Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.

Wilbert Ruffin appeals the district court’s order denying his motion to reopen his closed 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (2012) action. We have reviewed the record and find no reversible error. Accordingly, we affirm for the reasons stated by the district court. Ruffin v. D.M. Christian, No. 1:08-cv-00969-GBL-JFA (E.D. Va. Sept. 20, 2017). We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before this court and argument would not aid the decisional process.

AFFIRMED