Bermudez v. Gonzales
Opinion of the Court
SUMMARY ORDER
Petitioner Ricardo Bermudez, a native and citizen of Cuba, seeks review of an order of the BIA affirming without opinion an order of Immigration Judge (“IJ”) Michael Rocco denying petitioner’s application for asylum, withholding of removal pursuant to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (“INA”), and relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”),
We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts and procedural history.
Bermudez arrived in the United States in 1980 as part of the Mariel boatlift; he had been imprisoned in Cuba for car theft before leaving that country. See generally In re Barrera, 19 I. & N. Dec. 837, 1989 WL 247505 (B.I.A. 1989) (describing the boatlift); Palma v. Verdeyen, 676 F.2d 100, 101 & n. 1 (4th Cir. 1982) (describing process by which most of “some 125,000 Cuban aliens” were “promptly paroled [into the United States] under provisions” of the INA). Bermudez was paroled into the United States. In 1990, he was convicted in New York State of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree and sentenced to one-to-three years of imprisonment.
The IJ found that Bermudez was ineligible for either asylum or withholding of removal under the INA on account of his drug conviction. In addition, the IJ found that even if eligible for withholding of removal under the INA, Bermudez would not qualify for that relief because he had not adequately supported his claim that he would suffer persecution on account of political opinion if returned to Cuba. The IJ also found that Bermudez had not met his burden in demonstrating eligibility for relief under the CAT.
Assuming arguendo that Bermudez was not barred by statute from receiving withholding under the INA, we must deny his petition nonetheless because substantial evidence supports the IJ’s finding that Bermudez did not demonstrate that he would likely face persecution if returned to Cuba.
We note as well that the BIA has previously held that Mariel boatlift participants do not have prima facie “well-founded fears of persecution if returned to Cuba.” See Barrera, 19 I. & N. Dec. at 846. Moreover, although certain veterans of the Mariel boatlift suffered punishment in Cuba for crimes committed in the United States, the BIA concluded that such punishment did not constitute persecution on
We have considered all of Bermudez’s remaining arguments and conclude that they are without merit. For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is DENIED.
Having completed our review, any stay of removal that the Court previously granted in this petition is VACATED, and any pending motion for a stay of removal in this petition is DENIED as moot.
. United Nations Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Dec. 10, 1984, S. Treaty Doc. No. 100-20 (1988), 1465 U.N.T.S. 85; see also 8 C.F.R. § 1208.16(c) (regulations implementing the CAT).
. Pursuant to New York Penal Law § 220.39(1), "[a] person is guilty of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree when he knowingly and unlawfully sells ... a narcotic drug."
. Specifically, he wrote in his application, "I believe that Fidel Castro will have me arrested and imprisoned if returned to Cuba. I left Cuba under then Presidenet [sic] Jimmy Carter’s invitation to all Cubans to enter the United States. I believe Castro will make me pay for embarrassing him politically.”
Having admitted his criminal conviction, Bermudez agreed with the government that he was barred from receiving asylum. He subsequently pressed only his claims for withholding of removal pursuant to the INA and the CAT.
. Although the Government contends that we do not have jurisdiction to entertain Bermudez’s petition for review under 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(C), we may "assume hypothetical jurisdiction” in deciding a case, so long as that jurisdiction is statutory and not constitutional. Cf. United States v. Canova, 412 F.3d 331, 348 (2d Cir. 2005) (assuming hypothetical jurisdictional in the context of criminal sentencing).
. The IJ and Bermudez engaged in the following colloquy:
The IJ: “If this Court found you removable as charged would you suffer any persecution in the country that you were removed to?”
Bermudez: "No.”
The IJ: "Specifically Cuba?”
Bermudez: "No.”
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Ricardo BERMUDEZ v. Alberto GONZALES, Attorney General of the United States
- Status
- Published