United States v. Richardson
United States v. Richardson
Opinion
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
____________________
No. 99-21153
Summary Calendar ____________________
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
ANDREW NELSON RICHARDSON,
Defendant-Appellant
_________________________________________________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas No. H-99-CR-211-1 _________________________________________________________________
November 2, 2000
Before KING, Chief Judge, WIENER, Circuit Judge, and LYNN,* District Judge.
PER CURIAM:**
* District Judge of the Northern District of Texas, sitting by designation. ** Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4. Defendant-Appellant Andrew Nelson Richardson appeals the
district court’s application of § 2K2.1(c) of the United States
Sentencing Guidelines. See U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL
§ 2K2.1(c) (1998). For the following reasons, we AFFIRM.
Based upon information from a confidential informant who
alleged Richardson was selling drugs out of his residence, the
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) executed a search
warrant on Richardson’s home. The federal agents found a loaded
.25 caliber pistol, a loaded Winchester 12 gauge shotgun, 87
rounds of ammunition, and a marijuana cigar. ATF agents then
obtained Richardson’s consent to search his Ford Tempo parked
outside his residence. Richardson had been seen driving this car
only five minutes prior to the search. In a pill bottle in the
trunk of his car, the agents found twenty-six rocks of crack
cocaine weighing 4.8787 grams. Richardson also had $1800.00 on
his person. Richardson subsequently pled guilty to one count of
being a felon in possession of a firearm in violation of
18 U.S.C. § 922(g).
In calculating his sentence, the district court relied on a
presentence report (PSR) prepared by the probation department.
The PSR applied § 2X1.1, the cross-reference section of the
firearm guideline § 2K2.1(c)(1)(A), calculating Richardson’s
sentence based on the narcotics found in his car under § 2D1.1.
Under the cross-referenced section of the Sentencing Guidelines,
Richardson’s offense level was adjusted upwards two levels
2 because “the defendant used or possessed any firearm or
ammunition in connection with the commission or attempted
commission of another offense.”1 The district court accepted the
recommended offense level score contained in the PSR and
sentenced Richardson to 115 months in prison.
Richardson objected to the use of the narcotics guideline as
opposed to the firearm guideline because it increased his offense
level and resulted in a longer prison sentence. Richardson
argued that there was no nexus between the firearms found in his
house and the narcotics found in his automobile. See United
States v. Mitchell,
166 F.3d 748, 751(5th Cir. 1999).
We agree with the district court that a permissible
inference can be drawn that there was a nexus between the drugs
found in Richardson’s car and the guns found in Richardson’s
house. An informant stated that drugs were being sold from the
table in Richardson’s living room where weapons were always
present; the firearms at issue here were found in his living
room; Richardson had been seen driving the car where drugs were
found five minutes before the ATF agents executed their search
1 Specifically, under the narcotics guideline, Richardson received a base offense level of twenty-four for the 4.8787 grams of crack cocaine. See U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL § 2D1.1(c)(8). This base offense level was adjusted upwards two levels under § 2D1.1 for the firearms possessed during a narcotics offense. The PSR also recommended a three-level downward departure for acceptance of responsibility, resulting in an offense level of twenty-three. Had he been charged under the firearm guideline, Richardson alleges he would have received an offense level of nineteen.
3 warrant; and marijuana was found in the house. The district
court did not clearly err in finding a sufficient nexus between
the drugs and the guns, and we accordingly AFFIRM Richardson’s
conviction and sentence.
AFFIRMED.
4
Reference
- Status
- Unpublished