Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Raul Vicente Lozano-Ramirez raises arguments that are foreclosed by Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 235, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), which held that a prior conviction is a sentencing factor under 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2) and not a separate criminal offense, and by United States v. Moreno, 289 F.3d 371 (5th Cir. 2002) which rejected a challenge based upon Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000), to the mandatory minimum life sentence under 21 U.S.C. § 848. The Government’s motion for summary affirmance is GRANTED, and the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.