Lixia Chen v. Mukasey
Lixia Chen v. Mukasey
Opinion of the Court
SUMMARY ORDER
Petitioner Lixia Chen, a native of the People’s Republic of China, seeks review of an April 26, 2007 order of the BIA affirming the September 15, 2005 decision of Immigration Judge (“IJ”) Robert D. Weisel denying petitioner’s applications for asylum, withholding of removal, relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”), and cancellation of removal. In re Lixia Chen, No. A73 163 692 (B.I.A. Apr. 26, 2007), aff'g No. A73 163 692 (Immig. Ct. N.Y. City Sept. 15, 2005). We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts and procedural history in this case.
When the BIA adopts the decision of the IJ and supplements the IJ’s decision, this Court reviews the decision of the IJ as supplemented by the BIA. See Yan Chen v. Gonzales, 417 F.3d 268, 271 (2d Cir. 2005). This Court reviews the agency’s factual findings, including adverse credibility determinations, under the substantial evidence standard, treating them as “conclusive unless any reasonable adjudicator would be compelled to conclude to the contrary.” 8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(B); see, e.g., Zhou Yun Zhang v. INS, 386 F.3d 66, 73 & n. 7 (2d Cir. 2004) overruled in part on other grounds by Shi Liang Lin v. U.S. Dept. of Justice, 494 F.3d 296, 305 (2d Cir. 2007) (en banc). However, we will vacate and remand for new findings if the agency’s reasoning or its fact-finding process was sufficiently flawed. Cao He Lin v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 428 F.3d 391, 406
As an initial matter, while Chen did not properly raise asylum, withholding of removal or CAT before the BIA, see 8 U.S.C. § 1252(d)(1), her failure to exhaust is excused because the BIA’s decision specifically addressed Chen’s asylum claim, the denial of which served as the basis for the denial of her withholding of removal and CAT claims. See Xian Tuan Ye v. DHS, 446 F.3d 289, 296-297 (2d Cir. 2006); Waldron v. INS, 17 F.3d 511, 515 n. 7 (2d Cir. 1994).
However, Chen did not argue before the agency that she had a well-founded fear of persecution based on the forcible insertion of an IUD; thus, Chen failed to exhaust this argument and we need not consider it. Steevenez v. Gonzales, 476 F.3d 114, 117-118 (2d Cir. 2007).
The record supports the agency’s finding that Chen failed to establish a well-founded fear of persecution because her claim was “entirely speculative.” See Jian Xing Huang v. INS, 421 F.3d 125, 129 (2d Cir. 2005). The agency properly determined that Chen’s testimony regarding the experience of Chen’s mother, who was forcibly sterilized after having four children, was not probative of Chen’s fear of persecution based on having one U.S.-born child. See Ramsameachire v. Ashcroft, 357 F.3d 169, 178 (2d Cir. 2004) (providing that an objective fear of persecution is “dependent upon the context and believability [the applicant] can establish for h[er] claims through presentation of reliable, specific, objective supporting evidence”).
Because claims for withholding of removal and CAT require objective evidence of future persecution, see INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 430, 107 S.Ct. 1207, 94 L.Ed.2d 434 (1987), the agency’s finding that Chen had failed to prove the objective reasonableness of her fear necessarily precluded success on her applications for withholding of removal and relief under the CAT. See Paul v. Gonzales, 444 F.3d 148, 156 (2d Cir. 2006).
Finally, we dismiss Chen’s challenge to the agency’s denial of cancellation of removal. Chen argues that she is not challenging the discretionary determination of whether the hardship standard has been met, but rather is challenging “the Agency’s failure to articulate and properly apply the legal standard for cancellation of removal.” However, it is clear from Chen’s arguments that she is challenging the agency’s discretionary balancing of the facts. See Barco-Sandoval v. Gonzales, 496 F.3d 132, 135 n. 3, 139 (2d Cir. 2007) (amended January 25, 2008)
For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is DENIED, in part and DISMISSED, in part. As we have completed our review, the pending motion for a stay
. The case, as amended, does not yet appear in the Federal Reporter.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- LIXIA CHEN v. Michael B. MUKASEY, United States Attorney General
- Status
- Published