.

AFFIRMED.