We have given careful consideration to the questions presented by the appeals in the instant cases and have examined the authorities cited by the parties. Since the cases are in admiralty our consideration is of course de novo. Our conclusions, however, are the same as those expressed by Judge McGranery in his clear opinion, 77 F.Supp. 264, sub. nom. The Norwich Victory.

Accordingly the decree of the court below will be affirmed in all respects.