United States v. Rogers
United States v. Rogers
Opinion
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
No. 97-40001
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff - Appellee,
v.
NATHAN MORRELL ROGERS,
Defendant - Appellant
_________________________________________________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (1:96-CR-43) _________________________________________________________________ March 5, 1998 Before KING, BARKSDALE, and PARKER, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Defendant-Appellant Nathan Morrell Rogers appeals his
conviction of five counts of possession of cocaine base with
intent to distribute. We affirm the district court’s judgment of
conviction and sentence.
Rogers first argues that the evidence presented at trial was
insufficient to support his conviction. When reviewing a jury
verdict to determine whether the evidence was sufficient to
* Pursuant to Local Rule 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in Local Rule 47.5.4. support the conviction, we view the evidence and the inferences
to be drawn therefrom in the light most favorable to the verdict,
and we determine whether a rational trier of fact could have
found all the elements beyond a reasonable doubt. United States
v. Gonzales,
79 F.3d 413, 423(5th Cir.), cert. denied,
117 S. Ct. 183(1996). Having reviewed the record, we conclude that the
evidence presented at trial was sufficient to support Rogers’s
conviction.
Rogers next contends that the district court abused its
discretion in admitting the testimony of Ronald Fuselier, who
testified that Rogers sent him to Houston to buy drugs on seven
or eight occasions. Rogers contends that Fuselier’s testimony
should not have been admitted because it was not relevant to any
issue other than his character; he therefore argues that the
testimony was inadmissible under Federal Rule of Evidence 404.
The government responds that the testimony was relevant to prove
that Rogers was involved in the distribution of cocaine base and
that he had the required knowledge and intent to distribute
drugs.
We review a district court’s decision to admit extrinsic
evidence for abuse of discretion. United States v. Coleman,
78 F.3d 154, 156(5th Cir.), cert. denied,
117 S. Ct. 230(1996).
Under this standard, we accord substantial deference to a
district court’s informed judgment regarding the balancing
determination required by Rule 404(b), and “[w]e will reverse
2 only after a clear showing of prejudicial abuse of discretion.”
United States v. Moye,
951 F.2d 59, 62(5th Cir. 1992). In order
to be admissible under Rule 404(b), extrinsic evidence must
satisfy the following two-part test: (1) the evidence must be
“relevant to an issue other than the defendant’s character” and
(2) the evidence “must possess probative value that is not
substantially outweighed by its undue prejudice and must meet the
other requirements of rule 403.” United States v. Beechum,
582 F.2d 898, 911(5th Cir. 1978). This court has approved of the
admission of extrinsic evidence when offered to prove knowledge
and intent. See, e.g., United States v. Williams,
900 F.2d 823, 826-27(5th Cir. 1990) (holding that evidence that a defendant
who was charged with transporting cocaine through the mail had
made nineteen other similar mailings was admissible under Rule
404(b) to show knowledge and intent). In this case, the district
court admitted Fuselier’s testimony for the limited purpose of
proving (1) Rogers’s intent to possess and distribute cocaine
base and (2) his knowledge of any common scheme or plan, and the
court gave the jury an instruction that clearly delineated the
limited purposes for which the testimony was admitted. Having
considered the testimony in the record and the arguments
presented in the briefs on appeal, we do not think that the
district court abused its discretion in admitting Fuselier’s
testimony for the limited purpose of establishing knowledge and
intent.
3 Finally, Rogers argues that the district court erred in
holding him responsible for 82.26 grams of cocaine base
discovered in Fuselier’s car during a traffic stop. This court
reviews a district court’s factual findings made for sentencing
purposes for clear error. United States v. Madison,
990 F.2d 178, 182(5th Cir. 1993). We review the district court’s legal
interpretation of the Sentencing Guidelines de novo.
Id.Section 1B1.3(a)(2) of the Sentencing Guidelines provides
that “all acts and omissions . . . that were part of the same
course of conduct or common scheme or plan as the offense of
conviction” may be used in the determination of the applicable
sentencing range. U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL § 1B1.3(a)(2)
(1995). Relying on the Presentence Investigation Report’s (PSR)
determination that it belonged to Rogers, the district court
determined that the cocaine base found in Fuselier’s car
constituted such “relevant conduct.” “Particularly in drug
cases, this circuit has broadly defined what constitutes ‘the
same course of conduct’ or ‘common scheme or plan.’” United
States v. Bryant,
991 F.2d 171, 177(5th Cir. 1993).
Rogers contends that Fuselier’s trial testimony, on which
the PSR relied, did not have the “sufficient indicia of
reliability to support its probable accuracy” that § 6A1.3 of the
Sentencing Guidelines requires of any information considered in
sentencing determinations. See U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL
§ 6A1.3 (1995). “A [PSR] generally bears sufficient indicia of
4 reliability to be considered as evidence by the district court in
resolving disputed facts.” United States v. Valencia,
44 F.3d 269, 274(5th Cir. 1995). When a defendant objects to the
consideration of conduct contained in the PSR, he bears the
burden of proving that the information is “materially untrue,
inaccurate or unreliable.” United States v. Angulo,
927 F.2d 202, 205(5th Cir. 1991). Other than cross-examining him, Rogers
presented no evidence to refute Fuselier’s testimony that the
cocaine base belonged to Rogers. Thus, we cannot say that the
district court clearly erred in finding Fuselier’s testimony
regarding the 82.26 grams of cocaine base to be credible.
For the foregoing reasons, we AFFIRM the judgment of the
district court.
5
Reference
- Status
- Unpublished