Correa-Calagua v. Gonzales
Opinion of the Court
SUMMARY ORDER
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the petition for review is DENIED.
Petitioner Jose Luis Correa-Calagua, a Peruvian native, entered the United States on January 8,1988 as a tourist. He stayed unlawfully after the expiration of his tour
On January 8, 2002, petitioner filed with the BIA a motion to reopen and remand on the ground that he had become eligible for adjustment of status as a result of an approved employment-based immigrant visa petition. The INS failed to respond to the motion, which the BIA granted. The case was then remanded to the immigration court for further proceedings.
IJ Philip J. Montante, Jr. held an initial scheduling hearing on April 24, 2002. Two days later, petitioner filed an Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status, as well as an Application for Waiver of Ground of Excludability in which he admitted assuming Rafael A. Martinez’s identity. At the conclusion of a hearing held on November 7, 14 and 29, 2002, IJ Montante rendered an oral decision and found that petitioner had failed to establish “extreme hardship” or “unusual or outstanding equities.” The IJ further determined that petitioner did not merit the favorable exercise of discretion. Accordingly, the IJ denied petitioner’s application for a waiver of inadmissibility pursuant to INA § 212(i), 8 U.S.C. § 1182(i), and his application for adjustment of status. The BIA affirmed the IJ’s decision without opinion on February 17, 2004.
In his petition to this Court, Correa-Calagua claims that he was denied due process of law because IJ Montante allegedly exhibited bias and conducted the hearing unfairly. In addition, petitioner contends that he was not required to procure a fraud waiver pursuant to INA § 212(i) because he allegedly did not obtain any benefit under the INA and because the imposition of the “extraordinary hardship” standard on him was impermissibly retroactive due to the fact that his fraudulent conduct occurred before the INA was amended to require proof of “extraordinary hardship.”
We have jurisdiction to review petitioner’s claim that the deportation hearing violated his rights pursuant to the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment. See 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(D) (“Nothing ... in any ... provision of this chapter ... which limits or eliminates judicial review[ ] shall be construed as precluding review of constitutional claims or questions of law raised upon a petition for review.”); Xiao Ji Chen v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 434 F.3d 144, 151-52 (2d Cir. 2006) (noting that the phrase “constitutional claims,” as used in 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(D), “clearly relates to claims brought pursuant to provisions of the Constitution of the United States”). The Due Process Clause requires that aliens who
Petitioner has made no showing of personal bias on the part of the IJ, see In re Exame, 18 I. & N. Dec. 303, 306, 1982 WL 190694 (BIA Sept. 3, 1982) (To challenge an IJ’s decision on the basis of bias, an alien must show “personal, rather than judicial, bias stemming from an ‘extrajudicial’ source which resulted in an opinion on the merits on some basis other than what the immigration judge learned from his participation in the case”), or more broadly of unfairness in the hearing. See Shaughnessy v. United States ex rel. Mezei, 345 U.S. 206, 212, 73 S.Ct. 625, 97 L.Ed. 956 (1953) (“[Ajliens ... may be expelled only after proceedings conforming to traditional standards of fairness encompassed in due process of law.”). Upon review of the record, we find no constitutional defect in petitioner’s hearing.
Petitioner applied for a section 212(i) waiver. He now argues for the first time on appeal to this Court that he was not required to obtain a section 212(i) waiver. Because petitioner failed to exhaust his administrative remedies with respect to this issue, we are barred from reviewing it. See 8 U.S.C. § 1252(d)(1) (allowing a court to review a final order of removal only if “the alien has exhausted all administrative remedies available to the alien as of right”); Foster v. INS, 376 F.3d 75, 78 (2d Cir. 2004) (“[W]e require ‘[pjetitioner to raise issues to the BIA in order to preserve them for judicial review.’ ” (quoting Cervantes-Ascencio v. INS, 326 F.3d 83, 87 (2d Cir. 2003)) (emphasis and second alteration in original)).
We have considered all of petitioner’s arguments and find them to be without merit. Accordingly, we hereby DENY the petition for review.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Jose Luis CORREA-CALAGUA v. Alberto R. GONZALES, Attorney General of the United States, Department of Homeland Security
- Status
- Published