United States v. Adrian Hyman
Opinion
Motion to dismiss granted by published opinion. Judge Agee wrote the opinion, in which Judge Wilkinson and Judge Duncan joined.
ON REHEARING
Adrian Demond Hyman filed his notice of appeal late in violation of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. In response, the Government filed a motion to dismiss the appeal due to his failure to meet the requirement for timely filing. Hyman contends the Government was tardy in filing the motion to dismiss and that delay effectively cures any failure to observe the requirements of the Rules on his part. For the reasons discussed below, we find Hyman's argument to be without merit and grant the Government's motion to dismiss the appeal.
I.
Hyman pleaded guilty in the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina to one count of distribution of cocaine hydrochloride in violation of
On March 2, 2017, the Government filed a motion to dismiss the appeal and suspend briefing, and we suspended briefing pending our ruling on the motion to dismiss. In its motion, the Government argued that Hyman had violated Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 4(b)(1)(A) by failing to file a notice of appeal within fourteen days of the district court's judgment order and that delinquency required *498 dismissal of the appeal. Hyman responded that the Court should allow the untimely appeal because the Government unnecessarily delayed its filing of the motion to dismiss until after he had filed his opening brief. The Government did not reply. We calendared the appeal and motion to dismiss for oral argument and resumed the briefing schedule.
In its response brief on appeal, the Government specifically argued that it was permitted to file a motion to dismiss pursuant to our Local Rule 27(f). Hyman did not respond to this contention in his reply brief. We heard oral argument and now grant the Government's motion to dismiss. We have jurisdiction pursuant to
II.
Rule 3(a)(1) of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure mandates the timely filing of a notice of appeal in accordance with Rule 4. In turn, Rule 4(b)(1)(A) requires a criminal defendant to file his notice of appeal within fourteen days of the entry of the district court's judgment of conviction. 2 Since Hyman's final order of conviction was entered in the district court on June 27, 2016, he was required to file his notice of appeal no later than July 11, 2016. See Fed. R. App. P. 4(b)(1)(A). Consequently, Hyman's notice of appeal filed November 22, 2016, and dated November 2, 2016, was over three months late.
The parties agree that the late filing of a notice of appeal does not deprive the Court of subject matter jurisdiction, but Rule 4 is a mandatory claim-processing rule.
See
United States v. Urutyan
,
In addition to the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, our Court has promulgated Local Rules that also apply to cases in this Circuit. See Fed. R. App. P. 47(a) (permitting each court of appeals to, "after giving appropriate public notice and opportunity for comment, make and amend rules governing its practice"). Local Rule 27(f) states, "Motions to dismiss based upon the ground that the appeal is not within the jurisdiction of the Court or for other procedural grounds may be filed at any time."
Local Rule 27(f) is a broad rule that allows a party to move to dismiss (1) on procedural grounds,
and
(2) at any time. We apply the rule in accordance with its plain language.
See
United States v. Shank
,
*499
Because we are required to strictly apply claim-processing rules if they are timely raised, and because our Local Rules as currently written permit a party to raise the timeliness issue at any time, we grant the Government's motion to dismiss.
Eberhart
,
In his response to the Government's motion to dismiss, Hyman cites to our precedent for the proposition that a party must raise the timeliness issue as early as possible.
See
Ga. Pac. Consumer Prods., LP v. Von Drehle Corp.
,
Hyman did not address the application of Local Rule 27(f) in his briefs, even after the Government cited to the Rule in its brief as the basis for granting the motion to dismiss the appeal. When asked at oral argument to articulate a standard for establishing the point at which a motion to dismiss would be untimely and deemed waived, Hyman stated only that the Government was simply too late in this case. Hyman's difficulty in articulating a standard reflects the frailty of attempting to insert a nebulous equity argument in the face of a clear, mandatory claim-processing rule. Moreover, Hyman never identified any prejudice he suffered by virtue of the timing of the Government's motion to dismiss.
Finally, our recent decision in
United States v. Oliver
,
*500
The Court, however, recognized the broad language of Local Rule 27(f) in allowing a party to file a motion to dismiss "at any time" and declined to decide the limits of that part of the Rule, although it did determine that the Government had forfeited its right to move for dismissal because it did not object to the untimely appeal "until well after the merits briefing."
For all these reasons, we conclude that the Government's motion to dismiss was timely: "The court of appeals may, in its discretion, overlook defects in a notice of appeal
other than the failure to timely file a notice
."
Manrique
,
DISMISSED
The notice of appeal was dated November 2, 2016, and the envelope was postmarked on November 15, 2016.
Rule 4(b)(3) extends the time to file to fourteen days from the resolution of certain post-trial motions, and Rule 4(b)(4) also permits the district court-upon motion or sua sponte-to extend the filing period by thirty days "[u]pon a finding of excusable neglect or good cause." Neither rule applies in this case.
The D.C. Circuit requires a party to file a motion to dismiss within forty-five days of the docketing of the appeal, and that deadline is mentioned in the Mississippi River Transmission Corp. case. See D.C. Cir. R. 27(g)(1). The Seventh Circuit has no rule regarding motions to dismiss and is therefore free to fashion case-specific rules. By contrast, we are constrained by our Local Rule 27(f).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Adrian Demond HYMAN, Defendant-Appellant.
- Cited By
- 17 cases
- Status
- Published